ABSTRACT
Hyptis pectinata L. Poit, known as 'sambacaitá', is used in Brazil to treat inflammatory and painful disorders. In this study, the antioxidant and orofacial antinociceptive properties of the aqueous extract of H. pectinata leaves (AEPH) were assessed using in vitro and in vivo models. Thus, AEPH reduced the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical up to 72.10% with an EC50 of 14.56 µg/ml. It also inhibited 40.80% of the lipoperoxidation induced by 2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride in the thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances assay. The orofacial antinociceptive activity was evaluated in mice pre-treated with AEPH (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o.) and morphine (5 mg/kg, i.p.), which received afterwards formalin- (20 µl, 2% solution, s.c.), glutamate- (40 µl, 25 mM, s.c.) and capsaicin- (20 µl, 2.5 µg, s.c.) to induce orofacial nociception. AEPH at all doses reduced (p < 0.001) the nociceptive response in the first (43-62%) and second (47-80%) phases of the formalin test. Besides, the effect of AEPH (400 mg/kg) was not changed in the presence of naloxone (1.5 mg/kg, i.p.), an opioid antagonist. AEPH significantly inhibited mice face rubbing for capsaicin (23-69%, p < 0.05) and glutamate (48-77%, p < 0.001) at all doses. The findings suggested the AEPH has peripheral and central antinociceptive activities, which are not related to opioid receptors.
Subject(s)
Analgesics/pharmacology , Facial Pain/drug therapy , Free Radical Scavengers/pharmacology , Hyptis/chemistry , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Animals , Biphenyl Compounds/metabolism , Capsaicin/adverse effects , Glutamic Acid/adverse effects , Lipid Peroxidation , Male , Mice , Morphine/pharmacology , Pain Measurement , Picrates/metabolism , Plant Leaves/chemistry , Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive SubstancesABSTRACT
The hospice model is a movement concerned with the care of the dying patient and its family. It's main aim is to comfort and give nursing assistance to terminal patients, giving the patient and family more decision making power than it would have in regular hospitals. The Hospice is not a geographic, territorial space, defined as what we call an "institution". It is more than that, it is an attitude, a behavior towards death and dying. This paper reports on the experience of a multi-professional team' which implemented hospice model care in the Nursing School of the Federal University of Bahia. The study showed that there is a need to understand and study tanathology, to change one's changing attitude towards death and dying, and to develop the ability to deal with one's own terminability.
Subject(s)
Hospice Care , Program Development , Terminal Care , Brazil , Hospice Care/organization & administration , Hospice Care/standards , Terminal Care/organization & administration , Terminal Care/standardsSubject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage , Leukemia, Lymphoid/drug therapy , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy , Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic/drug therapy , Abnormalities, Drug-Induced/etiology , Adolescent , Adult , Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects , Drug Therapy, Combination , Female , Fetal Death/etiology , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Pregnancy , Pregnancy, MultipleABSTRACT
Los casos de leucemia aguda em cuya evolucion se presenta un embarazo no han sido frecuentes hasta el momento. Se informan 2 casos con leucemia aguda mieloblastica y uno con linfoblastica que se embarazon estando en remision completa y en tratamiento de mantenimiento con 6-mercaptopurina, ciclofosfamida y methotrexate. En dos casos el producto murio en utero; uno de ellos con grandes malformaciones. El tercero tuvo gemelos univitelinos, uno con minimas malformaciones, pero estudios de medula osea y cromosomico normales y ambos en buenas condiciones despues de 2 anos.El embarazo no influyo en la evolucion de la leucemia. Se propone utilizar metodos anticonceptivos en las pacientes leucemicas en edad fertil