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1.
Rev. esp. med. legal ; 47(4): 143-149, Octubre - Diciembre 2021. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-219992

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El suicidio y su prevención suponen un reto esencial en salud pública. Como primera causa externa de muerte en nuestro país, parece escapar a nuestra comprensión y control en vista de los numerosos estudios e intervenciones realizadas. Llevamos a cabo un estudio de los suicidios mortales estudiados por el Instituto de Medicina Legal y Ciencias Forenses de Valladolid durante el bienio 2018-2019. Material y métodos: Se recogieron todas las muertes por suicidio durante 2018-2019 y se cruzaron con los datos anonimizados del Servicio de Psiquiatría del Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid en 2019. Resultados: La tasa de suicidios fue de 8,5/100.000 habitantes, 49 casos en 2018 y 44 en 2019, con una distribución de 3:1 para varones frente a mujeres, principalmente en el medio rural. La franja de edad con mayor incidencia fue la de 31-70 años. La ahorcadura en el medio rural y la precipitación en el urbano fueron los principales métodos. La comorbilidad psiquiátrica identificada más frecuente fueron los trastornos del estado de ánimo-afectivos (F30-39 CIE-10). Conclusiones: Las tasas de suicidio presentan un ligero descenso, mientras que el perfil de riesgo y las características del suicidio mortal se mantienen constantes en nuestro medio más de 20 años después, lo que indica una escasa eficacia de los esfuerzos preventivos realizados hasta ahora. La prevención efectiva del suicidio debe partir de la mejor identificación, prevención y tratamiento de los trastornos psiquiátricos, pudiendo resultar esencial la participación de los Institutos de Medicina Legal y Ciencias Forenses en programas poblacionales multinivel. (AU)


Introduction: Suicide and its prevention are a serious public health challenge. As the primary external cause of death in our country, it seems to be beyond our understanding and control in view of the numerous studies and interventions carried out. We conducted a study of suicide at the Valladolid Institute of Legal Medicine from 2018-2019. Material and methods: All deaths by suicide from 2018-2019 were collected and crossed with anonymized data of the Psychiatry Service of the University Clinical Hospital of Valladolid in 2019. Results: The suicide rate was 8.5/100,000 inhabitants, 49 cases in 2018 and 44 in 2019, with a 3:1 male to female ratio, mainly in rural areas. The age group with the highest incidence was 31-70 years. Hanging in rural areas and precipitation in urban areas were the main methods. Affective disorders (F30-39 ICD-10) were the most common identified psychiatric disorders. Conclusions: Suicide rates are slightly lower, while the risk profile and features of suicide remain constant in our environment more than 20 years later, indicating that preventive efforts carried out have not been completely successful. The effective prevention of suicide must start with better identification, prevention, and treatment of psychiatric disorders, but the contribution of the Institutes of Legal Medicine in the implementation of multilevel population programmes is also essential. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Forensic Medicine/statistics & numerical data , Forensic Medicine/trends , Public Health/statistics & numerical data , Suicide/prevention & control , Suicide/statistics & numerical data , Suicide/trends , Preventive Medicine , Mortality , Spain
2.
Front Psychiatry ; 11: 585607, 2020.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33488419

ABSTRACT

Background: Although psychoactive substance use disorders (PSUDs) are a domain of mental health, addiction psychiatry is only formally recognized as a subspecialty in a few European countries, and there is no standardized training curriculum. Methods: A 76-item questionnaire was developed and disseminated through an online anonymous data-collecting system and hand-to-hand amongst psychiatric trainees from the 47 European countries of the Council of Europe plus Israel and Belarus. Results: 1,049/1,118 psychiatric trainees from 30 European countries completed the questionnaire. Fifty-nine-point nine percent of trainees stated to have training in addictions. Amongst the trainees who described having training in addictions, 43% documented a not well-structured training and 37% an unsatisfactory training, mainly due to poor acquired knowledge. Overall, 97% of trainees stated that addiction represents a core curriculum for their training. Overall, general adult psychiatric trainees reported a better knowledge in addictions, compared to trainees in child and adolescent psychiatry. Conclusion: Despite a growing spread of PSUDs in European countries, addiction psychiatry is a relatively poorly trained field within psychiatry training programs. Further research should investigate reasons for poor training and timings of the educational activities to optimize experiential education training in addiction psychiatry.

3.
Psiquiatr. biol. (Internet) ; 25(3): 108-110, sept.-dic. 2018.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-175116

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El síndrome opsoclonus-mioclonus es una entidad poco frecuente, de origen autoinmune y que puede aparecer a cualquier edad, siendo mucho más frecuente en la edad pediátrica. Su etiología es muy diversa, frecuentemente paraneoplásica o de origen infeccioso. Los casos secundarios a intoxicación por drogas o medicamentos son infrecuentes. Caso clínico: Mujer de 43 años valorada por Psiquiatría de Enlace por sobreingesta de 80 comprimidos de duloxetina 30mg. Acude a Urgencias por un cuadro de inicio brusco de visión borrosa, temblor generalizado, dificultad para caminar y alucinaciones visuales. Ingresa en Neurología por sospecha de síndrome opsoclonus-mioclonus, recibe tratamiento esteroideo precoz, tras el que se observa mejoría clínica y recuperación temprana. Las pruebas complementarias resultan normales, excepto los niveles de duloxetina, que están muy por encima del rango normal. Discusión: El síndrome opsoclonus-mioclonus es un trastorno del movimiento infrecuente, que requiere una correcta evaluación debido a la posibilidad de estar relacionado con neoplasias subyacentes


Introduction: Opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome is a rare entity of autoimmune origin, which can appear at any age, being much more common in paediatric patients. Its aetiology is very diverse, often of para-neoplastic or of infectious origin. Cases secondary to poisoning by drugs or other kind of medication are uncommon. Clinical case: A 43 year-old woman was examined by Liaison Psychiatry due to an overdose of 80 tablets of duloxetine 30mg. The patient went to the Emergency Service due to a sudden onset of blurred vision, general tremor, difficulty to walk, and visual hallucinations. She was admitted to the Neurology Department due to a clinical suspicion of opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome. She received early steroid treatment, after which both clinical improvement and early recovery were observed. Complementary tests were normal except for duloxetine levels, which were found to be well above their normal range. Discussion: Opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome is an uncommon disorder, which requires a correct diagnostic evaluation and analysis, as it could possibly be related to underlying neoplasms


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Duloxetine Hydrochloride/poisoning , Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Syndrome/chemically induced , Steroids/therapeutic use , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/drug therapy , Suicide, Attempted , Depressive Disorder/complications
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