The prevalence of skin tears and associated factors in hospitalised patients with cancer.

OBJECTIVE: Oncology patients are vulnerable to skin breakdown. The primary purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of skin tears (STs) in hospitalised patients with cancer and to explore related sociodemographic and clinical factors. METHOD: This was an observational, epidemiological, cross-sectional study conducted in an oncology hospital in the city of São Paulo. All STs were classified using the STAR Classification adapted and validated for Brazil. RESULTS: Of the 341 patients evaluated, 22 had STs, equating to a prevalence of 6.5%. A higher number of STs were noted on the lower limbs (26.9%) than on other body areas. The main factors associated with STs were the use of anticoagulants, the presence of ecchymosis and the use of incontinence briefs. CONCLUSION: This study contributed to a better understanding of the epidemiology of STs in hospitalised patients with cancer, as well as its associated factors. Results may inform nursing professionals with regard to the need to develop prevention strategies and early interventions.

Malignant Wounds in Hospitalized Oncology Patients: Prevalence, Characteristics, and Associated Factors.

Epidemiological and descriptive research on malignant wounds (MWs) is scarce. The objective of this study was to identify the prevalence of MWs and analyze the characteristics and associated factors of MWs in hospitalized patients at an oncological institution. An epidemiological, cross-sectional, and descriptive study, which was derived from a larger study that collected data on the prevalence of different types of wounds in 341 adults hospitalized in a large oncological hospital, was conducted. The present study comprehensively analyzed data related to MWs. Information was obtained through participant interviews, physical examination, and medical record review. The study was approved by the ethics committee of the institution where the study was conducted. Fourteen MWs were identified in 13 patients, who were primarily married (58%) and men (75%), with a mean age of 60.5 ± 15.1 years. Malignant wounds were predominantly located in the head and neck region (43%) and classified as 1N (50%) according to the Staging of Malignant Cutaneous Wounds instrument. Malignant wounds were characterized as painful (83.3%), with significant pain present during dressing changes (93%). The presence of MWs was associated with the use of antidepressants (odds ratio [OR] = 4.95; p = .012), upper-limb edema (OR = 8.39; p = .003), and infection (OR = 12.16; p = .051). The prevalence of MWs in hospitalized patients was 3.8%. Associated clinical variables were related to the degree of disease progression. This information provides evidence of the need for research identifying and investigating nursing interventions for patients with MW to assist with pain control during dressing changes.

[Prevalence of fecal incontinence in the urban population of Pouso Alegre, Minas Gerais, Brazil]. / Prevalência da incontinência anal na população urbana de Pouso Alegre, Minas Gerais.

The objectives of this study were to analyze the fecal incontinence (FI) in adults living in Pouso Alegre (Minas Gerais, Brazil) and the associated demographic and clinical variables. This epidemiological study developed sing stratified sampling by conglomerates. The final sample consisted of 519 individuals, of age >18 years, with adequate mental and physical conditions, living in 341 homes, which were randomly selected. Prevalence rates were standardized by gender and age, and revealed 7.0% of FI, overall and for men and women. In the final model of logistical regression, the number of children (OR=5.1; p<0.001), hemorrhoids (OR=4.4; p<0.001) and cystocele (OR=3.0; p<0.001) were statistically correlated to FI. This study identified the epidemiology of fecal incontinence in a small town in Brazil and may contribute to establish public policies and programs for primary and secondary prevention and treatment of FI, starting at the local level.

Prevalência da incontinência anal na população urbana de Pouso Alegre - Minas Gerais / Prevalence of fecal incontinence in the urban population of Pouso Alegre - Minas Gerais - Brazil / Prevalencia de la incontinencia anal en la población urbana de Pouso Alegre - Minas Gerais - Brasil

Os objetivos deste estudo foram conhecer a prevalência da incontinência anal (IA) em adultos da cidade de Pouso Alegre (Minas Gerais) e verificar os fatores demográficos e clínicos preditores de sua presença. Estudo epidemiológico desenvolvido por meio de amostragem estratificada por conglomerado, tendo amostra final composta de 519 indivíduos, com idade >18 anos, em condições físicas e mentais adequadas, residentes em 341 domicílios da área urbana e sorteados aleatoriamente. As prevalências foram padronizadas por sexo e idade, resultando em 7,0 por cento para IA, tanto geral como para homens e mulheres. No modelo final de regressão logística, número de filhos (OR=5,1; p<0,001), doença hemorroidária (OR=4,4; p<0,001) e cistocele (OR=3,0; p<0,001) estavam associados à presença de IA. O estudo permitiu conhecer a epidemiologia da IA e pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas visando à prevenção primária e secundária, e ao tratamento, ainda que inicialmente em nível municipal.

The objectives of this study were to analyze the fecal incontinence (FI) in adults living in Pouso Alegre (Minas Gerais, Brazil) and the associated demographic and clinical variables. This epidemiological study developed sing stratified sampling by conglomerates. The final sample consisted of 519 individuals, of age >18 years, with adequate mental and physical conditions, living in 341 homes, which were randomly selected. Prevalence rates were standardized by gender and age, and revealed 7.0 percent of FI, overall and for men and women. In the final model of logistical regression, the number of children (OR=5.1; p<0.001), hemorrhoids (OR=4.4; p<0.001) and cystocele (OR=3.0; p<0.001) were statistically correlated to FI. This study identified the epidemiology of fecal incontinence in a small town in Brazil and may contribute to establish public policies and programs for primary and secondary prevention and treatment of FI, starting at the local level.

Los objetivos de este estudio fueron conocer la prevalencia de la incontinencia anal (IA) en adultos de la ciudad de Pouso Alegre (Minas Gerais), y verificar los factores demográficos y clínicos predictores de su presencia. Estudio epidemiológico desarrollado a través de muestreo estratificado por conglomerado, estando la muestra final compuesta por 519 individuos con edad >18 años, en condiciones físicas y mentales adecuadas, residentes en 341 domicilios del área urbana y sorteados aleatoriamente. Las prevalencias fueron estandarizadas por sexo y edad, resultando en 7,0 por ciento para IA, tanto general como para hombres y mujeres. En el modelo final de regresión logística, el número de hijos (OR-5,1; p<0,001), enfermedad hemorroidal (OR-4,4; p<0,001) y cistosele (OR-3,0; p<0,001) estaban asociados a la presencia de IA. El estudio permitió conocer la epidemiología de la IA y puede contribuir con el desarrollo de políticas públicas para su prevención primaria y secundaria y su tratamiento, así sea inicialmente a nivel municipal.

Prevalence of urinary incontinence in a random sample of the urban population of Pouso Alegre, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

This study determines and analyzes the prevalence of Urinary Incontinence (UI) and its demographic and clinical predictors. This epidemiological and cross-sectional study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the University of São Paulo, Nursing School. The sample was randomly selected by cluster technique and included 519 individuals aged≥18 years, living in 341 houses in urban areas. Data were analyzed through Chi-Square, Hosmer Lemeshow's test and multivariate logistic regression (stepwise). Prevalence rates were standardized by gender and age. Of the 519 people composing the sample: 20.1% had UI, 32.9% were women and 6.2% were men. Longer duration of losses (OR=29.3; p<0.001), diabetes mellitus (OR=17.7; p<0.001), stroke (OR=15.9; p<0.001), and cystocele (OR=12.5; p<0.001) were the factors most strongly associated with UI. This study enabled the identification of UI epidemiology and can contribute to the development of public policies for its primary and secondary prevention and treatment, even if such measures are initially implemented at the city level.

Prevalence of Urinary Incontinence in a Random Sample of the Urban Population of Pouso Alegre, Minas Gerais, Brazil / Prevalência da incontinência urinária em amostra randomizada da população urbana de Pouso Alegre, Minas Gerais, Brasil / Prevalencia de la incontinencia urinaria en muestra aleatoria de la población urbana de Pouso Alegre, Minas Gerais, Brasil

This study determines and analyzes the prevalence of Urinary Incontinence (UI) and its demographic and clinical predictors. This epidemiological and cross-sectional study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the University of São Paulo, Nursing School. The sample was randomly selected by cluster technique and included 519 individuals aged ≥18 years, living in 341 houses in urban areas. Data were analyzed through Chi-Square, Hosmer Lemeshow’s test and multivariate logistic regression (stepwise). Prevalence rates were standardized by gender and age. Of the 519 people composing the sample: 20.1 percent had UI, 32.9 percent were women and 6.2 percent were men. Longer duration of losses (OR = 29.3; p<0.001), diabetes mellitus (OR = 17.7; p<0.001), stroke (OR = 15.9; p<0.001), and cystocele (OR = 12.5; p <0.001) were the factors most strongly associated with UI. This study enabled the identification of UI epidemiology and can contribute to the development of public policies for its primary and secondary prevention and treatment, even if such measures are initially implemented at the city level.

Os objetivos deste trabalho foram conhecer a prevalência da incontinência urinária (IU), dos fatores demográficos e clínicos preditores da presença de IU. Estudo epidemiológico, corte transversal, aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética da Escola de Enfermagem da Universidade de São Paulo. A amostragem, estratificada por conglomerado, foi composta por 519 indivíduos com idade ≥18 anos, residentes em 341 domicílios da área urbana, sorteados aleatoriamente. Os testes utilizados foram qui-quadrado, Hosmer Lemeshow e regressão logística multivariada (stepwise). As prevalências foram padronizadas por sexo e idade, portanto, das 519 pessoas que compuseram a amostra, 20,1 por cento dessas tinha IU numa população total; 32,9 por cento eram mulheres e 6,2 por cento homens. Maior tempo de perdas (OR=29,3; p<0,001), diabetes mellitus (OR=17,7; p<0,001), acidente vascular encefálico (OR=15,9; p<0,001) e cistocele (OR=12,5; p<0,001) foram os fatores mais fortemente associados à IU. O estudo permitiu conhecer a epidemiologia da IU e pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas para a sua prevenção primária e secundária, seu tratamento, ainda que inicialmente em nível municipal.

El estudio tiene por objetivo conocer la prevalencia de la incontinencia urinaria (IU), de los factores de predicción demográficos y clínicos de la presencia de IU. Se trata de un estudio epidemiológico de corte transversal, aprobado por el Comité de Ética de la Escuela de Enfermería de la Universidad de Sao Paulo. Muestreo estratificado por conglomerado compuesto de 519 individuos con edad ≥18 años, residentes en 341 domicilios del área urbana, sorteados aleatoriamente. Las pruebas utilizadas fueron Chi-cuadrado, Hosmer Lemeshow y regresión logística multivariante (stepwise). Las prevalencias de IU fueron estandarizadas por sexo y edad, en una muestra de 519 personas, siendo 20,1 por ciento en la población general - 32,9 por ciento eran mujeres y 6,2 por ciento hombres. Los factores más fuertemente asociados a la IU fueron: mayor tiempo de pérdidas (OR=29,3; p<0,001), diabetes mellitus (OR=17,7; p<0,001), accidente vascular encefálico (OR=15,9; p<0,001) y cistocele (OR=12,5; p<0,001). El estudio permitió conocer la epidemiologia de la IU y puede contribuir para el desarrollo de políticas públicas para su prevención primaria y secundaria, su tratamiento, inclusive considerando su inicio en el ámbito municipal.

[Quality of life of the colostomized person with or without use of methods of bowel control]. / Qualidade de vida de pessoas colostomizadas com e sem uso de métodos de controle intestinal.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and to compare the quality of life (QoL) of colostomy people, using or not using the bowel control methods (BCM), in other words, the colostomy irrigation and the plug system, considering the hypothesis that people who used them had better QoL. METHOD: This study was carried out in the Heliópolis Hospital Outpatient Department, after the project approval for the Ethical and Research Committee, using the WHOQoL-bref. The sample was constituted of two groups: 50 colostomy people with BCM and 50, without BCM. RESULTS: The Group with BCM had a QoL significantly higher, being this observed in all the Domains and in the Overall QoL, than those of the Group without BCM. CONCLUSION: The study confirmed the hypothesis that the QoL of the Group with BCM is better than the Group without BCM.

Qualidade de vida de pessoas colostomizadas com e sem uso de métodos de controle intestinal / Quality of life of the colostomized person with or without use of methods of bowel control / Calidad de vida de personas colostomizadas con o sin uso de métodos de control intestinal

Objetivo: Avaliar e comparar a qualidade de vida (QV) de pessoas colostomizadas que utilizam e não utilizam os métodos de controle intestinal (MCI), ou seja, a irrigação e o sistema oclusor da colostomia, considerando a hipótese de que aquelas que os utilizam têm melhor QV. Método: O estudo foi desenvolvido no Ambulatório do Hospital Heliópolis, após a aprovação do projeto pelo Comitê de Ética, usando o WHOQoL-abreviado. A amostra foi constituída de dois grupos: 50 pessoas colostomizadas usando os dois MCI e 50, sem os MCI. Resultados: A QV do Grupo com MCI foi significativamente melhor em todos os Domínios e na QV Geral do que daquelas do Grupo sem MCI. Conclusão: O estudo confirmou a hipótese de que a QV do Grupo com MCI é melhor do que a do Grupo sem MCI.

Objective: To evaluate and to compare the quality of life (QoL) of colostomy people, using or not using the bowel control methods (BCM), in other words, the colostomy irrigation and the plug system, considering the hypothesis that people who used them had better QoL. Method: This study was carried out in the Heliópolis Hospital Outpatient Department, after the project approval for the Ethical and Research Committee, using the WHOQoL-bref. The sample was constituted of two groups: 50 colostomy people with BCM and 50, without BCM. Results: The Group with BCM had a QoL significantly higher, being this observed in all the Domains and in the Overall QoL, than those of the Group without BCM. Conclusion: The study confirmed the hypothesis that the QoL of the Group with BCM is better than the Group without BCM.

Objetivo: Evaluar y comparar la calidad de vida (CV) de las personas colostomizadas, con y sin el uso de los métodos de control intestinal (MCI), es decir, la irrigación y el sistema obturador de la colostomia, teniendo en cuenta la hipótesis de que aquellas que los utilizan tienen mejor CV. Método: El estudio fue llevado a cabo en el Ambulatorio del Hospital Heliópolis después de la aprobación del proyecto por lo Comité de Ética, usando el WHOQoL-bref. La muestra fue constituida de dos grupos: 50 personas colostomizadas usando los dos MCI y 50, sin los MCI. Resultados: Las personas del Grupo con MCI tenían CV perceptiblemente mejor, siendo eso observado en todos los Dominios y en la CV General, que aquellas del Grupo sin MCI. Conclusión: El estudio confirmo la hipótesis que la CV del Grupo con MCI es mejor que la del Grupo sin MCI.

Qualidade de vida de adultos com câncer colorretal com e sem ostomia / Quality of life of cancer patients with and without an ostomy

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar e comparar a qualidade de vida (QV) dos doentes com câncer colorretal atendidos pelo SUS na XIV DIR-SP, conforme ausência e presença de estoma. Trata-se de estudo descritivo e exploratório, com abordagem quantitativa onde se utilizou a escala WHOQOL-bref para avaliação da QV. A casuística foi composta por 110 pessoas, totalizando 48 sobreviventes que compuseram dois grupos conforme ausência ou presença do estoma. Os resultados evidenciaram escores médios menores em todos os domínios para as pessoas ostomizadas, porém sem diferenças significativas na comparação com o grupo de pessoas sem ostomia. Foram constatadas diferenças estatisticamente significantes para as variáveis religião e retorno ao trabalho independente do grupo. O estudo contribuiu para o melhor delineamento acerca da QV entre pessoas operadas por câncer colorretal com e sem ostomia

[Quality of life of cancer patients with and without an ostomy]. / Qualidade de vida de adultos com câncer colorretal com e sem ostomia.

This study aimed to analyze and compare the quality of life of patients with colorectal cancer who were attended by the Single Health System in Sao Paulo. A descriptive and transversal study was carried out from a quantitative approach. Data were collected through the World Health Organization Quality of Life-bref scale (WHOQOL-bref). 110 patients were observed, resulting in a population of 48 patients, who were divided into 2 groups: with and without ostomy. No differences in the average scores for the four domains were found between the groups. Statistical differences were found in the variables of religion and return to work independent from the group. This study was important to get a better understanding of quality of life in cancer patients with and without ostomy.