Rhinovirus infection and co-infection in children with severe acute respiratory infection during the COVID-19 pandemic period.

Rhinovirus causes respiratory tract infections in children and is found in co-infections. The objective of this research was to study the clinical profile of rhinovirus infection and co-infection in children with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) during the COVID-19 pandemic period. We included 606 children ranging in age from 0.1 to 144 months of age from March 2020 to December 2021, hospitalized in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU). The samples were collected by secretion from the nasopharynx region. A total of 259 children were tested positive for viral infection, 153 (59.07%) of them had a single rhinovirus infection and, 56 (36.6%) were aged between 60.1 and 144 months. Nine types of co-infections were identified and were found coinfection with three or more viruses (22/104, 21.15%). Observing the seasonality, the number of cases was similar between 2020 (49.53%) and 2021 (51.47%). Patients with a single infection (86.88%) and coinfection (67.30%) were more likely to have coughed. Patients with co-infection required the use of O2 for longer than those with a single rhinovirus infection. Hemogram results obtained from individuals with a single infection had higher levels of urea when compared to patients with co-infection with and other respiratory viruses. Multiple correspondence analyses indicated different clinical symptoms and comorbidities in patients with co-infection compared to those with single infection. The results found that the rhinovirus was much prevalent virus during the pandemic period and was found in co-infection with other virus types, what is important to diagnostic for the correct treatment of patients.

Influenza and other respiratory viruses in children: prevalence and clinical features.

With the COVID-19 pandemic still ongoing, the annual season of influenza and other respiratory virus epidemics has arrived. Specimens from patients suspected of respiratory viruses infection were collected. Viral detection was performed following RNA extraction and real-time RT-PCR. During the study period, we received and tested a total of 606 specimens. Rhinovirus virus was the viral type most prevalent, detected in 186 (45.47%) specimens. The age range of patients positive for influenza A, influenza A (H1N1), and influenza B was 18 days to 13 years. With female prevalence for this viral type, cough and asthma were the main clinical manifestations presented by this viral type. Our results indicate that rhinoviruses, adenoviruses, metapneumoviruses, and influenza are among the most important agents of ARI in pediatrics. The epidemic period of respiratory infections observed in Goiânia can be useful for planning and implementing some prevention strategies.

Aspects of flexibility of women with fibromyalgia syndrome / Aspectos da flexibilidade de mulheres com síndrome de fibromialgia

Abstract Regular physical exercise tends to benefit people with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS). The effects have been observed regarding aerobic power and strength; however, results concerning flexibility have been controversial. In general, studies have evaluated specific joints or tests involving only a single body movement. The aim of this study was to compare the flexibility profile of FMS and asymptomatic women using a more comprehensive test protocol regarding the number of movements and joints involved. The sample consisted of 30 women divided into two groups: asymptomatic (n = 15; mean age: 50.2 ± 8.2 years; mean weight: 63.0 ± 9.6 kg; mean height: 157 ± 6 cm) and fibromyalgia (n = 15; mean age: 47.3 ± 9.4 years; mean weight: 61.9 ± 12.2 kg; mean height: 159 ± 7 cm). Flexibility was measured using the Flexitest, which was evaluated by the global index of flexibility (Flexindex), and the five indices of variability of joint mobility: intermovement (IVIM), interjoint (IVIA), flexion-extension (IVFE), between segment (IVES) and distal-proximal (IVDP). All of the indices were calculated based on the results of the 20 movements of the Flexitest. There was no difference between groups (44.4 ± 3.7 vs. 45.7 ± 4.1 points, for asymptomatic and fibromyalgia, respectively; p = 0.379; 95% confidence interval (CI): -4.2 to 1.6). Most of the sample (83%) showed an average level of flexibility based on reference values for gender and age. Only IVIM showed a significant difference between the groups. Asymptomatic and fibromyalgic women have similar overall levels of flexibility but with different profiles.

Resumo Exercícios físicos em mulheres com síndrome de fibromialgia (SFM) têm apresentado efeitos na força e potência aeróbica, contudo, os resultados acerca da flexibilidade têm sido controversos. Além disso, os estudos têm avaliado articulações específicas ou testes que envolvam apenas um único movimento corporal. Objetivou-se comparar o perfil de flexibilidade global de mulheres acometidas pela SFM e assintomáticas a partir de um protocolo de teste mais abrangente quanto ao número de movimentos e articulações envolvidas. Participaram da pesquisa 30 mulheres divididas em dois grupos: assintomáticas (n = 15; 50,2 ± 8,2 anos; 63,0 ± 9,6 kg; 157 ± 6 cm) e fibromiálgicas (n = 15; 47,3 ± 9,4 anos; 61,9 ± 12,2 kg; 159 ± 7 cm). A flexibilidade medida pelo Flexiteste foi avaliada pelo índice global de flexibilidade (flexíndice) e pelos cinco índices de variabilidade da mobilidade articular: intermovimentos (IVIM), intra-articulação (IVIA), flexão-extensão (IVFE), entre segmentos (IVES) e distal-proximal (IVDP). Todos os índices foram calculados com base nos resultados dos 20 movimentos do flexiteste. Não houve diferença no flexíndice entre os grupos (44,4 ± 3,7 vs 45,7 ± 4,1 pontos, para assintomáticas e fibromiálgicas respectivamente; p=0,379; IC95% = -4,2 a 1,6). A maioria da amostra (83%) apresentou nível de flexibilidade considerado na média da população para o gênero feminino e para cada faixa etária específica. Entre os índices de variabilidade da mobilidade articular apenas o IVIM apresentou diferença significativa. Mulheres assintomáticas e fibromiálgicas apresentam níveis globais de flexibilidade similares, mas com perfis diferentes.

[Hospitalization due of infectious diarrhea in Rio de Janeiro State]. / Hospitalizações por diarréia infecciosa no Estado do Rio de Janeiro.

Diarrhea is an important cause of hospitalization among infants. There are many complex factors that influence hospital use: socioeconomic and cultural characteristics, access, medical needs, and supply. The objective was to measure hospitalization rates from diarrhea among infants in Rio de Janeiro in 1996 and the association with demographic, geographical, and clinical data comparing differentials between public/university and private/philanthropic hospital care under the Unified National Health System (SUS). The authors used data from the Hospital Information System. Private/philanthropic hospitals admitted approximately four times more children than public/university hospitals. Analysis shows that variation in age, length of hospital stay, and use of pediatric intensive care may reflect differences in physicians' practice styles. This may in turn influence the respective health care unit's capacity to prevent death associated with diarrhea. The authors conclude that it is necessary to continue the analysis of hospital utilization under the SUS due to implications for the cost and quality of pediatric care.

Hospitalizações por diarréia infecciosa no Estado do Rio de Janeiro / Hospitalization due of infectious diarrhea in Rio de Janeiro State

Diarrhea is an important cause of hospitalization among infants. There are many complex factors that influence hospital use: socioeconomic and cultural characteristics, access, medical needs, and supply. The objective was to measure hospitalization rates from diarrhea among infants in Rio de Janeiro in 1996 and the association with demographic, geographical, and clinical data comparing differentials between public/university and private/philanthropic hospital care under the Unified National Health System (SUS). The authors used data from the Hospital Information System. Private/philanthropic hospitals admitted approximately four times more children than public/university hospitals. Analysis shows that variation in age, length of hospital stay, and use of pediatric intensive care may reflect differences in physicians' practice styles. This may in turn influence the respective health care unit's capacity to prevent death associated with diarrhea. The authors conclude that it is necessary to continue the analysis of hospital utilization under the SUS due to implications for the cost and quality of pediatric care.