ABSTRACT
Natural and synthetic glycosphingolipids containing neutral sugars have been analyzed by positive and negative ion fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry. Basic structural characterization including saccharide size and sequence and ceramide composition is possible on the basis of the fragment ions observed. The degree of fragmentation could be increased by using higher sample concentrations and lower fast atom beam energies. Commercially available synthetic compounds that had been presumed to be pure were shown to contain homologous fatty acids. Mixtures of glycosphingolipids such as those obtained from Gaucher's spleen and from human erythrocytes can be characterized and quantitated.
Subject(s)
Carbohydrates , Glycosphingolipids , Ceramides , Cerebrosides , Chromatography, Gas , Erythrocytes/analysis , Fatty Acids/analysis , Gaucher Disease/metabolism , Glycosphingolipids/analysis , Humans , Mass Spectrometry , Spleen/analysisABSTRACT
The positive- and negative-ion mass spectra of [methionine]enkephalin and [leucine]enkephalin have been obtained by using a fast-atom-bombardment source described previously by Barber, Bordoli, Sedgwick & Tyler [(1981) J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun., in the press]. This technique has allowed the spectra to be obtained without conversion of the enkephalins into volatile derivatives. The fast-atom-bombardment spectra show good pseudo-molecular-ion sensitivity and fragmentation that can be interpreted on the basis of the known molecular structure.
Subject(s)
Endorphins , Enkephalins , Anions , Cations , Enkephalin, Leucine , Enkephalin, Methionine , Mass SpectrometrySubject(s)
Family Health , Family , Mental Health , Nursing Assessment , Nursing Process , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Female , Humans , Interpersonal Relations , Male , Middle Aged , Nurse PractitionersABSTRACT
Eight infants with an acute reversible motor unit disorder are described, including two infants from whom Clostridum botulinum type A was isolated from stool specimens. The clinical spectrum includes constipation, cranial nerve deficits, pupillary involvement, and generalized hypotonic weakness. There were no deaths, and all infants have had complete clinical recovery. A characteristic electromyographic (EMG) pattern was present in part until clinical recovery. This distinctive pattern consisted of brief, small, abundant for power exerted motor unit potentials. This EMG pattern in the context of the clinical syndrome may well be diagnostic for acute infantile motor unit disorder.
Subject(s)
Botulism/complications , Infant, Newborn, Diseases , Motor Neurons , Neuromuscular Diseases/physiopathology , Acute Disease , Clostridium botulinum/isolation & purification , Electromyography , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Neural Conduction , Neuromuscular Diseases/diagnosis , Neuromuscular Diseases/microbiology , SyndromeABSTRACT
The expanded role of the nurse in social psychiatry involves building upon the conventional role of the nurse to include a focus on health promotion and prevention as well as on the detection and treatment of illness. Nursing is strategically located and uniquely prepared to take on such a challenge. Nursing has long recognized the holistic nature of families and communities. Nursing assumes that families have rights and responsibilities which include participation in the solution to problems which they helped to create. Nursing has been sensitive to the interrelationship between social expectation and dysfunctional behaviour. In the expanded role, nurses have accepted the mandate to transform society, to act as social change agents, as family advocates, as champions of minorities and as facilitators of mental health, i.e., the promotion and maintenance of mental health as well as disease detection and restoration of health. With a focus on mental health teaching, mental health promotion and prevention, nursing has the potential for providing an essential, holistic, now missing, link in the delivery of mental health services.
Subject(s)
Community Psychiatry , Philosophy, Nursing , Psychiatric Nursing , Child , Humans , Nurse PractitionersABSTRACT
Human sexuality, as a field of interest as well as a human experience, is inundated with myths, falacies, and dead beliefs. These outdated notions are instrumental in failure to gain an accurate and factual knowledge base about human sexuality, its nature, function, and its regulation. Myths have served to create an aura and mystery around the expression and experience of human sexuality. It is that aura that has contributed to ignorance, abuse, and misunderstanding. It is imperative, therefore, to examine the existence of myths in everyday living and to explore the meaning in our personal lives as well as in our prefessional encounters.
Subject(s)
Attitude , Sex , Adult , Counseling , Culture , Female , Humans , Interpersonal Relations , Male , Nurse-Patient Relations , Psychosexual Development , Sexual BehaviorABSTRACT
This syndrome was defined by the authors in 1947. Earlier publications of similar disease descriptions were by Syllaba and Henner (1926), Louis-Bar (1941). The authors at present have a stock of 253 cases. The cardinal symptoms of this phakomatosis are: Cerebellar ataxia which begin in infancy and take a slowly progressive course. In the late stages free walking and standing are no longer possible. Progressive atactic speech disorders, cerebellar atrophy in the pneumoencephalogram. Slowly progressing symmetrical skin and mucosal telangiectasia in the face and especially on the conjunctivae at the age of 3 to 6 years. Relapsing sinopulmonary infections with a tendency toward the development of bronchiectases. Apraxia of eye movements. Atrophy of facial skin and premature graying of hair. Recessively hereditary disorder with a high familial manifestation. This syndrome combines the spinocerebellar degeneration, phakomatoses, and infantile dementia processes. Such other conditions as abnormity or absence of thymus, reduction in gamma globulins, amino-aciduria, autosomal-recessive inheritance suggest a genetically determined "error of metabolism".
