WBC YOLO-ViT: 2 Way - 2 stage white blood cell detection and classification with a combination of YOLOv5 and vision transformer.

Accurate detection and classification of white blood cells, otherwise known as leukocytes, play a critical role in diagnosing and monitoring various illnesses. However, conventional methods, such as manual classification by trained professionals, must be revised in terms of accuracy, efficiency, and potential bias. Moreover, applying deep learning techniques to detect and classify white blood cells using microscopic images is challenging owing to limited data, resolution noise, irregular shapes, and varying colors from different sources. This study presents a novel approach integrating object detection and classification for numerous type-white blood cell. We designed a 2-way approach to use two types of images: WBC and nucleus. YOLO (fast object detection) and ViT (powerful image representation capabilities) are effectively integrated into 16 classes. The proposed model demonstrates an exceptional 96.449% accuracy rate in classification.

Comparison of Effects of Mothers' and Mozart's Lullabies on Physiological Responses, Feeding Volume, and Body Weight of Premature Infants in NICU.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of mothers' and Mozart's lullabies on physiological parameters, feeding volume, and body weight of premature infants in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Methods: This study used a non-equivalent control group, non-synchronized design as a quasi-experimental study. Two intervention groups (recorded mother's lullaby and Mozart's lullaby) and a control group were formed from a total of 65 premature infants: a mother's lullaby group of 22 infants, a Mozart's lullaby group of 22 infants, and a control group of 21 infants not provided with any lullabies. Their physiological parameters included heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, and O2 saturation. The infants' feeding volume and body weight were measured as indicators related to the growth of premature infants. The mother's and Mozart's lullabies were played on a speaker in an incubator for 15 min for 7 consecutive days per group. Results: There were significant differences in the mean difference before and after intervention in neonatal heart rate (χ2 = 45.03, P < 0.001), systolic pressure (F = 43.29, P < 0.001), diastolic pressure (χ2 = 33.01, P < 0.001), respiratory rate (F = 76.06, P < 0.001), and O2 saturation (χ2 = 40.82, P < 0.001) between the three groups. The mean differences of both mother's and Mozart's lullaby groups were significantly higher than those of the routine care group in all physiological parameters, and those of the mother's lullaby group was significantly higher when compared with the Mozart's lullaby group. In repeated-measures ANOVA, there was a significant interaction between time and group in feeding volume (F = 2.46, P = 0.041). However, body weight did not significantly differ in an interaction between time and group (F = 1.75, P = 0.151). Conclusion: This study showed beneficial effects of mother's lullaby and Mozart's lullaby on physiological parameters. Especially, the mother's lullaby was found to significantly improve all physiological parameters and feeding volume of premature infants in the NICU compared to Mozart's lullaby group. Therefore, we recommend the regular integration of the mother's lullaby into supportive care of premature infants in the NICU, as this intervention highlights the need for mothers to participate in their care. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: KCT0004842 (https://cris.nih.go.kr).

Risk factors and long-term implications of unplanned conversion during laparoscopic liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma located in anterolateral liver segments.

Purpose: The impact of conversion on perioperative and long-term oncologic outcomes is controversial. Thus, we compared these outcomes between laparoscopic (Lap), unplanned conversion (Conversion), and planned open (Open) liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) located in anterolateral (AL) liver segments and aimed to identify risk factors for unplanned conversion. Methods: We retrospectively studied 374 patients (Lap, 299; Open, 62; Conversion, 13) who underwent liver resection for HCC located in AL segments between 2004 and 2018. Results: Compared to the Lap group, the Conversion group showed greater values for operation time (p < 0.001), blood loss (p = 0.021), transfusion rate (p = 0.009), postoperative complication rate (p = 0.008), and hospital stay (p = 0.040), with a lower R0 resection rate (p < 0.001) and disease-free survival (p = 0.001). Compared with the Open group, the Conversion group had a longer operation time (p = 0.012) and greater blood loss (p = 0.024). Risk factors for unplanned conversion were large tumor size (odds ratio [OR], 1.35; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05-1.74; p = 0.020), multiple tumors (OR, 5.95; 95% CI, 1.45-24.39; p = 0.013), and other organ invasion (OR, 15.32; 95% CI, 1.80-130.59; p = 0.013). Conclusion: In conclusion, patients who experienced unplanned conversion during LLR for HCC located in AL segments showed poor perioperative and long-term outcomes compared to those who underwent planned laparoscopic and open liver resection. Therefore, open liver resection should be considered in patients with risk factors for unplanned conversion.

A 10-Year Interval Study About the Sexual Life and Attitudes of Korean Women: The Korean Internet Sexuality Survey (KISS) 2014, Part 2.

BACKGROUND: Many studies on sexual attitudes and behavior have been performed to improve sexual health. AIM: To evaluate changing trends in Korean female sexual life and attitudes in an internet-based survey at 10-year intervals. METHODS: The survey was targeted toward 20- to 59-year-old women who were asked to complete the questionnaire only if they were sexually active. The survey contained 110 questions about demographic statistics, sexual life, and attitudes that were crafted based on the 2004 study. OUTCOMES: Results of the 2004 study vs those of the 2014 study. RESULTS: In total, 516 women participated in the study; the questionnaire response rate was 16.0%. The mean frequency of intercourse (FOI) per month was 3.46 ± 2.56 in 2014 vs 5.34 ± 3.84 in 2004. Women in their 20s and 30s in 2014 reported a lower mean FOI than those in 2004. There was no significant difference in the mean FOI in 2004 vs 2014 for women who in their 40s. Risk factors for lower FOI were being older, being single, and having dyspareunia. Most Korean women had positive attitudes toward sex (3.2 ± 0.6 of 5) and considered it as important (3.3 ± 0.7 of 5) as those surveyed in 2004. However, women 20 to 39 years old had less positive attitudes toward sex than in the past decade. Women in their 40s were more active and had more conversations with their partners. Of women using contraceptives, 63.8% were found to use less effective methods, such as intercourse withdrawal and the fertility awareness method. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Assessment of changing trends in Korean female sexual life, attitudes, and contraceptive methods could help to establish proper national sexual education programs and campaigns. STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS: This study was not a cohort study, because subjects in the 2014 were not identical to those in the 2004 study. Nevertheless, we applied the same inclusion and exclusion criteria for this internet survey, a suitable tool to evaluate the sex life of women, which is often considered a sensitive and private issue in Asian culture. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with the 2004 survey, young Korean women had fewer sexual relationships and had a less positive attitude toward sex. In addition, many women used less effective methods of contraception. Park J, Min B, Shin H, et al. A 10-Year Interval Study About the Sexual Life and Attitudes of Korean Women: The Korean Internet Sexuality Survey (KISS) 2014, Part 2. J Sex Med 2017;14:1142-1151.

Evaluation of the antioxidant activities and nutritional properties of ten edible plant extracts and their application to fresh ground beef.

In this study, we assessed the antioxidant efficacy and nutritional value of 10 leafy edible plants and evaluated their potential as natural antioxidants for meat preservation. We measured total phenolic content, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazil (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, and vitamin C, chlorophyll, and carotenoid contents of 70% ethanol and water extracts of the edible plants. Based on these results, we investigated the effects of butterbur and broccoli extracts on lipid oxidation in ground beef patties. Plant extracts and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) were individually added to patties at both 0.1% and 0.5% (w/w) concentrations. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) values and color parameters were tested periodically during 12 days of refrigerated storage. TBARS levels were significantly lower (p≤0.05) in the samples containing plant extracts or BHT than the non-treated control. In addition, the beef patties formulated with the selected plant extracts showed significantly (p≤0.05) better color stability than those without antioxidants. These results indicate that edible plant extracts are promising sources of natural antioxidants and can potentially be used as functional preservatives in meat products.