Facile Transfer Hydrogenation of N-Heteroarenes and Nitroarenes Using Magnetically Recoverable Pd@SPIONs Catalyst.

Catalysts with active, selective, and reusable features are desirable for sustainable development. The present investigation involved the synthesis and characterization of bear-surfaced ultrasmall Pd particles (<1 nm) loaded onto the surface of magnetic nanoparticles (8-10 nm). The amount of Pd loading onto the surface of magnetite is recorded as 2.8 wt %. The characterization process covered the utilization of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), inductively coupled plasma (ICP), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) methods. The Pd@Fe3O4 catalyst has shown remarkable efficacy in the hydrogenation of quinoline, resulting in the production of >99% N-ring hydrogenated (py-THQ) product. Additionally, the catalyst facilitated the conversion of nitroarenes into their corresponding aniline derivatives, where hydrogen was achieved by H2O molecules with the aid of tetrahydroxydiboron (THDB) as an equilibrium supportive at 80 °C in 1 h. The high efficiency of a transfer hydrogenation catalyst is closely related to the metal-support synergistic effect. The broader scope of functional group tolerance is evaluated. The potential mechanism underlying the hydrogenation process has been elucidated through the utilization of isotopic labeling investigations. The application of the heterocyclic compound hydrogenation reaction is extended to formulate the medicinally important tubular polymerization inhibitor drug synthesis. The investigation of the recyclability of Pd@Fe3O4 has been conducted.

Micro and Nanoporous Membrane Platforms for Carbon Neutrality: Membrane Gas Separation Prospects.

Recently, carbon neutrality has been promoted as a potentially practical solution to global CO2 emissions and increasing energy-consumption challenges. Many attempts have been made to remove CO2 from the environment to address climate change and rising sea levels owing to anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Herein, membrane technology is proposed as a suitable solution for carbon neutrality. This review aims to comprehensively evaluate the currently available scientific research on membranes for carbon capture, focusing on innovative microporous material membranes used for CO2 separation and considering their material, chemical, and physical characteristics and permeability factors. Membranes from such materials comprise metal-organic frameworks, zeolites, silica, porous organic frameworks, and microporous polymers. The critical obstacles related to membrane design, growth, and CO2 capture and usage processes are summarized to establish novel membranes and strategies and accelerate their scaleup.

Transition-metal-based Catalysts for Electrochemical Synthesis of Ammonia by Nitrogen Reduction Reaction: Advancing the Green Ammonia Economy.

Ammonia (NH3 ), a cornerstone in the chemical industry, has historically been pivotal for producing various valuable products, notably fertilizers. Its significance is further underscored in the modern energy landscape, where NH3 is seen as a promising medium for hydrogen storage and transportation. However, the conventional Haber-Bosch process, which accounts for approximately 170 million ton of NH3 produced globally each year, is energy-intensive and environmentally damaging. The electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) emerges as a sustainable alternative that operates in ambient conditions and uses renewable energy sources. Despite its potential, the NRR faces challenges, including the inherent stability of nitrogen and its competition with the hydrogen evolution reaction. Transition metals, especially ruthenium (Ru) and molybdenum (Mo), have demonstrated promise as catalysts, enhancing the efficiency of the NRR. Ru excels in catalytic activity, while Mo offers robustness. Strategies like heteroatom doping are being pursued to mitigate NRR challenges, especially the competing hydrogen evolution reaction. This review delves into the advancements of Ru and Mo-based catalysts for electrochemical ammonia synthesis, elucidating the NRR mechanisms, and championing the transition towards a greener ammonia economy. It also seeks to elucidate the core principles underpinning the NRR mechanism. This shift aims not only to address challenges inherent to traditional production methods but also to align with the overarching goals of global sustainability.

Advancements in Biomass-Derived Activated Carbon for Sustainable Hydrogen Storage: A Comprehensive Review.

The increasing global energy demand, which is being driven by population growth and urbanization, necessitates the exploration of sustainable energy sources. While traditional energy generation predominantly relies on fossil fuels, it also contributes to alarming CO2 emissions. Hydrogen has emerged as a promising alternative energy carrier with its zero-carbon emission profile. However, effective hydrogen storage remains a challenge. When exposed to hydrogen, conventional metallic vessels, once considered to be the primary hydrogen carriers, are prone to brittleness-induced cracking. This has spurred interest in alternative storage solutions, particularly porous materials like metal-organic frameworks and activated carbon (AC). Among these, biomass-derived AC stands out for its eco-friendly nature, cost-effectiveness, and optimal adsorption properties. This review offers a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in the synthesis, characterization, and hydrogen storage capabilities of AC. The unique benefits of biomass-derived sources are highlighted, as is the pivotal role of chemical and physical activation processes. Furthermore, we identify existing challenges and propose future research directions in AC-based hydrogen storage. This compilation aims to serve as a foundation for potential innovations in sustainable hydrogen storage solutions.

A High-Energy Asymmetric Supercapacitor Based on Tomato-Leaf-Derived Hierarchical Porous Activated Carbon and Electrochemically Deposited Polyaniline Electrodes for Battery-Free Heart-Pulse-Rate Monitoring.

A simple and scalable method to fabricate a novel high-energy asymmetric supercapacitor using tomato-leaf-derived hierarchical porous activated carbon (TAC) and electrochemically deposited polyaniline (PANI) for a battery-free heart-pulse-rate monitor is reported. In this study, TAC is prepared by simple pyrolysis, exhibiting nanosheet-type morphology and a high specific surface area of ≈1440 m2 g-1 , and PANI is electrochemically deposited onto carbon cloth. The TAC- and PANI- based asymmetric supercapacitor demonstrates an electrochemical performance superior to that of symmetric supercapacitors, delivering a high specific capacitance of 248 mF cm-2 at a current density of 1.0 mA cm-2 . The developed asymmetric supercapacitor shows a high energy density of 270 µWh cm-2 at a power density of 1400 µW cm-2 , as well as an excellent cyclic stability of ≈95% capacitance retention after 10 000 charging-discharging cycles while maintaining ≈98% Coulombic efficiency. Impressively, the series-connected asymmetric supercapacitors can operate a battery-free heart-pulse-rate monitor extremely efficiently upon solar-panel charging under regular laboratory illumination.

Clarification of the Supercooling and Heat Storage Efficiency Calculation Formula for Shape-Stabilized Phase Change Materials.

It is essential to determine the heat storage efficiency of shape-stabilized phase change materials (ss-PCMs). In two published articles, the formula for heat storage efficiency is presented using two distinct equations. Using the two equations, the calculated values for heat storage efficiency revealed significant discrepancies. The outcomes cannot be compared. The evaluation of heat storage efficiency has a substantial impact on the practical application of PCMs and serves as a performance benchmark for the PCM samples that have been tested. In this paper, the correct equations for calculating the efficiency of heat storage are presented. Furthermore, it is essential to note that the methods used to calculate the supercooling value are not straightforward. Consequently, this paper clarified the correct formula and/or method for determining the supercooling value and heat storage efficiency of ss-PCMs.

Nanostructured Nickel-based Non-enzymatic Electrochemical Glucose Sensors.

Glucose detection is considered a significant area and has remained the topic of considerable attention. Remarkable technological advancements have been observed in diabetes monitoring in the past decades. This continual progress helps to track recent trends in development as well as identify challenging issues in glucose sensor construction. Thus, a comprehensive synopsis of the most recent advancements and developments in the study of nickel (Ni) nanostructure-based sensors for efficient trace-level glucose detection, following non-enzymatic and electrochemical methods, is provided in this review. Moreover, this review is intensively focused on the methodologies for the structure, morphology, preparation, and enforcement of a variety of Ni nanostructures, including Ni nanosheets with metals, Ni nanospheres with metals/mixed metals, Ni-metal nanocomposites, metal nanoparticles-decorated Ni nanowires, Ni nanoparticles, Ni-decorated metal nanotube arrays, Ni nanoneedles and nanorods with metals, nanoporous, nanoplates, nanocoated Ni with metal composites, and Ni-composed hybrid nanostructures. Various demonstrations and categorizations are provided on Ni-based nanostructures for a clear understanding for diverse readers.

Energy Conversion Efficiency Enhancement of Polyethylene Glycol and a SiO2 Composite Doped with Ni, Co, Zn, and Sc Oxides.

Doping the SiO2 support with Co, Ni, Zn, and Sc improves the thermal conductivity of a hybrid PEG/SiO2 form-stable phase change material (PCM). Doping also improves the energy utilization efficiency and speeds up the charging and discharging rates. The thermal, chemical, and hydrothermal stability of the PEG/Zn-SiO2 and PEG/Sc-SiO2 hybrid materials is better than that of the other doped materials. The phase change enthalpy of PEG/Zn-SiO2 is 147.6 J/g lower than that of PEG/Sc-SiO2, while the thermal conductivity is 40% higher. The phase change enthalpy of 155.8 J/g of PEG/Sc-SiO2 PCM is very close to that of the parent PEG. PEG/Sc-SiO2 also demonstrates excellent thermal stability when subjected to 200 consecutive heating-cooling cycles and outstanding hydrothermal stability when examined under a stream at 120 °C for 2 h. The supercooling of the PEG/Sc-SiO2 system is the lowest among the tested materials. In addition, the developed PCM composite has a high energy storage capacity and high thermal energy storage/release rates.

Recent Advancements in Electrochemical Deposition of Metal-Based Electrode Materials for Electrochemical Supercapacitors.

The demand for energy storage devices with high energy and power densities has increased tremendously in this rapidly growing world. Conventional capacitors, fuel cells, and lithium-ion batteries have been used as energy storage devices for the long term. However, supercapacitors are one of the most promising energy storage devices because of their high specific capacitance, high power density, and longer cycle life. Recent research has focused on synthesizing transition-metal oxides/hydroxides, carbon materials, and conducting polymers as supercapacitor electrode materials. The performance of supercapacitors can be improved by altering electrolytes, electrode materials, current collectors, experimental temperatures, and film thickness. Thousands of papers on supercapacitors have already been published, reflecting the significance and elucidating how much demanding such energy storage devices for this fast-growing generation. This review aims to illustrate the electrode materials loaded on various conductive substrates by electrochemical deposition employed for supercapacitors to provide broad knowledge on synthetic pathways, which will pave the way for future research. We also discussed the basic parameters involved in supercapacitor studies and the advantages of the electrochemical deposition techniques through literature analysis. Finally, future trends and directions on exploring metals/metal composites toward designing and constructing viable, high-class, and even newly featured flexible energy storage materials, electrodes, and systems are presented.

Thermally induced oxygen related defects in eco-friendly ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles for enhanced wastewater treatment efficiencies.

Herein, a simple but highly effective strategy of thermal annealing to modulate oxygen vacancies related defects in ZnFe2O4 (ZFO) nanoparticles for obtaining enhanced wastewater treatment efficiencies is reported. The as-prepared nanoparticles were thermally annealed at three different temperatures (500 °C, 600 °C and 700 °C) and their phase purity was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). All samples were found to exhibit pure phases of ZFO with different crystallite sizes ranging from 10 nm to 25 nm. The transmission electron microscope (TEM) images showed well dispersed nanoparticles and a strong correlation of grain size growth with annealing temperature was established. The optical absorption and emission characteristics were estimated through UV-visible and Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. Raman spectroscopy and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed the variation of oxygen vacancies in the synthesized samples' lattice. The photocatalytic activities of all samples were investigated and the highest efficiencies were recorded for the ZFO samples annealed at 500 °C. Under high salinity condition, the organic dye degradation efficiency of the same sample remained the highest among all. The excellent dye degradation abilities in ZFO samples can be attributed to the abundance of oxygen vacancies in the crystal lattice that slow down the recombination rate during the photocatalysis process. Moreover, cytotoxicity tests revealed that all prepared ZFO samples showed insignificant cell structure effects on Picochlorum sp microalgae, as verified by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. On the other hand, no significant changes were detected on the viable cell concentration and Chlorophyll a content. This work presents a systematic way to finely tune the crystal sizes and to modulate oxygen related defects in ZFO through a highly effective annealing approach to signify their potential in industrial wastewater and seawater treatment processes.

Palladium Nanoparticles Supported on Cellulosic Paper as Multifunctional Catalyst for Coupling and Hydrogenation Reactions.

Hallmark of a successful catalyst is its high efficiency, economic aspects, operational simplicity, extensive reusability, higher environment friendliness, and potential use in multiple industrial applications. Herein, a facile protocol involving a catalyst with Pd nanoparticles supported on cellulose paper (also known as a "dip-catalyst") for the hydrogenation of a series of quinolines, nitroarene, and C-C bond formation reactions in most benign solvents such as water is described. The mere insertion/removal of the "dip-catalyst" strip enables instantaneous start/stop of the reaction, which enhances its reusability and ease of separation of products. Cellulose paper (CP) strips decorated with Pd nanoparticles (Pd/CP) are prepared by the reduction of K2 PdCl4 soaked strips using formic acid as reductant. The resulting spherical shaped Pd particles, confirmed by scanning electron microscopy, form stable catalysis centers on the support. XRD signature confirms the crystallinity of the Pd nanoparticles and the TEM images display 15-20 nm size particles uniformly decorating CP. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicates the formation of metallic Pd. The catalyst is tested for the C-C bond formation reactions. Pd/CP catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction demonstrate >99% conversion with optimum selectivity. On the other hand, Mizoroki-Heck reaction produced 87% conversion with the reaction of 4-methoxycarbonyl phenylboronic acid and iodobenzene in ethanol:water (1 : 1 v/v) using KOH as base. The developed Pd/CP construct produces >99% of the pyridine-ring hydrogenated product on quinoline hydrogenation using tetrahydroxydiboron (THDB) as the hydrogen source. Diverse and highly reducible functional groups were also evaluated for transfer hydrogenation, which demonstrates a high efficiency in terms of both reactivity and selectivity. The used catalysts are recyclable for the multiple cycles.

Reticular-Chemistry-Inspired Supramolecule Design as a Tool to Achieve Efficient Photocatalysts for CO2 Reduction.

Photocatalytic CO2 reduction into C1 products is one of the most trending research subjects of current times as sustainable energy generation is the utmost need of the hour. In this review, we have tried to comprehensively summarize the potential of supramolecule-based photocatalysts for CO2 reduction into C1 compounds. At the outset, we have thrown light on the inert nature of gaseous CO2 and the various challenges researchers are facing in its reduction. The evolution of photocatalysts used for CO2 reduction, from heterogeneous catalysis to supramolecule-based molecular catalysis, and subsequent semiconductor-supramolecule hybrid catalysis has been thoroughly discussed. Since CO2 is thermodynamically a very stable molecule, a huge reduction potential is required to undergo its one- or multielectron reduction. For this reason, various supramolecule photocatalysts were designed involving a photosensitizer unit and a catalyst unit connected by a linker. Later on, solid semiconductor support was also introduced in this supramolecule system to achieve enhanced durability, structural compactness, enhanced charge mobility, and extra overpotential for CO2 reduction. Reticular chemistry is seen to play a pivotal role as it allows bringing all of the positive features together from various components of this hybrid semiconductor-supramolecule photocatalyst system. Thus, here in this review, we have discussed the selection and role of various components, viz. the photosensitizer component, the catalyst component, the linker, the semiconductor support, the anchoring ligands, and the peripheral ligands for the design of highly performing CO2 reduction photocatalysts. The selection and role of various sacrificial electron donors have also been highlighted. This review is aimed to help researchers reach an understanding that may translate into the development of excellent CO2 reduction photocatalysts that are operational under visible light and possess superior activity, efficiency, and selectivity.

Efficient Capture of Heavy Metal Ions and Arsenic with a CaY-Carbonate Layered Double-Hydroxide Nanosheet.

Nanosheets consisting of two-dimensional (2-D) nanomaterials made up of Ca2+ (Ca), and Y3+ (Y) cations and carbonate [CO3 2-] anions in the interlayer with a uniform thickness and lengths of around 10 µm have been successfully synthesized in a hydrotalcite layer structure, otherwise known as a layered double hydroxide, using a facile hydrothermal method. The resulting CaY-CO3 2- layered double-hydroxide (LDH) materials demonstrate outstanding affinity and selectivity for toxic transition metal ions such as Cr3+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, and Hg2+ as well as metalloid As3+. The adsorption of all of the highly toxic metal ions from the aqueous solution was found to be exceptionally rapid and highly selective, with more than 95% removal achieved within 30 min. For AsO3, a strong adsorption potential of 452 mg/g was observed at pH 7.0, which is better than most values previously reported. The distribution coefficient K d values can exceed ∼106 mL/g for Cr3+, Pb2+, and As3+, which are highly toxic. The fabricated materials have excellent chemical stability: they retain their well-defined lamellar shapes even under mildly acidic conditions.

Present Status and Future Prospects of Jute in Nanotechnology: A Review.

Nanotechnology has transformed the world with its diverse applications, ranging from industrial developments to impacting our daily lives. It has multiple applications throughout financial sectors and enables the development of facilitating scientific endeavors with extensive commercial potentials. Nanomaterials, especially the ones which have shown biomedical and other health-related properties, have added new dimensions to the field of nanotechnology. Recently, the use of bioresources in nanotechnology has gained significant attention from the scientific community due to its 100 % eco-friendly features, availability, and low costs. In this context, jute offers a considerable potential. Globally, its plant produces the second most common natural cellulose fibers and a large amount of jute sticks as a byproduct. The main chemical compositions of jute fibers and sticks, which have a trace amount of ash content, are cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. This makes jute as an ideal source of pure nanocellulose, nano-lignin, and nanocarbon preparation. It has also been used as a source in the evolution of nanomaterials used in various applications. In addition, hemicellulose and lignin, which are extractable from jute fibers and sticks, could be utilized as a reductant/stabilizer for preparing other nanomaterials. This review highlights the status and prospects of jute in nanotechnology. Different research areas in which jute can be applied, such as in nanocellulose preparation, as scaffolds for other nanomaterials, catalysis, carbon preparation, life sciences, coatings, polymers, energy storage, drug delivery, fertilizer delivery, electrochemistry, reductant, and stabilizer for synthesizing other nanomaterials, petroleum industry, paper industry, polymeric nanocomposites, sensors, coatings, and electronics, have been summarized in detail. We hope that these prospects will serve as a precursor of jute-based nanotechnology research in the future.

Biogenic Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles on a Green Support as a Reusable Catalyst for the Hydrogenation of Nitroarene and Quinoline.

Direct attachment of gold nanoparticles to a green support without the use of an external reducing agent and using it for removing toxic pollutants from wastewater, i. e., reduction of nitroarene to amine, are described. A novel approach involving the reduction of gold by the jute plant (Corchorus genus) stem-based (JPS) support itself to form nanoparticles (AuNPs) to be used as a catalytic system ('dip-catalyst') and its catalytic activity for the hydrogenation of series of nitroarenes in aqueous media are presented. AuNPs/JPS catalyst was characterized using SEM, UV-Vis, FTIR, TEM, XPS, and ICP-OES. Confined area elemental mapping exhibits uniform and homogeneous distribution of AuNPs on the support surface. TEM shows multi-faceted AuNPs in the range of 20-30 nm. The reactivity of AuNPs/JPS for the transfer hydrogenation of nitroarene as well as hydrogenation of quinoline under molecular H2 pressure was evaluated. Sodium borohydride, when used as the hydrogen source, demonstrates a high catalytic efficiency in the transfer hydrogenation reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP). Quinoline is quantitatively and chemoselectively hydrogenated to 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline (py-THQ) using molecular hydrogen. Reusability studies show that AuNPs are stable on the support surface and their selectivity is not affected.

Green emitting rare earth Gd2O3:Tb3+ nanoparticles for rapid imaging of latent fingerprint.

A series of green emitting Gd2O3:Tb3+ (Tb: 0%-10% mol) nanoparticles (NP) were synthesized using the hydrothermal method, then characterized and evaluated for latent fingerprint visualization. X-ray diffraction study (XRD) revealed a cubic structure of the nanoparticles and the total incorporation of the terbium in the Gd2O3 matrix. Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Energy Dispersive x-ray Spectrometry (EDX) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) were used to study the morphology and the elementary composition of the NP. Photoluminescence (PL) studies showed strong green emission around 540 nm due to the transition 5D4 â†’ 7F5. The luminescence color of the synthesized NP was characterized by the CIE 1931 chromaticity diagram. The potential use of the NP powders for the visualization of latent fingerprint under UV irradiation was assessed on various substrates. The latent fingerprint images revealed by the Gd2O3:Tb3+ NP powders are clear enough to extract and analyze reliable fingerprint features. The fingerprint quality was evaluated using three fingerprint quality assessment metrics and by extracting and measuring the visibility of the minutiae. The experimental results show very good quality images of the latent fingerprint acquired using the Gd2O3:Tb3+ NP and yield good minutiae extraction.

Pd nanoparticles on green support as dip-catalyst: a facile transfer hydrogenation of olefins and N-heteroarenes in water.

Chemo- and regioselective hydrogenation methods using highly green sources, particularly from metal nanoparticles on plant stem as support and water, is an intensive research area, which is highly relevant to the development of green chemistry and technology in the 21st century. Here, the synthesis and activity of a heterogeneous catalytic system (called "dip-catalyst") for the transfer hydrogenation of a series of styrenyl, unfunctionalized olefins, quinoline and other N-heteroarenes, are presented. It consists of Pd nanoparticles (15-20 nm) anchored on bio-processed jute plant (Corchorus genus) stem as the support. Pd nanoparticles were decorated on the green support (GS) jute stem by the in situ reduction of K2PdCl4 in aqueous medium at 70 °C, using formic acid as the reductant. The Pd@GS was characterized using SEM, EDS, XRD, FTIR, XPS and TEM. Elemental mapping revealed uniform distribution of Pd on the cellulose matrix of the jute stem. The catalyst was successfully applied to the chemoselective transfer hydrogenation of numerous styrenyl, unfunctionalized olefins. Its high functional group tolerance was investigated during the olefins hydrogenation in water. Furthermore, Pd@GS was capable of quantitative hydrogenation to selectively produce 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline (THQ) in water using stoichiometric amounts of tetrahydroxydiboron (THDB) at 60 °C with turn over frequency (TOF) 4938 h-1. This system is stable in water and displays excellent recyclability; it could be used for 32 consecutive cycles, without losing its original crystallinity or requiring replenishment.

Gd-Complexes of New Arylpiperazinyl Conjugates of DTPA-Bis(amides): Synthesis, Characterization and Magnetic Relaxation Properties.

Two new DTPA-bis(amide) based ligands conjugated with the arylpiperazinyl moiety were synthesized and subsequently transformed into their corresponding Gd(III) complexes 1 and 2 of the type [Gd(L)H2O]·nH2O. The relaxivity (R1) of these complexes was measured, which turned out to be comparable with that of Omniscan®, a commercially available MRI contrast agent. The cytotoxicity studies of these complexes indicated that they are non-toxic, which reveals their potential and physiological suitability as MRI contrast agents. All the synthesized ligands and complexes were characterized with the aid of analytical and spectroscopic methods, including elemental analysis, 1H-NMR, FT-IR, XPS and fast atom bombardment (FAB) mass spectrometry.

Polymer nanoparticles containing 2,4,6-triiodophenol: a potential contrast medium for medical imaging.

Contrast agents have been utilized for x-ray imaging to visualize blood vessels. Triiodobenzene derivatives are known contrast agents yet have not been formulated in a nanoparticle form for the purpose of enhancing the contrast of cancer tissues. In this study, experiments to encapsulate 2,4,6-triiodophenol in a polymer matrix were designed. Spherical NPs made of PLA, PLGA, PLA-TPGS, PLGA-TPGS and TPGS-FOL, were synthesized and characterized. Using the oil-in-water single-emulsion technique, the effect of several experimental parameters such as sonication power, ratio of 2,4,6-triiodophenol/polymer, type and concentration of emulsifier, and polymer type has been studied. A good morphology of polymer NPs with entrapped 2,4,6-triiodophenol was successfully obtained however the encapsulated iodine was in the range of 5 to 26%.

Synthesis, CP-MAS NMR Characterization, and Antibacterial Activities of Glycine and Histidine Complexes of Cd(SeCN) 2 and Hg(SeCN) 2.

The synthesis and characterization of cadmium and mercury complexes of selenocyanate of the type [(L)M(SeCN)2] are described, where L is L-Histidine (His) or L-Glycine (Gly) and M is Cd(2+) or Hg(2+). These complexes are obtained by the reaction of 1 equivalent of respective amino acids with metal diselenocyanate precursor in a mixture of solvents (methanol : water = 1 : 1). These synthesized compounds are characterized by analytical and various spectroscopic techniques such as elemental analysis (EA), IR, H,1 and C13 NMR in solution and in the solid state for C13 and N15. The in vitro antibacterial activities of these complexes have been investigated with standard type cultures of Escherichia coli (MTCC 443), Klebsiella pneumoniae (MTCC 109), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MTCC 1688), Salmonella typhi (MTCC 733), and Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC 737).