ABSTRACT
An increasing number of children are consulting for various problems or disorders that are based on mistreatment at school. Bullying is defined as persistent physical or emotional violence by a school-aged child or group of children against another school-aged child who is unable to defend himself in this situation, which takes place in the school area. This type of behavior involves the aggressor, the victim, the group of classmates, the institution (teachers, the psychopedagogic team, the management team) and the families (those of the aggressor and victim, and the parents association). Bullying is a type of disorder that can be included in some of the typologies described by Terr in Postraumatic Stress Disorder in childhood, specifically in type II or chronic disorder and in type III or mixed disorder (chronic with phases of acute reactivation). Longitudinal studies have reported an association between having been bullied at school and the possibility of suffering from mobbing, mostly in the form of work harassment. Surprisingly, there can be a "pact of silence" between classmates. Schools are perceived as being more tolerant with the aggressors than with the victims of bullying.
Subject(s)
Aggression , Crime Victims , Dominance-Subordination , Schools , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/etiology , Students , Violence , Child , Child Behavior Disorders , Crime Victims/psychology , Humans , Social Behavior Disorders , Students/psychologyABSTRACT
Cada vez son más los niños que llegan a la consulta con cuadros diversos que tienen como trasfondo un maltrato en el colegio. Se define la conducta bullying como la violencia mantenida, física o mental, guiada por un individuo en edad escolar o por un grupo y dirigida contra otro individuo también en edad escolar que no es capaz de defenderse a sí mismo en esta situación, y que se desarrolla en el ámbito escolar. En este tipo de conductas están implicados: el agresor, el agredido, el grupo de los propios escolares, la propia institución (profesores, equipos psicopedagógicos y equipos directivos) y las familias (la del agresor, la del agredido y las asociaciones de padres). El bullying es un tipo de trastorno que se puede incluir en alguna de las tipologías descritas por Terr para el trastorno de estrés postraumático en la infancia, en concreto en el tipo II o crónico y en el tipo III o mixto (crónico con fases de reactivación aguda). Estudios longitudinales relacionan la asociación entre haber padecido bullying en la etapa escolar y la posibilidad de estar incluidos en fenómenos de mobbing, la mayoría de las veces como acosado laboral. Sorprende en este tema el pacto de silencio que acontece entre los compañeros. La actitud de las instituciones escolares es percibida más tolerante con los agresores que con los sujetos víctimas del bullying
An increasing number of children are consulting for various problems or disorders that are based on mistreatment at school. Bullying is defined as persistent physical or emotional violence by a school-aged child or group of children against another school-aged child who is unable to defend himself in this situation, which takes place in the school area. This type of behavior involves the aggressor, the victim, the group of classmates, the institution (teachers, the psychopedagogic team, the management team) and the families (those of the aggressor and victim, and the parents association). Bullying is a type of disorder that can be included in some of the typologies described by Terr in Postraumatic Stress Disorder in childhood, specifically in type II or chronic disorder and in type III or mixed disorder (chronic with phases of acute reactivation). Longitudinal studies have reported an association between having been bullied at school and the possibility of suffering from mobbing, mostly in the form of work harassment. Surprisingly, there can be a "pact of silence" between classmates. Schools are perceived as being more tolerant with the aggressors than with the victims of bullying
