Organization of spontaneous rhythm of the small intestine in healthy individuals and patients with stomach and colorectal cancer.

The distribution of the main frequencies of spontaneous rhythm of the small intestine in the 12.0-8.0 cycle/min range (by the aboral frequency gradient) was studied by the electrogastroenterographic method in healthy individuals and patients with stomach and colorectal cancer before and after gastrectomy and total removal of the large intestine. Organization of spontaneous rhythm of the small intestine on an empty stomach and after mixed food load in healthy individuals and changes in this organization in patients with stomach and colorectal cancer before and after total gastrectomy and complete removal of the large intestine were evaluated. The authors hypothesize that the stomach normally coordinates the small intestinal rhythm, while in stomach cancer this coordination is impaired. Changes in spontaneous rhythm of the small intestine (both in the proximal and distal portions) were detected in patients with colorectal cancer.

Spontaneous activity of the stomach and large intestine in healthy individuals and patients with tumors before and after gastrectomy and colectomy.

We studied the distribution of main frequencies of spontaneous activity (in the range of 2-4 cycles/min) of the stomach and large intestine in healthy individuals and patients with stomach and colon cancer before and after gastrectomy and resection or total colectomy. The rhythm was recorded noninvasively (from body surface) with Ag/AgCl electrodes connected to a 3-channel portable electrogastrograph. We determined general peculiarities of rhythm formation in the stomach and large intestine in healthy individuals on an empty stomach and after mixed feeding and evaluated changes in spontaneous activity in patients with stomach and colon cancer before and after gastrectomy, resection, or total colectomy. Rhythmic activity of the stomach was coordinated with that of the large intestine in healthy individuals, but not in patients with tumors before the start of specific therapy. Multichannel cutaneous electrogastroenterography and recording of spontaneous electrical activity in the epigastric and perianal regions reflect functional relationships between the stomach and large intestine.

[Conduction blocks in the complex treatment of humeroscapular periarthritis]. / Provodnikovye blokady v kompleksnom lechenii plechelopatochnogo periartrita.

The authors propose a method of treatment of humeroscapular periarthritis by high conduction blocks of the brachial plexus by supraclavicular approach. The influence of high conduction blocks of the brachial plexus on the peripheral circulation in the upper extremities has been studied. The results of the treatment of 192 patients with humeroscapular periarthritis (mostly) with neglected forms of the disease) are presented.

[Psychotropic therapy during anesthesia in the treatment of burn patients at various stages of the disease]. / Psikhotropnaia terapiia pri anesteziologicheskom obespechenii lecheniia obozhzhennykh na razlichnykh étapakh ozhogovoi bolezni.

The efficacy of various types of psychotropic therapy was comparatively assessed in patients with burns and borderline neuro-psychic disorders. The efficacy of therapy was determined using standard uniform scales for the evaluation of the effect of psychotropic agents and by analysis of statistical indexes of the heart rhythm and respiratory pattern. Psychotropic therapy significantly reduced psychopathological symptoms and a more marked normalization of autonomous body functions was observed. It has been concluded that the most effective type of psychotropic therapy in patients with burns and borderline neuro-psychic disorders is combined use of phenazepam and amitriptyline.

[Central hemodynamics in the early postoperative period following lobectomy and pneumonectomy]. / Tsentral'naia gemodinamika v rannem posleoperatsionnom periode posle lob- i pnevmonéktomii.

Comparative study of the peculiarities of central hemodynamics before operation and in the early postoperative periods was conducted in 48 patients with lung carcinoma managed by lobe- and pneumonectomy. Lung carcinoma of central localization is characterized by increased contractility of the right-ventricular myocardium. In the postoperative period after pneumonectomy the right ventricle experiences an increased load requiring considerable mobilization of the cardiovascular system. Lobectomy is attended by more marked and less stable changes in the function of the cardiovascular system in the early postoperative period.

[Interrelation of respiratory variability and ventilatory sensitivity to a hypercapnic stimulus]. / Vzaimosviaz' mezhdu variabel'nost'iu dykhaniia i ventiliatornoi chuvstvitel'nost'iu k giperkapnicheskomu stimulu.

Breathing variability and ventilatory response to carbon dioxide (SCO2) were studied after premedication with moradol, in healthy subjects and those with acute pain syndrome. Inverse relationship between SCO2 and breathing variability was established. SCO2 was the highest in the group of patients with acute pain syndrome and the lowest in patients after premedication with moradol.

[Cardiotoxic effect of cytostatics in patients with breast cancer]. / Kardiotoksicheskoe deistvie tsitostatikov u bol'nykh rakom molochnoi zhelezy.

Clinical and instrumental (ECG, PCG, ultrasonic cardiography and polycardiography) examination of cardiac activity in 98 breast cancer patients treated at the Center after Cooper established the cardiotoxic effect of 5-fluorouracil, vincristine, methotrexate, cyclophosphamide and corticosteroids. 46% of them suffered pain in the region of the heart, tachycardia, extrasystole, atrial flutter and deranged conduction function. Congestive heart failure was observed in 7% only. In 24%, myocardial lesions could be detected by instrumental means only. They were identified on the basis of an increase in terminal diastole and systole volume and mass of the myocardium matched by a decrease in stroke volume, PCG amplitude, % delta S and VCF. Cardiac disorders did not persist and were hardly detectable during medication course intervals or one-two months after treatment.

[Bioelectric activity of the brain and glucocorticoid production in patients with hematologic malignancies]. / Bioélektricheskaia aktivnost' golovnogo mozga i produktsiia gliukokortikoidov u bol'nykh opukholiami sistemy krovi.

A parallel study of bioelectrical activity of the brain and urine excretion of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids was carried out in 107 patients with various malignant tumors of hemopoietic tissue before, during and after treatment. In all of them, electroencephalography showed excitation of the hypothalamus, the central component of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal system. Moreover, the patients revealed a significant increase in the excretion of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids that pointed to the activation of the peripheral component--the adrenal cortex. Activation of both central and peripheral components suggests that its intermediate component--the pituitary--is activated in patients with hemopoietic system neoplasms, too.

[Tumor-induced hypoglycemia and bioelectric activity of the brain in cancer patients]. / Gipoglikemicheskoe davlenie opukholi i bioélektricheskaia aktivnost' golovnogo mozga u onkologicheskikh bol'nykh.

Changes in bioelectric activity of the brain were observed in 56 patients with disseminated breast cancer which pointed to the activation of the hypothalamus. Hyperglycemia, with blood-sugar levels being 4-6 times the basal normal one, was induced in 16 patients by a single injection of glucose. As a result, a 50-80% transient improvement in electroencephalographic indexes was obtained, hypothalamic excitation subsiding and optimal indexes matching peaks of hyperglycemia. It is concluded that the said changes in the bioelectric activity of the brain in cancer patients are largely of compensatory nature and should be regarded as a response to tumor-induced hypoglycemia.