Phlebotominae Fauna (Diptera: Psychodidae) and Molecular Detection of Leishmania (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) in Urban Caves of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Sand flies are often collected in urban areas, which has several implications for the risk of transmission of Leishmania Ross, 1903, to humans and other mammals. Given this scenario, we describe the sand fly fauna of caves and their surroundings in Mangabeiras Municipal Park (MMP) and Paredão Serra do Curral Park (PSCP), both located in the urban area of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil, an endemic focus of visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis. Collections were conducted monthly from November 2011 to October 2012, using CDC light traps exposed for two consecutive nights in four caves and their surroundings. Nonsystematized collections using Shannon traps and active searches were also performed around the caves. The presence of Leishmania DNA in collected female sand flies was evaluated by ITS1-PCR. A total of 857 sand flies representing fourteen species were collected in MMP, of which Evandromyia edwardsi (Mangabeira, 1941) was the most abundant. Leishmania amazonensis was detected in Brumptomyia nitzulescui (Costa Lima, 1932) and Ev. edwardsi, with the latter also having Leishmania braziliensis, Leishmania infantum, and Leishmania sp. A total of 228 sand flies representing four species were collected in PSCP, of which Sciopemyia microps (Mangabeira, 1942) was the most abundant. No females from PSCP were positive for Leishmania-DNA. Studies aimed at describing sand fly faunas of cave environments and detecting Leishmania are essential to understanding the relationship between these insects and this ecotope and assessing and monitoring areas that may pose risks to the health of visitors and employees.

Feasibility evaluation of a mindfulness-based stress reduction program for primary care professionals in Brazilian national health system.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: In the last decades, an increasing body of scientific studies has shown mindfulness-based interventions as efficacious for reducing stress, including among primary care professionals. Despite the strength of the evidence, mindfulness-based interventions still are not widely adopted as a clinical practice in national health systems. The aim of the present study was to conduct a feasibility evaluation of a mindfulness-based stress reduction program for primary care professionals in Brazilian national health system. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A pilot mindfulness program was conducted through the course of four weekly encounters in the municipality of Biguaçu with the participation of 26 primary care professionals. Data was collected through direct observations and four self-report questionnaires. The information was used to complete an evaluation matrix and reach a value judgment about the feasibility level of the components of the mindfulness-based program. RESULTS: The subdimensions Integration, Demand, and Acceptability were judged as "Highly Feasible", the subdimension Practicality was judged as "Feasible" and the subdimension Adaptation was judged as "Lowly Feasible". The results indicated that there is a high demand for stress-reduction interventions within the context of primary care and the acceptability by the stakeholders (participants and management) was excellent. However, the two main barriers found were the need for a brief version of the program to accommodate the restrictive timetable of the primary care professionals and the low retention rates. CONCLUSION: The implementation of a mindfulness-based program for primary care professionals in Brazilian national health system was judged as "Feasible". Further studies need to conduct the feasibility evaluation in other municipalities and with larger sample sizes to ensure the generalizability of these results.

Percutaneous Radiofrequency Assisted Liver Partition with Portal Vein Embolization for Staged Hepatectomy (PRALPPS)

BACKGROUND: When a major hepatic resection is necessary, sometimes the future liver remnant is not enough to maintain sufficient liver function and patients are more likely to develop liver failure after surgery. AIM: To test the hypothesis that performing a percutaneous radiofrecuency liver partition plus percutaneous portal vein embolization (PRALPPS) for stage hepatectomy in pigs is feasible. METHODS: Four pigs (Sus scrofa domesticus) both sexes with weights between 25 to 35 kg underwent percutaneous portal vein embolization with coils of the left portal vein. By contrasted CT, the difference between the liver parenchyma corresponding to the embolized zone and the normal one was identified. Immediately, using the fusion of images between ultrasound and CT as a guide, radiofrequency needles were placed percutaneouslyand then ablated until the liver partition was complete. Finally, hepatectomy was completed with a laparoscopic approach. RESULTS: All animals have survived the procedures, with no reported complications. The successful portal embolization process was confirmed both by portography and CT. In the macroscopic analysis of the pieces, the depth of the ablation was analyzed. The hepatic hilum was respected. On the other hand, the correct position of the embolization material on the left portal vein could be also observed. CONCLUSION: "Percutaneous radiofrequency assisted liver partition with portal vein embolization" (PRALLPS) is a feasible procedure (AU)

Spontaneous pulmonary adenosquamous carcinoma in a free-living black capuchin monkey (Sapajus nigritus).

Pulmonary neoplasia is rare among wild New World primates. We report the gross, microscopical, and immunohistochemical features of a primary multicentric pulmonary adenosquamous carcinoma in a free-living black capuchin monkey (Sapajus nigritus). Herein, the spectrum of pulmonary neoplasms in non-human primates is widened and briefly reviewed.

Saúde do trabalhador em ambiente com exposição a material biológico: uma produção tecnológica / Health of workers in environment with exposure to biological material: a technological production

A presente pesquisa abordou a exposição do profissional de enfermagem que atua na terapia intensiva e o seu atendimento pós-exposição ao material biológico, tendo como objeto o atendimento que os membros da equipe de enfermagem do Centro de Terapia Intensiva (CTI) recebem após exposição aos agentes biológicos, por incidentes ou acidentes. Objetivos: Elaborar cartilha educativa acerca de exposição a material biológico e dos procedimentos preconizados no atendimento no Hospital Federal cenário do estudo; Descrever os sentimentos envolvidos e as necessidades de informação da equipe de enfermagem após exposição a material biológico no atendimento realizado no Hospital Federal cenário do estudo; Disseminar a informação acerca dos procedimentos envolvidos no atendimento dos membros da equipe de saúde após exposição a material biológico e Avaliar os aspectos relativos ao conteúdo e estrutura da cartilha educativa com os membros da equipe de enfermagem do CTI do Hospital cenário do estudo. Método: Trata-se de um estudo de caso com abordagem qualitativa, tendo como cenário o Centro de Terapia Intensiva de um Hospital Federal da Cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Os sujeitos foram 29 profissionais de enfermagem que atuam na assistência direta ao paciente internado no setor de terapia intensiva. As etapas de desenvolvimento da pesquisa foram: (1) assinatura do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido (TCLE); (2) a entrevista semiestruturada escolhida como instrumento para coleta dos dados, onde foi identificado também o perfil sócio demográfico dos profissionais entrevistados; (3) análise dos dados onde convergiram para 3 categorias; (4) construção da tecnologia educativa escolhida, no caso a cartilha e (5) avaliação da tecnologia pelos profissionais da enfermagem. Resultados e discussão: Dos trabalhadores de enfermagem que participaram, 10 profissionais da equipe de enfermagem afirmaram já terem se acidentado com exposição a material biológico (totalizando 34%). Os dados da entrevista foram agrupados em três categorias: 1-A exposição ao material biológico e suas consequências; 2 ­ O atendimento pós-exposição ao material biológico na ótica dos participantes; 3 ­ A necessidade de informação. Os resultados revelaram que os profissionais de enfermagem em sua maioria não sabem como proceder para iniciar o atendimento e se sentem inseguros quanto ao atendimento que é prestado no hospital cenário do estudo. Surgindo assim, quadro de ansiedade e medo quanto à contaminação por doenças infectocontagiosas como o HIV e hepatites B e C. Sugeriram fortemente a qualificação do profissional que presta o atendimento ao acidentado, o fácil acesso a todos os profissionais ao protocolo da instituição, bem como orientações a todos os trabalhadores quanto aos riscos reais e como proceder em caso de acidente com material biológico. Conclusão: A utilização das tecnologias educativas, como a cartilha, podem auxiliar o trabalhador da saúde, complementando a sua práxis, bem como a realização de ações de educação permanente e/ou capacitações com os profissionais é uma das estratégias fundamentais para adoção de ações seguras no trabalho em saúde

This research approach the exposure of nursing professional of intensive care and their postexposure care to biological material, with the purpose of the attendance that the members of the Intensive Care Center (ICC) nursing team receive after exposure to biological agents, due to incidents or accidents. Objectives: Elaborate an educational booklet about exposure to biological material and procedures recommended in the Federal Hospital study scenario; Describe the feelings involved and the information needs of the nursing team after exposure to biological material in the care performed at the Federal Hospital study scenario; disseminate information about the procedures involved in the care of health team members after exposure to biological material and evaluate the aspects related to the content and structure of the educational booklet with the members of the ICC nursing team of the hospital scenario of the study. Method: This is a case study with a qualitative approach, based on the Intensive Care Center of a Federal Hospital of the City of Rio de Janeiro. The subjects were 29 nursing professionals who work in the direct assistance to the patient hospitalized in the intensive care sector. The stages of development of the research consisted: (1) signature of the Free and Informed Consent Form (FICF); (2) the data collection using a semi-structured interview, where was also identified the socio-demographic profile of the professionals interviewed; (3) the data analysis where converged to 3 categories; (4) construction of the elected educational technology, in which case it is a booklet and (5) evaluation of technology by nursing professionals. Results and discussion: The nursing workers who participated, 10 professionals from the nursing team said that they had already been injured with exposure to biological material (totaling 34%). The interview data were grouped into three categories: 1-Exposure to biological material and its consequences; 2 ­ The participants' point of view about the after exposure to biological material attendance; 3 - The need for information. The results revealed that nursing professionals mostly do not know how to start the attendance and feel insecure about the attendance that is provided in the hospital setting of the study. Emerging thus, a scenario of anxiety and fear about the contamination by infectious diseases such as HIV and hepatitis B and C. They strongly suggested the qualification of the professional who provides attendance for the injured, easy access for all professionals to the protocol of the institution, as well as orientation to all workers about the real risks and how to proceed in case of an accident with biological material. Conclusion: The use of educational technologies, such as the leaflet, can help the health worker, complementing his praxis, as well as carrying out permanent education actions and / or training with professionals is one fundamental strategy for adopting safe actions in the Health work

Revisão integrativa sobre cartilha educativa: é possível o seu uso na capacitação profissional? / Integrative review of educational booklet: it is possible its use in professional training?

Objetiva analisar as produçُes cientيficas acerca da cartilha educativa, identificando seu uso em saْde ocupacional. Trata-se de revisمo integrativa que utilizou artigos das bases de dados LlLACS, MEDLlNE e BDENF através do portal BVS, no perيodo de 2011 a 2015. Os critérios de inclusمo foram artigos: publicados na يntegra, nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol, indexados nas bases supracitadas. Selecionou-se 06 artigos que foram submetidos à anلlise de conteْdo. Assim, emergiram duas categorias: 1) cartilha educativa: abordagem ocupacional 2) cartilha educativa: abordagem profissional-paciente. A cartilha educativa se mostrou um instrumento de promoçمo da saْde e facilitador do processo educativo em saْde, contribuindo para açُes que reconheçam a verdadeira necessidade da populaçمo aplicada, seja ela paciente, famيlia ou profissionais da saْde...

It aims to analyze the scientific production about the educational booklet, identifying its use in occupational health. This is an integrative review that used articles from the data bases LlLACS, MEDLlNE and BDENF per the portal BVS, in the period from 2011 to 2015. Inclusion criteria were articles: published in full, in Portuguese, English and Spanish, indexed in the above data bases. It was selected 06 articles that were submitted to content analysis. Thus, two categories emerged: 1) primer educational: ocupational approach 2) primer educational: professional-patient approach. The educational booklet proved to be a health promotion tool and facilitator of the educational process in health, contributing to actions that recognize the real need of applied population, whether patient, family or health professionals...

Su objetivo es analizar la producciَn cientيfica sobre el folleto educativo, identificando su uso en medicina del trabajo. Se trata de una revisiَn integradora artيculos que utilizan las bases de datas LlLACS, MEDLlNE Y BDENF a través del portal de la BVS en el perيodo de 2011 a 2015. Los criterios de inclusiَn fueron: artيculos publicados en su totalidad, en portugués, Inglés y Espanol, indexado en las bases de datas anteriores. Fue seleccionado 06 artيculos que fueron sometidos a anلlisis de contenido. Por l0 tanto, emergieron dos categorيas: 1) primer educativa- enfoque profesional 2) imprimaciَn educativa- enfoque profesional-paciente. El folleto educativo demostrado ser una herramienta de promociَn de la salud y facilitador del proceso educativo en salud, contribuyendo a las acciones que reconocen la necesidad real de la poblaciَn aplicado, si las profesionales de las pacientes, familiares o de salud...

Correção cirúrgica de sorriso gengival combinada com facetas diretas de resina composta / Surgical correction of a gingival smile combined with composite veneers ­ a case report

A Odontologia contemporânea ampliou seu enfoque em saúde dental e dos tecidos periodontais para a melhoria da autoestima e bem-estar social das pessoas. A Odontologia estética exerce um papel fundamental sobre estes resultados e tem sido usada em combinação com técnicas cirúrgicas periodontais, atualmente consideradas terapias plásticas do periodonto. Desta forma, é possível harmonizar a estética do periodonto de proteção (estética vermelha) com a estética dos tecidos dentais (estética branca), que envolve anatomia, posicionamento e cor dos dentes. O objetivo deste trabalho foi apresentar um caso clínico, descrevendo as etapas de planejamento e operatórias do tratamento cirúrgico estético periodontal e restaurador com facetas diretas de resina composta, em uma paciente com linha de sorriso alta e dentes curtos e escurecidos (pigmentação por tetraciclina). Após conclusão do tratamento, foi possível observar que a interação Dentística/Periodontia foi de fundamental importância para o resgate da autoestima e do bem-estar da paciente, e, consequentemente, do seu prazer em sorrir.

Contemporary dentistry has broadened its focus beyond dental and periodontal tissues to include the improvement of the selfesteem and social well-being of individuals. Cosmetic dentistry has a fundamental role on these outcomes and its principles have been used in combination with various periodontal surgical techniques, currently considered as plastic periodontal therapies. Thus, it is possible to harmonize the aesthetic of the gingival tissues (red aesthetics) with the aesthetic of the dental tissues (white aesthetics) which involves the anatomy, positioning and the color of teeth. The objective of this report is to present a case, by describing the planning and operatory sessions of the aesthetic periodontal surgery and restorative therapy, which was carried out with direct composite veneers. The patient had a high smile line, short and discolored teeth (tetracycline pigmentation). After completion of treatment we could conclude that the restorative Dentistry/Periodontics interaction was of fundamental importance to restore the self-esteem and well-being of the patient and her pleasure to smile.

Landscape structure in the Pirapó, Paranapanema 3 and 4 Hydrographic Unit, in the state of Paraná, Brazil.

The aim of this study is to characterize the Pirapó, Paranapanema 3 and 4 Hydrographic Unit, emphasizing its physical attributes and processes of use and occupation, responsible for the structure of the current landscape and the state of its water resources. The recognition of the landscape's spatial structure in the hydrographic unit and its drainage basins was obtained by integrated analysis of the main elements that compose it: geology, landforms (hypsometric and slope), soils, climate and land use. Analysis revealed that within each drainage basin several variations in the spatial structure of the landscape occur which produce an internal compartmentalization. Each compartment is defined by its own geo-ecological structure, physiognomic standards and dynamics, reflected in its potentialities and vulnerabilities and in the conditions of water resources in the wake of occupation and use over time.

Landscape structure in the Pirapó, Paranapanema 3 and 4 Hydrographic Unit, in the state of Paraná, Brazil / Estrutura da paisagem na Unidade Hidrográfica Pirapó, Paranapanema 3 e 4, no estado do Paraná, Brasil

The aim of this study is to characterize the Pirapó, Paranapanema 3 and 4 Hydrographic Unit, emphasizing its physical attributes and processes of use and occupation, responsible for the structure of the current landscape and the state of its water resources. The recognition of the landscape’s spatial structure in the hydrographic unit and its drainage basins was obtained by integrated analysis of the main elements that compose it: geology, landforms (hypsometric and slope), soils, climate and land use. Analysis revealed that within each drainage basin several variations in the spatial structure of the landscape occur which produce an internal compartmentalization. Each compartment is defined by its own geo-ecological structure, physiognomic standards and dynamics, reflected in its potentialities and vulnerabilities and in the conditions of water resources in the wake of occupation and use over time.

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho é caracterizar a Unidade Hidrográfica do Pirapó, Paranapanema 3 e 4, ressaltando os seus atributos físicos e os processos de uso e ocupação, responsáveis pela estrutura da paisagem atual e pelo estado dos seus recursos hídricos. O reconhecimento da estrutura espacial da paisagem na unidade hidrográfica e nas suas bacias foi obtido por meio da análise integrada dos principais elementos que a compõe: geologia, relevo, solos, clima e uso da terra. A análise mostrou que no interior de cada bacia hidrográfica ocorrem variações na estrutura espacial da paisagem que produzem uma compartimentação interna. Cada compartimento se define por uma estrutura geoecológica, padrões fisionômicos e dinâmicos próprios o que se reflete nas suas potencialidades e vulnerabilidades e nas condições dos seus recursos hídricos, em face das formas de ocupação e uso ao longo do tempo.

Landscape structure in the Pirapó, Paranapanema 3 and 4 Hydrographic Unit, in the state of Paraná, Brazil / Estrutura da paisagem na Unidade Hidrográfica Pirapó, Paranapanema 3 e 4, no estado do Paraná, Brasil

The aim of this study is to characterize the Pirapó, Paranapanema 3 and 4 Hydrographic Unit, emphasizing its physical attributes and processes of use and occupation, responsible for the structure of the current landscape and the state of its water resources. The recognition of the landscapes spatial structure in the hydrographic unit and its drainage basins was obtained by integrated analysis of the main elements that compose it: geology, landforms (hypsometric and slope), soils, climate and land use. Analysis revealed that within each drainage basin several variations in the spatial structure of the landscape occur which produce an internal compartmentalization. Each compartment is defined by its own geo-ecological structure, physiognomic standards and dynamics, reflected in its potentialities and vulnerabilities and in the conditions of water resources in the wake of occupation and use over time.(AU)

O objetivo deste trabalho é caracterizar a Unidade Hidrográfica do Pirapó, Paranapanema 3 e 4, ressaltando os seus atributos físicos e os processos de uso e ocupação, responsáveis pela estrutura da paisagem atual e pelo estado dos seus recursos hídricos. O reconhecimento da estrutura espacial da paisagem na unidade hidrográfica e nas suas bacias foi obtido por meio da análise integrada dos principais elementos que a compõe: geologia, relevo, solos, clima e uso da terra. A análise mostrou que no interior de cada bacia hidrográfica ocorrem variações na estrutura espacial da paisagem que produzem uma compartimentação interna. Cada compartimento se define por uma estrutura geoecológica, padrões fisionômicos e dinâmicos próprios o que se reflete nas suas potencialidades e vulnerabilidades e nas condições dos seus recursos hídricos, em face das formas de ocupação e uso ao longo do tempo.(AU)

Landscape structure in the Pirapó, Paranapanema 3 and 4 Hydrographic Unit, in the state of Paraná, Brazil

The aim of this study is to characterize the Pirapó, Paranapanema 3 and 4 Hydrographic Unit, emphasizing its physical attributes and processes of use and occupation, responsible for the structure of the current landscape and the state of its water resources. The recognition of the landscapes spatial structure in the hydrographic unit and its drainage basins was obtained by integrated analysis of the main elements that compose it: geology, landforms (hypsometric and slope), soils, climate and land use. Analysis revealed that within each drainage basin several variations in the spatial structure of the landscape occur which produce an internal compartmentalization. Each compartment is defined by its own geo-ecological structure, physiognomic standards and dynamics, reflected in its potentialities and vulnerabilities and in the conditions of water resources in the wake of occupation and use over time.

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho é caracterizar a Unidade Hidrográfica do Pirapó, Paranapanema 3 e 4, ressaltando os seus atributos físicos e os processos de uso e ocupação, responsáveis pela estrutura da paisagem atual e pelo estado dos seus recursos hídricos. O reconhecimento da estrutura espacial da paisagem na unidade hidrográfica e nas suas bacias foi obtido por meio da análise integrada dos principais elementos que a compõe: geologia, relevo, solos, clima e uso da terra. A análise mostrou que no interior de cada bacia hidrográfica ocorrem variações na estrutura espacial da paisagem que produzem uma compartimentação interna. Cada compartimento se define por uma estrutura geoecológica, padrões fisionômicos e dinâmicos próprios o que se reflete nas suas potencialidades e vulnerabilidades e nas condições dos seus recursos hídricos, em face das formas de ocupação e uso ao longo do tempo.

Erupção ortodôntica forçada para o restabelecimento do espaço biológico / Eruption orthodontic forced to restore of the biological width – clinical case report

A integridade do periodonto é fundamental para o sucesso das terapias odontológicas restauradoras em geral. É importante que o espaço compreendido entre a crista óssea alveolar e a base do sulco histológico, chamado de espaço biológico, seja respeitado, a fim de que seja mantida a integridade da união dento gengival. Existem diversas situações clínicas em que há violação do espaço biológico, tais como: lesões de cárie, fraturas dentárias, perfurações iatrogênicas e patológicas. Essa violação da união dento gengival impede que ocorra a inserção das fibras do tecido conjuntivo e a adesão do epitélio juncional à superfície do dente, causando inflamação gengival e, posteriormente, até mesmo a formação de bolsas periodontais. Como alternativas de tratamento, indica-se: realização de cirurgia de aumento de coroa clínica, extrusão ortodôntica ou extrusão ortodôntica associada à fibrotomia. Em invasões do espaço biológico nas regiões anteriores, a realização da extrusão ortodôntica apresenta algumas vantagens importantes em relação ao aumento de coroa clínica, pois oferece aumento de suporte ósseo alveolar e ótimos resultados estéticos. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi demonstrar a viabilidade da utilização da extrusão ortodôntica forçada para o restabelecimento do espaço biológico, por meio de um relato de caso clínico em que foi observado o sucesso da técnica proposta.

Bloqueio intermaxilar pela técnica de fio interdental calibroso: descrição da técnica / large wire interdental technique to intermaxillary fixation: technique note

O tratamento das fraturas maxilo-mandibulares geralmente requer a oclusão dentária como referência para uma adequada redução. Uma variedade de técnicas de bloqueio intermaxilar é descrita na literatura, mostrando suas indicações e contraindicações. A utilização de técnicas com fio de aço, barra de Erich e parafusos de bloqueio, atualmente são as mais relatadas e utilizadas. O risco de acidentes, o tempo cirúrgico, o custo e os danos aos dentes são alguns dos pontos discutidos, quando se avaliam as vantagens e desvantagens de cada técnica. Assim, procuramos descrever uma opção de técnica simplificada e eficiente de bloqueio intermaxilar, utilizando fio de aço calibroso... (AU)

The treatment of maxillofacial fractures usually requires the dental occlusion as a reference for an appropriate reduction. A variety of technique intermaxillary fixation is described in the literature, showing its indications and contraindications. The use of techniques with steel wire, Erich bar and locking screws, are currently the most reported and used. The risk of accidents, surgical time, cost and damage to teeth, are some of the points discussed when evaluating the advantages and disadvantages of each technique. So we try to describe an option of simplified and efficient technique of inter-jaw lock using caliber of steel wire... (AU)

Microbial diversity similarities in periodontal pockets and atheromatous plaques of cardiovascular disease patients.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The immune and infectious alterations occurring in periodontitis have been shown to alter the development and severity of cardiovascular disease. One of these relationships is the translocation of oral bacteria to atheroma plaques, thereby promoting plaque development. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess, by 16s cloning and sequencing, the microbial diversity of the subgingival environment and atheroma plaques of patients concomitantly suffering from periodontitis and obstructive coronary artery atherosclerosis (OCAA). METHODS: Subgingival biofilm and coronary balloons used in percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty were collected from 18 subjects presenting with generalized moderate to severe periodontitis and OCAA. DNA was extracted and the gene 16S was amplified, cloned and sequenced. RESULTS: Significant differences in microbial diversity were observed between both environments. While subgingival samples mostly contained the phylum Firmicutes, in coronary balloons, Proteobacteria (p<0.05) was predominant. In addition, the most commonly detected genera in coronary balloons were Acinetobacter, Alloprevotella, Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, Sphingomonas and Moraxella, while in subgingival samples Porphyromonas, Filifactor, Veillonella, Aggregatibacter and Treponema (p<0.05) were found. Interestingly, 17 identical phylotypes were found in atheroma and subgingival samples, indicating possible bacterial translocation between periodontal pockets and coronary arteries. CONCLUSION: Periodontal pockets and atheromatous plaques of cardiovascular disease patients can present similarities in the microbial diversity.

Paniculitis pancreática recurrente asociada a pancreatitis biliar: reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Recurrent pancreatic panniculitis associated to biliary pancreatisis: case report and review of the literature

La asociación entre enfermedades pancreáticas y necrosis de la grasa subcutánea se conoce desde 1883. En el casopresentado la paciente había sufrido de episodios recurrentes de dolor abdominal y aparición de nódulos en miembrosinferiores que fueron interpretados en consultas previas como entidades separadas. En nuestro servicio se lediagnosticó pancreatitis aguda biliar leve. A las 48 horas aparecieron nódulos cuya biopsia demostró necrosis e inflamaciónlobulillar sin vasculitis de la grasa subcutánea, con presencia de ôcélulas fantasmaö, características histológicastípicas de la paniculitis pancreática. La evolución de la paciente fue favorable, desapareciendo los nódulos luegode la resolución de la pancreatitis, no volviendo a recurrir después de la colecistectomía. La paniculitis pancreáticaconsiste en una necrosis grasa, que se presenta con poca frecuencia en patologías del páncreas de distinta naturalezay es causada, probablemente, por la acción de enzimas liberadas al torrente sanguíneo, que alcanzan diferentes órganosdeterminando manifestaciones clínicas extraabdominales. Se manifiesta por nódulos dolorosos que se localizancon más frecuencia en miembros inferiores, y que pueden preceder a las manifestaciones abdominales. Su evoluciónes benigna y el tratamiento es el de la enfermedad de base (AU)

The association between pancreatic disease and subcutaneous fat necrosis is known since 1883. In the case presented here,the patient had suffered recurrent episodes of abdominal pain and nodules in the legs that were interpreted as separate entitiesin previous consultations. In our hospital she was diagnosed as having mild acute biliary pancreatitis. After 48 hourssome nodules appeared in the legs. Biopsy showed lobular necrosis and inflammation of subcutaneous fat without vasculitis;ôghost cellsö were seen. These were typical histological features of pancreatic panniculitis. The patient had a satisfactoryevolution, the nodules disappeared after the resolution of pancreatitis, without recurrence after cholecystectomy. Pancreaticpanniculitis is a fat necrosis, which occurs infrequently in pancreatic diseases of different etiologies and is probably causedby the action of enzymes released into the bloodstream, causing different extraabdominal manifestations. It is characterizedby painful nodules that are located more frequently in the lower limbs, which may precede abdominal manifestations. Itsevolution is benign and treatment is that of the underlying disease (AU)

Paniculitis pancreática recurrente asociada a pancreatitis biliar: reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Recurrent pancreatic panniculitis associated to biliary pancreatisis: case report and review of the literature

La asociación entre enfermedades pancreáticas y necrosis de la grasa subcutánea se conoce desde 1883. En el casopresentado la paciente había sufrido de episodios recurrentes de dolor abdominal y aparición de nódulos en miembrosinferiores que fueron interpretados en consultas previas como entidades separadas. En nuestro servicio se lediagnosticó pancreatitis aguda biliar leve. A las 48 horas aparecieron nódulos cuya biopsia demostró necrosis e inflamaciónlobulillar sin vasculitis de la grasa subcutánea, con presencia de “células fantasma”, características histológicastípicas de la paniculitis pancreática. La evolución de la paciente fue favorable, desapareciendo los nódulos luegode la resolución de la pancreatitis, no volviendo a recurrir después de la colecistectomía. La paniculitis pancreáticaconsiste en una necrosis grasa, que se presenta con poca frecuencia en patologías del páncreas de distinta naturalezay es causada, probablemente, por la acción de enzimas liberadas al torrente sanguíneo, que alcanzan diferentes órganosdeterminando manifestaciones clínicas extraabdominales. Se manifiesta por nódulos dolorosos que se localizancon más frecuencia en miembros inferiores, y que pueden preceder a las manifestaciones abdominales. Su evoluciónes benigna y el tratamiento es el de la enfermedad de base

The association between pancreatic disease and subcutaneous fat necrosis is known since 1883. In the case presented here,the patient had suffered recurrent episodes of abdominal pain and nodules in the legs that were interpreted as separate entitiesin previous consultations. In our hospital she was diagnosed as having mild acute biliary pancreatitis. After 48 hourssome nodules appeared in the legs. Biopsy showed lobular necrosis and inflammation of subcutaneous fat without vasculitis;“ghost cells” were seen. These were typical histological features of pancreatic panniculitis. The patient had a satisfactoryevolution, the nodules disappeared after the resolution of pancreatitis, without recurrence after cholecystectomy. Pancreaticpanniculitis is a fat necrosis, which occurs infrequently in pancreatic diseases of different etiologies and is probably causedby the action of enzymes released into the bloodstream, causing different extraabdominal manifestations. It is characterizedby painful nodules that are located more frequently in the lower limbs, which may precede abdominal manifestations. Itsevolution is benign and treatment is that of the underlying disease

Ecological aspects of phlebotomine sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae) from a cave of the speleological province of Bambuí, Brazil.

Phlebotomines are invertebrate hosts of Leishmania genus species which are etiological agents of leishmaniases in humans and other mammals. Sandflies are often collected in entomological studies of caves both in the inner area and the adjacent environments. Caves are ecotypes clearly different from the external environment. Several caves have been opened to public visitation before any studies were performed and the places do not have scientific monitoring of the fauna, flora, geological and geographical characteristics. These events can lead to the loss of geological and biological information. Considering these aspects, this study aimed to describe the sand fly fauna, including the ecological features, in a limestone cave at the Speleological Province of Bambuí (Minas Gerais State, Brazil). A total of 8,354 specimens of sandflies belonging to 29 species were analyzed: Lutzomyia cavernicola (20%), Nyssomyia intermedia (15%), Martinsmyia oliveirai (13%), Evandromyia spelunca (12%), Evandromyia sallesi (11%), Migonemyia migonei (9%), Nyssomyia whitmani (9%), Sciopemyia sordellii (4%) and Lutzomyia longipalpis (2%). The others species represent 5% of the total. This manuscript presents data found on richness, diversity, evenness and seasonality, comparing the sand fly fauna trapped in the cave and its surroundings.

Anomalies in the sand fly Lutzomyia longipalpis (Diptera: Psychodidae) in Brazil.

Lutzomyia longipalpis is the main species involved in the epidemiological cycle of visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil. This species shows a wide geographic distribution and belongs to a group that has 2 setae in the paramere with the curved tips towards the apex of this structure among other characteristics. Morphological characters in the genitalia of phlebotomines are essential for correct identification of species. The aim of this study was to report the finding of unilateral and bilateral anomalies in the paramere of L. longipalpis males collected in Várzea da Palma municipality, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Twelve collections were made during the period April 2009 to March 2010, using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention light traps, HP model. Of the 8,832 male L. longipalpis collected, we found 6 types of unilateral anomalies and 2 types of bilateral anomalies in 0.5% of the insects collected. The anomalies were described according to number, position, and size of the setae of paramere. This information will be useful in the validation of new species.

Study of sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis areas in the central-western state of Minas Gerais, Brazil.

The transmission of Leishmania involves several species of sand flies that are closely associated with various parasites and reservoirs, with differing transmission cycles in Brazil. A study on the phlebotomine species composition has been conducted in the municipality of Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil, an endemic area for cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), which has intense occurrence of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) cases. In order to study the sand flies populations and their seasonality, CDC light traps (HP model) were distributed in 15 houses which presented at least one case of CL or VL and in five urban parks (green areas). Collections were carried out three nights monthly from September 2010 to August 2011. A total of 1064 phlebotomine specimens were collected belonging to two genera and seventeen species: Brumptomyia brumpti, Lutzomyia bacula, Lutzomyia cortelezzii, Lutzomyia lenti, Lutzomyia sallesi, Lutzomyia longipalpis, Lutzomyia migonei, Lutzomyia intermedia, Lutzomyia neivai, Lutzomyia whitmani, Lutzomyia christenseni, Lutzomyia monticola, Lutzomyia pessoai, Lutzomyia aragaoi, Lutzomyia brasiliensis, Lutzomyia lutziana, and Lutzomyia sordellii. L. longipalpis, the main vector of Leishmania infantum in Brazil, was the most frequent species, accounting for 76.9% of the total, followed by L. lenti with 8.3%, this species is not a proven vector. Green and urban areas had different sand flies species composition, whereas the high abundance of L. longipalpis in urban areas and the presence of various vector species in both green and urban areas were also observed. Our data point out to the requirement of control measures against phlebotomine sand flies in the municipality of Divinópolis and adoption of strategies aiming entomological surveillance.

Lutzomyia diamantinensis sp. nov., a new phlebotomine species (Diptera: Psychodidae) from a quartzite cave in Diamantina, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil

A new species of Brazilian phlebotomine sandfly found in Brazil, municipality of Diamantina, state of Minas Gerais, is described based on males and females collected in a quartzite cave. The body of spermathecae is continuous to the individual duct, lanky and tapering at the end, with conical shaped, not striated and presenting the head with dense setae. The male presents gonostyle with four spines and a small subterminal seta and gonocoxite with one group of persistent setae. The paramere is simple with a group of small setae on the dorsal apex. The morphological features of this new species permit its inclusion in the migonei group.