ABSTRACT
This study investigates the impact of inclusive leadership on diversity, climate, and change-oriented organizational citizenship behavior in hotel work. It also examines whether the diversity climate mediates the relationship between inclusive leadership and change-oriented organizational citizenship behavior. An online survey was conducted among hotel employees. It was found that inclusive leadership had a significant positive effect on the diversity climate. The diversity climate was found to have a significant positive effect on change-oriented organizational citizenship behavior, and inclusive leadership had a significant positive effect on change-oriented organizational citizenship behavior. Finally, inclusive leadership had a significant positive effect on change-oriented organizational citizenship behavior through a diversity climate. The results of this study have academic and practical implications for human resource management with respect to inclusive leadership in hotel workers' work environment according to changes in hotels' environmental factors for a new generation of employees flowing into the organizational mainstream.
ABSTRACT
This study explored the relationship between job insecurity of employees and workaholism or work-family conflict in the hotel industry in Korea. To do this, four hypotheses were proposed. First, that job insecurity will have positive effects on workaholism. Second, that workaholism will have positive effects on work-family conflict. Third, that job insecurity will have positive effects on work-family conflict. Fourth, that through the mediation of workaholism, job insecurity will have positive effects on work-family conflict. Further, eligible respondents (n = 331; 217 male and 112 female) were recruited from four-star hotels or above located in Seoul, Incheon, and Gyeonggi Province and then evaluated for a self-administered questionnaire survey. Results showed that job insecurity had significant positive effects on workaholism, and workaholism had significant positive effects on work-family conflict and mediated the interaction between job insecurity and work-family conflict. Thus, it can be concluded that hotels should improve working conditions and propose solutions, such as the moderation of workload, for preventing their workers from workaholism. In particular, hotel business managers should minimize worker's job-insecurity-induced compulsive drive to work by devising strategies for minimizing their worker's workloads. They should also enable workers to perform their jobs autonomously.
Subject(s)
Behavior, Addictive , Family Conflict , Employment/standards , Female , Humans , Job Satisfaction , Male , Republic of Korea , SeoulABSTRACT
Determining temporal and spatial variation in feeding rates is essential for understanding the relationship between habitat features and the foraging behavior of top predators. In this study we examined the utility of head movement as a proxy of prey encounter rates in medium-sized Antarctic penguins, under the presumption that the birds should move their heads actively when they encounter and peck prey. A field study of free-ranging chinstrap and gentoo penguins was conducted at King George Island, Antarctica. Head movement was recorded using small accelerometers attached to the head, with simultaneous monitoring for prey encounter or body angle. The main prey was Antarctic krill (>99% in wet mass) for both species. Penguin head movement coincided with a slow change in body angle during dives. Active head movements were extracted using a high-pass filter (5 Hz acceleration signals) and the remaining acceleration peaks (higher than a threshold acceleration of 1.0 g) were counted. The timing of head movements coincided well with images of prey taken from the back-mounted cameras: head movement was recorded within ±2.5 s of a prey image on 89.1±16.1% (N=7 trips) of images. The number of head movements varied largely among dive bouts, suggesting large temporal variations in prey encounter rates. Our results show that head movement is an effective proxy of prey encounter, and we suggest that the method will be widely applicable for a variety of predators.