ABSTRACT
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and association of dental anomalies with different types of malocclusions and facial patterns. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the records of patients referred to the Orthodontics Department at 12-20 years of age were collected. The patients were classified into four types of malocclusion: Cl I, Cl II div 1, Cl II div 2, and Cl III, and three types of facial patterns: normal, long, and short. Fifteen dental anomalies were searched within the documents. The statistical analysis of data was performed with chi-squared and Fisher's exact test. Results: Among 602 patients evaluated in this study, 28.6% were males, and 71.4% were females. The prevalence of Cl I, Cl II div1, Cl II div 2, and Cl III was 58.3%, 28.7%, 5.5%, and 7.5%, respectively. The normal facial pattern was most prevalent (47.2%), followed by the long facial pattern (41.4%) and short facial pattern (11.5%); 60.7% of the study population had at least one dental anomaly. Dilaceration was the most common anomaly (27.7%), followed by impaction (21.8%) and hypodontia (18.9%). Most dental anomalies were found in females, Cl II malocclusion, and long face samples. A statistically significant association was found between transposition and male gender (P = 0.006) and between short roots and Cl II malocclusion (P = 0.047). No significant association was found between dental anomalies and facial patterns. Conclusion: Significant associations were reported between transposition and male gender and between short roots and Cl II malocclusion. In our population, dilaceration was the most common dental anomaly.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Commonly used medicaments in the treatment of external inflammatory root resorption (EIRR) have shown adverse effects; resulting in an increasing tendency to employ natural and/or herbal medication. The present in vitro study aimed to evaluate the effects of curcumin and aloe vera, as two natural medicaments, on the changes of pH in external root surface defects; and compare their outcomes with the results obtained from the application of calcium hydroxide, as a conventional medicament used in endodontic treatments. Materials and Methods: In the current investigation, 92 permanent teeth, with a single root canal, were randomly divided into four groups. Similar cavities were created on the buccal surfaces of roots, 5 mm from their apices. The root canals in each of the study groups were filled with curcumin, aloe vera, calcium hydroxide or normal saline. The pH was measured after 20 min (i.e. the baseline), 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days using a digital pH meter. The data were analysed using repeated-measures ANOVA and the statistical significance was set at P<0.05. Results: At the baseline, day 1 and day 7, the mean pH of both curcumin and aloe vera groups was higher than the mean pH of calcium hydroxide and normal saline groups (P<0.05). On day 14, the mean pH of aloe vera group was higher than that of calcium hydroxide and normal saline groups (P<0.05). On days 21 and 28, the mean pH of aloe vera group was higher than the mean pH of all the other groups (P<0.05). All other intergroup differences were not statistically significant at each time point (P>0.05). Conclusion: The current in vitro study demonstrated that aloe vera was more alkaline than curcumin; nevertheless, both groups exhibited more alkalinity than calcium hydroxide.
