ABSTRACT
Understanding the fundamental mechanisms involved in the induction of biological damage by ionizing radiation remains a major challenge of today's radiobiology research. The Monte Carlo simulation of physical, physicochemical and chemical processes involved may provide a powerful tool for the simulation of early damage induction. The Geant4-DNA extension of the general purpose Monte Carlo Geant4 simulation toolkit aims to provide the scientific community with an open source access platform for the mechanistic simulation of such early damage. This paper presents the most recent review of the Geant4-DNA extension, as available to Geant4 users since June 2015 (release 10.2 Beta). In particular, the review includes the description of new physical models for the description of electron elastic and inelastic interactions in liquid water, as well as new examples dedicated to the simulation of physicochemical and chemical stages of water radiolysis. Several implementations of geometrical models of biological targets are presented as well, and the list of Geant4-DNA examples is described.
Subject(s)
DNA/chemistry , Models, Molecular , Monte Carlo Method , Water/chemistry , Chemical Phenomena , HumansABSTRACT
Durante junio de 1996, en la ciudad japonesa de Saitamas, se produjo una gran infeccion por la presencia de Cryptosporidium en el agua, por lo cual el Miniterio de Salud publico una guia para la proteccion contra el parasito. Basandose en esta guia, la compañia japonesa de agua, Hanshin, ha implementado modificaciones en su sistema de tratamiento, donde se combina tecnologia convencional con ozonizacion y adsorcion con carbon activado. El criterio es mantener un balance entre el riesgo microbiano y quimico en el agua de bebida; y sobre todo, mayor proteccion contra Cryptosporidium