A comprehensive examination of small-bowel capsule endoscopy in Spanish centers to meet European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy standards.

Background and study aims In 2019, the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) created a working group to develop technical and quality standards for small-bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) to improve the daily practice of endoscopy services. They developed 10 quality parameters, which have yet to be tested in a real-life setting. Our study aimed to evaluate the accomplishment of the quality standards in SBCE established by the ESGE in several Spanish centers. Materials and methods An online survey of 11 multiple-choice questions related to the ESGE performance measures was sent to Spanish centers with experience in SBCE. In order to participate and obtain reliable data, at least 100 questionnaires had to be answered per center because that is the minimum number established by ESGE. Results 20 centers participated in the study, compiling 2049 SBCEs for the analysis. Only one of 10 performance measures (cecal visualization) reached the minimum standard established by the ESGE. In five of 10 performance measures (Indication, lesion detection rate, terminology, and retention rate) the minimum standard was nearly achieved. Conclusions Our study is the first multicenter study regarding SBCE quality performance measures in a real setting. Our results show that the minimum standard is hardly reached in most procedures, which calls into question their clinical applicability in real life. We suggest performing similar studies in other countries to evaluate whether there is a need for quality improvement programs or a need to reevaluate the minimum and target values published so far.

Small Bowel Enteroscopy - A Joint Clinical Guideline from the Spanish and Portuguese Small Bowel Study Groups.

The present evidence-based guidelines are focused on the use of device-assisted enteroscopy in the management of small-bowel diseases. A panel of experts selected by the Spanish and Portuguese small bowel study groups reviewed the available evidence focusing on the main indications of this technique, its role in the management algorithm of each indication and on its diagnostic and therapeutic yields. A set of recommendations were issued accordingly.

Estas recomendações baseadas na evidência detalham o uso da enteroscopia assistida por dispositivo no manejo clínico das doenças do intestino delgado. Um conjunto de Gastrenterologistas diferenciados em patologia do intestino delgado foi selecionado pelos grupos de estudos Espanhol e Portugués de intestino delgado para rever a evidência disponível sobre as principais indicações desta técnica, o seu papel nos algoritmos de manejo de cada indicação e sobre o seu rendimento diagnóstico e terapêutico. Foi gerado um conjunto de recomendações pelos autores.

Small bowel enteroscopy - A joint clinical guideline by the Spanish and Portuguese small-bowel study groups

The present evidence-based guidelines are focused on the use of device-assisted enteroscopy in the management of small-bowel diseases. A panel of experts selected by the Spanish and Portuguese small-bowel study groups reviewed the available evidence focusing on the main indications of this technique, its role in the management algorithm of each indication, and its diagnostic and therapeutic yield. A set of recommendations was issued accordingly

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Small bowel enteroscopy - A joint clinical guideline by the Spanish and Portuguese small-bowel study groups.

The present evidence-based guidelines are focused on the use of device-assisted enteroscopy in the management of small-bowel diseases. A panel of experts selected by the Spanish and Portuguese small-bowel study groups reviewed the available evidence focusing on the main indications of this technique, its role in the management algorithm of each indication, and its diagnostic and therapeutic yield. A set of recommendations was issued accordingly.

Development and validation of a scoring index to predict the presence of lesions in capsule endoscopy in patients with suspected Crohn's disease of the small bowel: a Spanish multicenter study.

BACKGROUND: Capsule endoscopy (CE) is the first-line investigation in cases of suspected Crohn's disease (CD) of the small bowel, but the factors associated with a higher diagnostic yield remain unclear. OBJECTIVE: Our aim is to develop and validate a scoring index to assess the risk of the patients in this setting on the basis of biomarkers. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Data on fecal calprotectin, C-reactive protein, and other biomarkers from a population of 124 patients with suspected CD of the small bowel studied by CE and included in a PhD study were used to build a scoring index. This was first used on this population (internal validation process) and after that on a different set of patients from a multicenter study (external validation process). RESULTS: An index was designed in which every biomarker is assigned a score. Three risk groups have been established (low, intermediate, and high). In the internal validation analysis (124 individuals), patients had a 10, 46.5, and 81% probability of showing inflammatory lesions in CE in the low-risk, intermediate-risk, and high-risk groups, respectively. In the external validation analysis, including 410 patients from 12 Spanish hospitals, this probability was 15.8, 49.7, and 80.6% for the low-risk, intermediate-risk, and high-risk groups, respectively. CONCLUSION: Results from the internal validation process show that the scoring index is coherent, and results from the external validation process confirm its reliability. This index can be a useful tool for selecting patients before CE studies in cases of suspected CD of the small bowel.

Preparations for colon capsule endoscopy. Prospective and randomized comparative study between two preparations for colon capsule endoscopy: PEG 2 liters + ascorbic acid versus PEG 4 liters.

INTRODUCTION: PillCam© colon capsule endoscopy (CCE) enables the study of colonic diseases in a safe and non-invasive way, although there are aspects that need to be improved. Current methods of bowel preparation lead to discordant rates of adequate cleansing and CCE excretion. AIMS: To compare the efficacy of colon cleansing using two different regimes (2L PEG plus ascorbic acid versus 4L PEG alone) for PillCam Colon (C2) capsule endoscopy. METHODS: Fifty eight patients included in this prospective study and randomized to: Group A, PEG plus ascorbic acid regimen (n = 28, 12 F/16 M) or group B, PEG alone regimen (n = 30, 14 F/16 M). The degree of cleansing was categorized into "excellent-good" or "fair-poor", according to Leighton´s recently published preparation scale. CCE excretion rate and colon cleansing were assessed. Patients underwent to PillCam colon of second generation (C2). RESULTS: Cleansing was considered to be excellent-good in 78 % of cases in group A and in 64 % of cases in group B, with no significant difference between the groups (p = 0.252). Nevertheless, when the grade of cleansing was analyzed in segments, a significant difference was found in the cecum and transverse colon. No differences were observed in the bubble effect between preparations. The excretion rate was 93 % in group A versus 70 % in group B (p = 0.043). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that a 2L PEG plus ascorbic acid regimen is at least as effective as a 4L PEG regimen. This regimen may be considered an effective alternative which would improve compliance because a smaller volume is required.

Colon capsule endoscopy is a safe and useful tool to assess disease parameters in patients with ulcerative colitis.

OBJECTIVE: Colon capsule endoscopy (CCE) is a new endoscopic technique that is minimally invasive and allows evaluation of the colon mucosa without pain, sedation, and gas insufflation. To date, few studies have investigated the use of CCE in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). This study compares the ability of CCE and a conventional colonoscopy to assess mucosal disease activity and the extent of inflammatory mucosa in patients with UC. METHODS: Forty-two patients (27 men, mean age 48.5 years) with known UC and indication for colonoscopy were enrolled in this single-blind, prospective study. All patients underwent CCE, followed by a colonoscopy. The activity and extent of the disease was assessed using Mayo scores and Montreal scores, respectively. RESULTS: There was a good correlation between CCE and colonoscopy in disease severity (κ=0.79; 95% confidence interval: 0.62-0.96) and extent of inflammation (κ=0.71; 95% confidence interval: 0.52-0.90) observed. The ability of CCE to assess a broad segment of distal ileum led to a change in the diagnosis of UC to ileocolonic Crohn's disease in three patients. Bowel preparation was considered adequate in 80% of the patients and no serious adverse events related to the CCE procedure or bowel preparation were reported. CONCLUSION: CCE is a safe and useful method for the evaluation of patients with UC. The ability of CCE to assess distal ileum provides an advantage to colonoscopy as CCE can identify patients who have been incorrectly diagnosed with UC, resulting in a change in their diagnosis to Crohn's disease.

Preparations for colon capsule endoscopy. Prospective and randomized comparative study between two preparations for colon capsule endoscopy: PEG 2 liters + ascorbic acid versus PEG 4 liters / Preparaciones para endoscopia del colon con cápsula. Estudio prospectivo, aleatorio y comparativo entre dos preparaciones del colon para cápsula endoscópica: 2 litros PEG + ácido ascórbico versus 4 litros PEG

Introduction: PillCam© colon capsule endoscopy (CCE) enables the study of colonic diseases in a safe and non-invasive way, although there are aspects that need to be improved. Current methods of bowel preparation lead to discordant rates of adequate cleansing and CCE excretion. Aims: To compare the efficacy of colon cleansing using two different regimes (2L PEG plus ascorbic acid versus 4L PEG alone) for PillCam Colon (C2) capsule endoscopy. Methods: Fifty eight patients included in this prospective study and randomized to: Group A, PEG plus ascorbic acid regimen (n = 28, 12 F/16 M) or group B, PEG alone regimen (n = 30, 14 F/16 M). The degree of cleansing was categorized into "excellentgood" or "fair-poor", according to Leighton's recently published preparation scale. CCE excretion rate and colon cleansing were assessed. Patients underwent to PillCam colon of second generation (C2). Results: Cleansing was considered to be excellent-good in 78 % of cases in group A and in 64 % of cases in group B, with no significant difference between the groups (p = 0.252). Nevertheless, when the grade of cleansing was analyzed in segments, a significant difference was found in the cecum and transverse colon. No differences were observed in the bubble effect between preparations. The excretion rate was 93 % in group A versus 70 % in group B (p = 0.043). Conclusions: These results suggest that a 2L PEG plus ascorbic acid regimen is at least as effective as a 4L PEG regimen. This regimen may be considered an effective alternative which would improve compliance because a smaller volume is required (AU)

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