ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection is crucial for medical and public health reasons, to allow the best treatment of cases and the best control of the pandemic. Serology testing allows for the detection of asymptomatic infections and 19-COVID cases once the virus has been cleared. We analyzed the usefulness of the SARS-CoV-2 rapid test of Autobio and tried to correlate its pattern with the severity of COVID19 infection. METHODS: We analyzed the accuracy and clinical usefulness of a point-of-care IgM and/or IgG test for SARS-CoV-2 in 35 COVID-19 patients [12 (34.3%) mild-moderate and 23 (65.7%) severe-critical] admitted to a field hospital in Madrid, as well as in 5 controls. RESULTS: The mean time from the first day of symptoms to the antibody test was 28 days (SD: 8.7), similar according to the severity of the disease. All patients with SARS-CoV-2 PCR+ showed the corresponding IgG positivity, while these results were negative in all control individuals. A total of 26 (74%) cases also presented with positive IgM, 19 (83%) were severe-critical cases and 7 (58%) were mild-moderate cases. The IgM response lasted longer in the severe critical cases (mean: 29.7 days; SD: 8.4) compared to the moderate cases (mean: 21.2 days; SD: 2.0).. CONCLUSIONS: Rapid serology tests are useful for the diagnosis of patients with COVID-19 (mainly IgG detection) and may also be correlated with the severity of the infection (based on IgM detection).
Subject(s)
Antibodies, Viral/blood , Betacoronavirus/immunology , Clinical Laboratory Techniques/methods , Coronavirus Infections/diagnosis , Pneumonia, Viral/diagnosis , Point-of-Care Testing , Adult , Aged , Asymptomatic Infections , COVID-19 , COVID-19 Testing , Coronavirus Infections/virology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Immunoassay/methods , Immunoglobulin G/blood , Immunoglobulin M/blood , Male , Middle Aged , Pandemics , Pneumonia, Viral/virology , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , SARS-CoV-2 , Sensitivity and Specificity , Severity of Illness Index , Symptom Assessment/statistics & numerical data , Time FactorsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: To analyze hospitalization episodes with an ICD-9 diagnosis code of influenza (codes 487 and 488) in any diagnostic position from 2009 to 2015 in the Spanish hospital surveillance system. METHODS: Information about age, length of stay in hospital, mortality, comorbidity with an influenza diagnosis code between 1 October 2009 and 30 September 2015 was obtained from the National Surveillance System for Hospital Data (Conjunto Mínimo Básico de Datos, CMBD). RESULTS: 52,884 hospital admissions were obtained. A total of 24,527 admissions corresponded to diagnoses ICD-9 code 487 (46.4%), and 28,357 (53.6%) corresponded to ICD-9 code 488. The global hospitalization rates were 8.7 and 10.6 per 100,000 people, respectively. Differences between the two diagnostic groups were found for each of the six analyzed seasons. The diagnostic ICD-9-CM 488, male gender, and high-risk patients classified by risk vaccination groups showed direct relationship with inpatient hospital death. CONCLUSIONS: Influenza diagnosis was present in a significant number of hospital admissions. The code used for diagnosis (ICD-9-CM 488), male sex, age groups and associated risk clinical conditions showed a direct relationship with inpatient hospital fatality.
Subject(s)
Hospital Mortality , Influenza, Human/diagnosis , Influenza, Human/mortality , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Infant , Influenza, Human/virology , Inpatients/statistics & numerical data , International Classification of Diseases , Male , Middle Aged , Risk Factors , Spain/epidemiology , VaccinationABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To assess hand hygiene compliance covertly in medical students in a university teaching hospital. METHODS: Cross-sectional study. Hand hygiene compliance in medical students was assessed in the units of Neonatology, Paediatrics, Neurology and Orthopaedic surgery. The five moments were covertly observed so as the hand rub technique. Hand hygiene compliance was described with the compliance percentages of the five moments. RESULTS: We studied 456 opportunities of hand hygiene. Global compliance was 44.3%. The most registered unit was Orthopaedic surgery (59.6%). According to the different moments, global compliance was better "after touching a patient" (60.2%). The unit with the highest hand hygiene compliance was Neonatology (60%). Hand hygiene compliance was better in the different hospitalisation units (50%) than in the office rooms (33%) (P<0.05) and the mean duration of hand hygiene was 22 seconds. CONCLUSIONS: Most of the moments were registered in the unit of Orthopaedic surgery and the moment with the highest hand hygiene compliance was "after touching a patient". The most hand hygiene compliance percentage was observed in Neonatology. Hand hygiene compliance was moderate, and it could and must be improved.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Hand Hygiene/standards , Students, Medical , Adult , Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Guideline Adherence , Hand Disinfection , Hospital Units/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Infection Control , Male , Neonatology , Orthopedic Procedures , Solutions , Young AdultABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the quality of life (QOL) of hearing-impaired children fitted with either a cochlear implant and a hearing aid or bilateral hearing aids, and to compare their outcomes with those of normal-hearing peers. We also investigated the impact of demographic, clinical, and audiological results on QOL. METHODOLOGY: Cross-sectional study using a generic QOL questionnaire. Questionnaires were completed by children and their parents. Eighty-eight children were divided into three groups: bilateral deaf children with a cochlear implant and a contralateral hearing aid (bimodal group), bilateral deaf children with bilateral hearing aids (hearing aid group), and normal-hearing children. The Spanish version of the KINDLr test was used. Responses were correlated with demographic, clinical, and audiological data. RESULTS: The questionnaires revealed a high health-related QOL with a total self-rating score for the children and a proxy score for the parents of 75 or higher in five out of six domains. No significant difference was found in the QOL among the three groups. Additionally, there was no significant difference between the self-rating and the proxy total scores, and no significant association was found between the QOL and the variables of the study. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate a high level of QOL in hearing-impaired children and their families following treatment with either bilateral hearing aids or bimodal stimulation. Children and their parents reported a QOL similar to that of normal-hearing children.
Subject(s)
Cochlear Implants , Hearing Aids , Quality of Life , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Cross-Sectional Studies , Disabled Children , Female , Humans , Male , Patient Satisfaction , Persons With Hearing ImpairmentsABSTRACT
The burden of hospital admissions for pneumococcal meningitis in pediatric population in Spain during a 9-year period was estimated. Data were obtained from the national information system (computerized hospital discharge data). There were 770 hospital admissions with an annual incidence of 1.44 cases per 100,000 population. Rate of death and case-fatality rate were 0.11 per 100,000 population and 7.92%, respectively. The higher incidence and rate of death was found in children up to 12 months of age and the higher case-fatality rate in children of 10-14 years of age. Further studies assessing the incidence of pneumococcal meningitis in post-vaccination period are needed.
Subject(s)
Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Meningitis, Pneumococcal/epidemiology , Adolescent , Age Factors , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Incidence , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Meningitis, Pneumococcal/mortality , Spain/epidemiologyABSTRACT
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