ABSTRACT
Five ingenane compounds, 1-5, kansuinins A and B, isolated from Euphorbia kansui, and their derivatives 7 and 9 were tested for termiticidal activity against the Japanese termite, Reticulitermes speratus. At 72 hours after treatment, the ingenane compounds 1 to 5 caused 100% mortality in R. speratus at 50, 25 and 12.5 microg/disk, respectively, except for compound 1, which gave a mortality rate of (93.06 +/- 5.56)% at 12.5 microg/disk. At 36, 48 and 60 hours after treatment, compounds 1 to 5 showed more termiticidal activity than kansuinins A and B and their derivatives. The kansuinins showed no or only slight activity against termites in the filter paper bioassay under the conditions tested compared with a solvent control.
Subject(s)
Diterpenes/toxicity , Euphorbia/chemistry , Insecticides/toxicity , Isoptera/drug effects , Plant Roots/chemistry , Animals , Diterpenes/chemistry , Diterpenes/isolation & purification , Insecticides/chemistry , Insecticides/isolation & purification , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Models, MolecularABSTRACT
Under the bioassay-guided method, two diterpenes, 3-O-(2",3"-dimethylbutanoyl)-13-O-dodecanoylingenol (1) and 3-O-(2",3"-dimethylbutanoyl)-13-O-decanoylingenol (2) isolated from Euphorbia kansui, showed a pronounced antinematodal activity against the nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus at the same minimum effective dose (MED) of 5 microg per cotton ball and still displayed antinematodal activity at a dose of 2.5 microg per cotton ball. Compounds 3-6 were obtained, and the structure of the new compound 6 was elucidated based on 1D- and 2D-NMR analyses and physicochemical data. Preliminary structure-biological activity relationships of ingenane-type compounds were deduced.
Subject(s)
Antinematodal Agents/toxicity , Diterpenes/toxicity , Euphorbia/chemistry , Nematoda/drug effects , Plant Roots/chemistry , Wood/parasitology , Animals , Diterpenes/isolation & purification , Models, Molecular , Pinus/parasitologyABSTRACT
Three compounds, 20-O-acetyl-[3-O-(2'E,4'Z)-decadienoyl]-ingenol (1), 20-O-acetyl-[5-O-(2'E,4'Z)-decadienoyl]-ingenol (2) and 3-O-(2'E,4'Z)-decadienoylingenol (3), were isolated from Euphorbia kansui under the bioassay-guided method. Each compound showed the same antinematodal activity against the nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, at a minimum effective dose (MED) of 5 microg/cotton ball.
Subject(s)
Antinematodal Agents/isolation & purification , Antinematodal Agents/pharmacology , Diterpenes/isolation & purification , Diterpenes/pharmacology , Euphorbia/chemistry , Chromatography, Thin Layer , Diterpenes/chemical synthesis , Indicators and Reagents , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Models, Molecular , Plant Roots/chemistry , Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization , Spectrometry, Mass, Fast Atom Bombardment , Spectrophotometry, Infrared , Spectrophotometry, UltravioletABSTRACT
By using a new bioassay-guided method, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde isolated from the root bark of Periploca sepium, a traditional Chinese medicine, showed repellent activity against the olive weevil (Dyscerus perforatus) at 62.5, 125, 250 and 500 microg/disc, respectively. In addition, it also exhibited antinematodal activity against Bursaphelenchus xylophilus at a minimum effective dose of 200 microg/ball. The three related compounds obtained were also evaluated for the above-mentioned bioactivities.