Body functions and structure, activity, and participation limitations of adult cystic fibrosis patients under the international classification of functioning, disability, and health framework.

Objective: There is no study in the literature evaluating impairments and functional limitations in adults with cystic fibrosis (CF) under the framework of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF). To evaluate the adults with CF using ICF model. Methods: Twenty-three adults with CF and 23 age-sex matched healthy individuals included in this cross-sectional study. The participants evaluated according to the selected items for domain b, domain s, and domain d from the Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases (OPD) Comprehensive Core Set. The body composition, pulmonary functions, respiratory and peripheral muscle strength/endurance tests and anxiety/depression level were evaluated for domain b and s. For domain d, the Incremental Shuttle Walk Test (ISWT) and Short Form-36 (SF-36) Health Survey were used. Results: The fat-free mass (p = .044), pulmonary functions (p < .05), respiratory muscle endurance (p = .010), absolute and %quadriceps muscle strength (p = .001, p = .025, respectively), number of sit-ups (p = .020), walking speed (p = .035), ISWT and ISWT% distance (p < .001) and peak oxygen consumption (p < .001) were significantly lower in adults with CF compared to healthy individuals (p < .05). There were only significant differences in SF-36 physical functioning and role physical subdimension scores between groups (p = .009, p = .045 respectively). Conclusions: The ICF framework is applicable to comprehensively evaluate limitations of adults with CF among rehabilitation professionals. Especially age, respiratory function, respiratory muscle strength and endurance, dyspnea perception, peripheral muscle endurance were related to activity and participation limitation.

Reliability and construct validity of the Turkish version of the Trinity Amputation and Prosthetic Experience Scales (TAPES) in lower limb amputees.

BACKGROUND: In Turkey there is no amputee-specific instrument to measure health-related quality of life in lower limb amputees. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the validity and reliability of a Turkish version of the Trinity Amputation and Prosthesis Experience Scales (TAPES). STUDY DESIGN: Outcome study to determine test-retest reliability and construct validity of the adapted Turkish version of the TAPES. METHODS: After translation/retranslation of the TAPES, the Turkish version of the TAPES was applied to 47 amputees. A quality of life evaluation (Nottingham Health Profile), a satisfaction evaluation (Satisfaction with Prosthesis), and a functional assessment tool (Amputee Mobility Predictor) were also performed and analysed. RESULTS: On the basis of retesting, the Turkish version of the TAPES was observed to be reliable. The first domain of the Turkish version, which includes psychosocial adjustment, activity restriction and satisfaction with the prosthesis, was found to be valid. However, the validity of the second domain could not be analysed. CONCLUSIONS: The Turkish version of the multidimensional TAPES survey is valid and reliable in Turkish unilateral lower limb amputees and may be used in clinical situations to assess the needs of amputees. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The Turkish version of the TAPES quality-of-life measurement tool for amputees is a valid instrument for assessing the effectiveness of rehabilitation and clinical applications.

Evaluation of novel aminomethyl indole derivatives as Src kinase inhibitors and antioxidant agents.

BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress has been implicated in aging and in a variety of diseases affecting the nervous, respiratory, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal system in humans. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been associated with mechanisms to activate kinases, such as protein tyrosine kinases, which may initiate malignant transformation. Significant evidences of the activation of protein kinases by oxidative stress brought increased attention to the role of antioxidants in these mechanisms. Therefore, recent efforts have focused on revealing the relationship between protein kinase inhibition and the levels of ROS production. METHODS: Antioxidant properties of aminomethyl indole derivatives were investigated by employing various in vitro systems, microsomal NADPH-dependent inhibition of lipid peroxidation (LP), interaction of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and scavenging of superoxide anion radical by virtue of superoxide dismutase inhibitory activity. In vitro tyrosine kinase assays of the aminomethyl indole derivatives were evaluated by changes in the enzymatic activity of pp60(c-Src) tyrosine kinase through alterations in the phosphorylation level of immobilized kinase substrate. RESULTS: Analysis of the antioxidant effects of indole 1a-c, bromo indole 2a-c and phenyl indole 3a-c derivatives revealed almost equal inhibition against LP for 5-bromo indole 2a-c and phenyl indole 3a-c derivatives and slight inhibition against superoxide dismutase only for 1a and 1c. Nonsubstituted compounds at position 5 showed half-inhibition of LP. Compound 1a has tyrosine kinase inhibition with an IC(50) of 102.6 ± 1.16 µM. CONCLUSION: The substitution feature at position 5 of the indole ring certainly plays an important role in both tyrosine kinase inhibition and antioxidant capacity. While certain lipophilicity of this substitution is important for antioxidant activity, it may, on the other hand, have a negative impact on the inhibition of Src kinase.

N-substituted indole-3-imine derivatives and their amine congeners: antioxidant and Src kinase inhibitory effects.

Current evidences demonstrated that the activity of protein kinases can be controlled through oxidative stress induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and normalized by antioxidants. Recent studies with ROS, generated by mitochondria, suggested the potential signalling role of these species, where ROS, especially hydrogen peroxide, were proposed as membrane-related signalling components. The protein regulation by cellular redox states has shown that protein tyrosine kinase members, such as Src kinase and some of the members of the Src family kinases (SFKs), are proteins regulated by the cellular oxidation and reduction status. In this context, the oxidant or antioxidant potential of the synthetic Src kinase inhibitors previously synthesized and studied by our research group, such as N-substituted indole-3-imine and -amine derivatives, were investigated employing various acellular in vitro methods including microsomal NADPH-dependent inhibition of lipid peroxidation (LP), interaction of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and scavenging of superoxide anion radicals. Here, we report that some of the synthetic inhibitors designed for Src kinase target have both antioxidant and kinase inhibition properties.