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Objective:To explore the clinical application of portable head and neck magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) device in neurosurgery.Methods:A total of 213 patients with brain diseases who were scanned by portable head and neck MRI device in Center of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University from June to September 2022 were selected. The portable head and neck MRI images and 3.0T conventional MRI images of 10 randomly selected patients were compared; the differences in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of different sequences were analyzed. Thirty-one patients accepted tracheal intubation/tracheotomy, or ventilator-assisted breathing were selected as special patient group, and another 30 patients were as general patient group; the differences in comprehensive diagnostic scores of portable head and neck MRI images were compared. Noise intensity differences in different sequences between 3.0T conventional MRI and portable head and neck MRI were statistically compared. Twenty hospitalized volunteers with normal hearing in our center from July to August 2022 were selected, conventional 3.0T MRI and portable head and neck MRI were performed successively, and the noise intensity of different sequences in them was evaluated by using a 5-point system.Results:Compared with those in 3.0T conventional MRI images, the SNR and CNR of T1WI, T2WI, and Liquid attenuated reverse recovery sequence (FLAIR) sequences in portable head and neck MRI images were significantly lower ( P<0.05). No significant difference was noted in the comprehensive diagnostic scores of portable head and neck MRI images between special patients and general patients ( P>0.05). Compared with that in the 3.0T conventional MRI, the noise intensity of different sequences in portable head and neck MRI was significantly reduced ( P<0.05). These volunteers had significantly reduced noise intensity scores of different sequences in portable head and neck MRI compared with that in conventional 3.0T MRI ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Portable head and neck MRI device is easy to use, enjoying high safety, imaging quality and suitability, which meets the clinical needs for neurosurgery patients.
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Objective:To study the correlations of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) routines and biochemical indexes before ventriculoperitoneal shunt with postoperative intracranial infection in adult patients with hydrocephalus.Methods:A retrospective case-control study was conducted on 347 adult patients who underwent ventriculoperitoneal shunt in Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery Center, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University from January 2016 to December 2021. According to the appearance of postoperative infection or not, these patients were divided into infection group ( n=27) and non-infection group ( n=320). General clinical data and CSF routines and biochemical indexes test results were analyzed and compared between the two groups. The correlations of postoperative intracranial infection with preoperative levels of white blood cells, chlorine, glucose, lactic acids and proteins in the CSF were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression. Results:There was no significant difference in age, gender, or primary diseases between infection group and non-infection group ( P>0.05). As compared with the non-infection group, the infection group had significantly decreased glucose content and significantly increased lactic acid content in the CSF ( P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that glucose content ( OR=21.825, 95%CI: 4.994-95.394, P<0.001) and lactic acid content ( OR=18.430, 95%CI: 6.023-56.391, P<0.001) were independently correlated with infections after ventriculoperitoneal shunt. Risk of patients with glucose content<2.5 to develop intracranial infection after surgery was 21.825 times that of patients with preoperative glucose content≥2.5 mmol/L. Risk of patients with lactic acid content>2.5 mmol/L to develop intracranial infection after surgery was 18.430 times that of patients with preoperative lactic acid content≤2.5 mmol/L. Conclusion:For adult hydrocephalus patients without intracranial infection but only with abnormal CSF (glucose content<2.5 mmol/L or lactic acid content>2.5 mmol/L), ventriculoperitoneal shunt should only be performed after further improvement of CSF indexes to avoid increasing postoperative infection.
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@#Objective To investigate the feasibility and efficacy of carotid endarterectomy and carotid artery stenting in the treatment of symptomatic severe carotid stenosis. Methods Retrospectively analyzed 203 patients with symptomatic severe carotid artery stenosis who received CEA or CAS treatment in Taishan Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University hospital from January 2016 to December 2018,The postoperative complications,and 1 year follow-up outcomes were recorded. Results A total of 203 patients with symptomatic severe carotid stenosis were included,and they were divided into the CAS group (n=132) and the CEA group (n=71). There were no statistically significant differences in age,gender,risk factors,blood pressure,etc. (P>0.05). In the analysis of perioperative complications,there were 3 cases of neck hematoma in CEA group (P=0.017). The proportion of stroke within 30 days in the CAS group was significantly higher than that in the CEA group (P=0.034). Results Of 1-year follow-up showed that the restenosis rate of CAS group was significantly higher than that of CEA group (P=0.047). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of myocardial infarction,death and stroke. Conclusion Both CAS group and CEA group can safely and effectively treat symptomatic severe carotid artery stenosis. In terms of perioperative complications,neck swelling in the CEA group was significantly higher than CAS group,and the proportion of stroke within 30 days and restenosis within 1-year flow up in the CAS group was significantly higher than that in the CEA group.
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Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a neuroimaging technique which provides exquisite details on tissue microstructure. DTI also plays an important role in 3D reconstruction and visualization of white matter tracts and providing information about the relationship between these tracts and the tumor mass. DTI can not only guide neurosurgeons to optimize the actual surgical procedures and avoid injures to intact, functioning tracts, but also can improve the total rate resection of tumor. At the same time, it can also assist in preoperative risk assessment and postoperative functional assessment. This review is classified by different tractographies involved in brain tumors; it summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of DTI in the last decade. Therefore, this review provides new research methods and evidence for the future complex intracranial tumor treatment.
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Objective To investigate the protective effect and mechanism of active vitamin D3 on podocyte injury in type 1 diabetic rats.Methods Animals were randomly divided into normal control group (NC group),diabetic nephropathy group (DN group),diabetes nephropathy plus active vitamin D3 group (DN + VD group).Random tail vein blood glucose was measured and 24 hours of urine was collected every 3 weeks to observe the dynamic changes of blood glucose and 24-hour urine volume and urinary albumin.Rats were sacrificed at the end of 18th week,the kidney weight to body weight ratio,serum creatinine,blood urea nitrogen,serum calcium,and serum phosphorus levels were measured.Pathological in glomeruli were observed by PAS staining.Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were used to observe the expression of slit diaphragms proteins including Nephrin,Podocin,and vitamin D receptor protein VDR.The mRNA level of autophagy-related protein P62 was detected by realtime quantitative PCR,and expression of autophagy-related protein including LC3B/A,Beclin1,and P62 were detected by Western blotting.Ultrastructure of podocytes and autopbagosomes in podocytes were observed by electron microscopy.Results Levels of serum creatinine,blood urea nitrogen,and blood glucose in diabetic rats were higher than those in NC group (P＜0.05),but without significant difference between DN and DN+VD groups (P＞0.05).Compared with the DN group,the urinary protein and kidney weight to body weight ratio in the DN +VD group were significantly lower (P＜ 0.05).Mesangial matrix hyperplasia and basement membrane thickening were improved,and podocyte fusion and shedding were partially reversed.The expressions of Nephrin,Podocin,VDR,LC3B/A and Beclin1 were increased,and P62 mRNA and protein were down-regulated (P ＜ 0.05).The number of autophagosomes in podocytes increased.Besides,positive correlations were found between Nephrin and Beclin 1 (r =0.939 8,P＜0.05),as well as Nephrin and VDR (r=0.948 3,P＜0.05),and Beclin1 andVDR (r=0.9093,P＜0.05).Conclusion Active vitamin D3 inhibits the injury of diabetic nephropathy podocytes by up-regulating VDR expression and enhancing autophagy activity,thereby reducing proteinuria and delaying the development of diabetic nephropathy.
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Objective To observe the trend of temperature changes after ventriculoperitoneal shunt and its relation with postoperative infection.Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 272 patients underwent ventriculoperitoneal shunt in our hospital from January 2015 to December 2018.Patients were divided into infected group and non-infected group according to whether intracranial infection occurred after surgery.According to the occurring time of postoperative intracranial infection,patients were divided into early infection group and delayed infection group.Temperature levels of all patients were monitored on the surgery day,and on the first,yd,5th and 7th d of surgery,and the temperature changes and fever rate of the two groups were compared.Results Among 272 patients,intracranial infection occurred in 25 (9.19％),including 21 with early infection and 4 with delayed infection,and un-infection in 247 (90.81％).As compared with those in the non-infected group,the fever rate and body temperature of the infected group were significantly higher on the 3rd,5th and 7th d after surgery (P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in fever rate and body temperature changes between the early infection group and the delayed infection group on the surgery day and on the first,3rd,5th and 7th d of surgery (P＞0.05).Conclusions The fever rate is higher and the body temperature decreases faster after ventriculoperitoneal shunt.The fever since the third d of surgery is closely related to postoperative intracranial infection,which has a certain predictive significance for postoperative infection,so we should consider anti-infection treatment in time.
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Objective To investigate the effects of long non-coding RNA (SNHG1) on the autophagy and growth of human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y and their specific mechanism using a cell model of Parkinson's disease.Methods (1) After SH-SY5Y cells were cultured in vitro,the expression levels of autophagy-related proteins LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ and p62 were detected by Western Blotting at different time points and subjected to treatment with different dosages of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridine (MPP+).The survival rate of SH-SY5Y was detected by MTT assay.(2) The expression of SNHG1 was detected by real-time quantitative PCR after SH-SY5Y treated with different concentrations of MPP+ for different time durations.(3) The expression of endogenous SNHG1 in SHSY5Y was down-regulated by specific siRNA;the expression levels ofautophagy-related proteins LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ and p62 were detected by Western Blotting after MPP+ treatment while the survival rate of SH-SY5Y was detected by MTT.Moreover,SH-SY5Y cells were treated with autophagy late inhibitor bafilomycin A1 (BafA1) and autophagy inducer to further clarify the role of SNHG1.(4) The expression of p27 was detected by Western blotting after treated with different concentrations of MPP+ for different time durations.In addition,after the expression of SNHG1 in SHSY5Y was down-regulated,the expression of p27 was detected by Western blotting.Results (1) The expression of LC3-Ⅱ in SH-SY5Y was significantly increased in a dose-and time-dependent manner and the expression of p62 was significantly decreased (P＜0.05).MTT results showed that MPP+ (2.5 mmol/L) significantly reduced the survival rate of SH-SY5Y (P＜0.05).(2) Compared with the control group,the expression of SNHG1 was significantly increased in SH-SY5Y cells treated with MPP+ in a dose-and time-dependent manner (P＜0.5).(3) When SNHG1 down-regulated,the expression of LC3-Ⅱ induced by MPP+ was inhibited while the expression of p62 increased (P＜0.05).In addition,when treated with Baf A 1 at the same time,the expression of LC3-Ⅱ was increased,suggesting that SNHG1 might mainly affect the autophagosome formation of SH-SY5Y.The survival rate of SH-SY5Y cells was significantly increased after SNHG1 was down-regulated,and the cell viability was further inhibited by SH-SY5Y treated with rapamycin,suggesting that SNHG1 inhibited the growth of SH-SY5Y cells through promoting the autophagy formation.(4) The expression of p27 was significantly increased in SH-SY5Y cells treated with MPP+ in a dose-and time-dependent manner (P＜0.05).Down-regulation of SNHG1 expression inhibited the expression of p27,suggesting that SNHG1 might promote the autophagy and growth of SH-SY5Y cells through the p27 signal pathway.Conclusions SNHG1 can induce the autophagy of SH-SY5Y cells and promote death of the cells,which may be related to the regulation of p27 expression.
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Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective surgical treatment for Parkinson's disease (PD).It regulates the central neural circuit reversibly through neuromodulation,significantly improving PD symptoms.This article mainly discussed the preoperative assessment,selection of surgical targets,surgical interventions,postoperative follow-up and programming,and latest technological progress concerning DBS for PD.
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Objective To investigate the displacement characteristics of intraoperative and postoperative positions of electrodes on CT imaging for bilateral subthalamic nucleus-deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) in Parkinson's disease (PD).Methods A retrospective analysis on preoperative MR imaging,intraoperative and postoperative CT images of 35 patients with PD treated with STN-DBS in our hospital from January 2014 to June 2018 was performed.A three-dimensional coordinate system was established based on preoperative MR imaging.MR imaging/CT fusion technique was used to fuse intraoperative and postoperative CT images with preoperative MR imaging to locate intraoperative and postoperative electrode positions.The displacement characteristics of intraoperative and postoperative electrodes were analyzed.Results The spatial distance between intraoperative and postoperative positions of bilateral electrodes was about 1 mm,and the depth displacement was minimal.The postoperative position of the first side electrode on lateral axis was shifted outwardly from intraopemtive position,and the second side electrode was shifted internally with a small degree;on anterior-posterior axis,the first side electrode obviously shifted backward,and the second side electrode slightly shifted backward.For bilateral electrodes,corresponding coordinate deviation of three axis between intraoperative electrode-preoperative target and postoperative electrode-preoperative target,showed a significant positive linear correlation,therefore,leading out the coordinate deviation regression function model.Conclusions The displacement of electrodes between intraoperative and postoperative positions has obvious rules after STN-DBS in PD,which can guide the adjustment of intraoperative electrode position and predict the postoperative position of electrode.
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Objective To investigate the role of long noncoding RNA nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEA T1) in regulating the activation of microglias.Methods (1) Microglias BV2 were routinely cultured in vitro and NEA T1 mRNA expression was detected by real-time PCR (RT-PCR) after 0,0.1,0.5 and 1 μg/mL lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation for 6 h;NEAT1 mRNA expression was detected by RT-PCR after 1 μg/mL LPS stimulation for 0,6,12 and 24 h.(2) NEAT1 siRNA (NEA T1-si) was transfected into BV2,and RT-PCR and Western blotting were employed to detect the LC3 mRNA and protein expressions.(3) The BV2 cells were divided into control group,NEAT1-si group,LPS group and NEAT1-si+LPS group;RT-PCR was used to detect the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-oα) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA expressions;morphological changes of BV2 cells were observed under inverted microscope.(4) The BV2 cells were divided into control group,negative control+Torin-1 group and NEAT1-si+Torin-1 group;Western blotting was used to detect the LC3 protein expression and LC3,TNF-α and iNOS mRNA expressions were detected by RT-PCR.Results (1) NEA T1 was significantly up-regulated in LPS-stimulated BV2 cells in dose-and time-d ependent manners;significant differences were noted between each two groups (P＜0.05).(2) The LC3-Ⅱ mRNA expression in the NEAT1-si group was significantly decreased as compared with that in the control group (P＜0.05);LC3-Ⅱ/Ⅰ protein ratio (0.7) in the NEAT1-si group was significantly lower than that in the control group (1.03,P＜0.05).(3) As compared with those in the control group,the TNF-α and iNOS mRNA expressions in the NEAT1-si group were decreased;As compared with those in the LPS group,the TNF-oα and iNOS mRNA expressions in the NEA T1-si+LPS group were significantly decreased (P＜0.05).(4) LC3-Ⅱ/Ⅰ protein ratio in the control group,Torin-1 group and Torin-l+NEAT1-si group were 0.7,1.14 and 0.97,respectively;LC3-Ⅱ,TNF-α and iNOS mRNA expressions in the Torin-1 group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05);LC3-Ⅱ,TNF-α and iNOS mRNA expressions in the NEAT1-si+Torin-1 group were significantly higher than those in the Torin-1 group (P＜0.05).Conclusion Knockdown of long noncoding RNA NEA T1 could attenuate microglia activation through inhibiting autophagy,and NEA T1 maybe the key molecule for the mitigation and cure of the neuroinflammation related diseases.
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Objective To investigate the role of micro RNA-124 (miR-124) in regulating activation of microglias and secretion of pro-inflammation cytokines and its potential mechanism.Methods (1) BV-2 cells were exposed to different concentration oflipopolysaccharide (LPS) for different durations;relative expression level of miR-124 was detected by real time-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR).(2) The BV-2 cells were divided into four groups:PBS group,LPS group,LPS+ctrl-simulant group and LPS+miR-124 simulant group.Protein and mRNA expressions of inflammatory factors (tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α and interleukin [IL] 1-β) were evaluated by RT-qPCR and ELISA.Expressions of p38α,phosphorylated (p)-p38α,ERK and p-ERK were detected by Western blotting.(3) Besides the above groups,four groups were added:LPS+VX702 group,LPS+miR-124 inhibitor group,LPS+VX702+miR-124 simulant group and LPS+VX702+miR-124 inhibitor group;pretreatment with p38α specific inhibitor VX702 was given to the BV-2 cells,the latter two groups were given miR-124 simulant or miR-124 inhibitor,and LPS was used to activate the cells;the expressions of TNF-α and IL-1β were evaluated by ELISA.Results (1) As compared with control group,miR-124 was significantly down-regulated in LPS-stimulated BV-2 cells (P＜0.05),in a dose-and time-dependent manner.(2) As compared with cells in the LPS+ctrl-simulant group,cells in the LPS+miR-124 simulant group had significantly decreased TNF-α and IL-lβ mRNA and protein expressions,and p38α and p-p38α levels (P＜0.05);the ERK and p-ERK levels showed no significant difference between the two groups (P＞0.05).(3) The TNF-α and IL-1β levels between LPS+VX702 group and LPS+VX702+miR-124 simulant group were not significantly different (P＞0.05);those between the LPS+VX702+miR-124 inhibitor group and the LPS+VX702 group were not significantly different (P＞0.05).Conclusion The miR-124 is down-regulated in LPS-activated BV-2 cells and miR-124 could suppress the secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators by targeting to p38α.
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Objective The inadvertent lateral ventricle puncture is still a problem in subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) surgery,to which a solution is found in this study with a better choice of electrode angle in STN-DBS by reconstruction of the lateral ventricle and STN.Methods Forty patients with Parkinson's disease,admitted to our hospital from January 2009 to December 2015,were chosen in our study.According to the MRI data of the patients,the lateral ventricle and STN were reconstructed with mimics software;Evans indexes were measured,and the volume of lateral ventricle was reconstructed.Different lateral ventricle and STN planes were captured by using different Ring angles (50-60°,n=11),and the Slide angles of these planes were measured.The patients were divided into two groups according to their age:Group A (60-79-year-old) and Group B (40-59-year-old);their volume of lateral ventricle was measured and compared between the two groups;the correlation between age and volume of lateral ventricle was analyzed;the difference of electrode angle was compared between the two groups and the right and left side of the same group;according to the Evans indexes,these patients were then divided into three groups,the Slide angle and Ring angles were measured and the different angles between left and right brain and among the Evans groups were analyzed so as to give a recommended angle in the STN-DBS.Results Age was positively related to the volume of lateral ventricle,and left one and right volume of lateral ventricle (Pearson correlation index:0.364,0.384 and 0.362),which had statistical significance (P＜0.05).No significant difference on electrode angle was noted between group A and B of different Ring angles (P＞0.05),while significant difference was noted on right and left electrode angle between the two groups (P＜0.05).Positive correlations were noted between volume of lateral ventricle and both Evans indexes and electrode angle,and difference was noted on electrode angle in different Evans indexes groups (P＜0.05).The recommended angle was listed according to the difference of side and Evans' index.Conclusions Age is positively related to volume of lateral ventricle,however,the correlation between age and angle is not clear.Considering the difference of sides and Evans' index,we make a list of Ring and Slide angles as recommendation for deep brain stimulation.
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Objective To explore the mechanism of apoptosis after cryotherapy on tumors.Methods (1) GL261 glioma cells (1×107 cell/10 μL) were injected into the subcutaneous one ofC57 mice to establish tumor-bearing mouse models;when the diameter of tumor reached to 15-20 mm,the mice were randomly divided into cryogenic treatment group and sham-operated group (n=1 0);mice in the cryogenic treatment group were given surgical cryotherapy,while those in the sham-operated group only performed surgery without cryotherapy.TUNEL was used to detect the cell apoptosis in glioma tissues 12 and 24 h after operation;and Western blotting was employed to detect the protein expressions of pro-caspase-8,pro-caspase-9 and poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP).(2) GL261 glioma cells were divided into control group and one time cryogenic release group,and DMEM and one time of cryogenic release were given to the two groups,respectively;12 h after the treatment,TUNEL was used to observe the cell apoptosis in glioma tissues,and Western blotting was employed to detect the protein expressions.Results (1) TUNEL indicated that the cells in the S1 region of the glioma tissues from mice in the cryogenic treatment group were uniformly died;significant apoptosis was noted in cells of the S2 region at 12 h after treatment;while,24 h after treatment,S1 region still showed uniform necrosis,S2 region showed apoptotic regression,and S3 region showed new apoptosis at the target side.Western blotting indicated that pro-caspase-9 and PARP protein expressions at the S2 region were signficantly decreased as compared with those at the S1,S3 and S4 regions (P＜0.05),and pro-caspase-8 protein expression at the S3 region were signficantly reduced as compared with those at the S1,S2 and S4 regions in the cryogenic treatment group (P＜0.05).(2) TUNEL showed that significantly increased GL261 glioma cell apoptosis rate was noted in the one time cryogenic release group as compared with that in the control group (P＜0.05);Western blotting indicated that as compared with the control group,the cryogenic release group had significantly decreased pro-caspase-8 and pro-caspase-9 expressions (P＜0.05).Conclusion Cryogenic release or substances released from tumor tissues after cryoablation shows an effect on promoting apoptosis.
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OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the mechanism.@*METHOD@#We isolate the mouse bone marrow cells and cultured with rGM-CSF and rIL-4 to stimulate bone marrow cells to transfer to immature dendritic cells. And then the immature dendritic cells were costimulated with ILPS and different concentrations of Bimingan Granule.@*RESULT@#MHC II, CD80, CD86 were detected by flow cytometer and TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6 and IL-10 were quantified by ELISA.@*CONCLUSION@#Our results showed that Bimingan Granule may significantly inhibit the differentiation of immature dendritic cells to mature dendritic cells.
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Animals , Mice , Cell Differentiation , Cells, Cultured , Dendritic Cells , Allergy and Immunology , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Pharmacology , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Rhinitis, Allergic , Drug Therapy , Allergy and ImmunologyABSTRACT
Objective To explore the value ofintraoperative CT (iCT) in endoscopic endonasal surgery for pituitary adenomas.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted in the clinical data of 37 patients with pituitary adenomas performed endoscopic endonasal surgery with assistance of iCT in our hospital from November 2012 to June 2013.The influences of iCT on surgical process and results were analyzed.Results Intraoperative scanning was performed 1 to 3 times in each patient,averaging 1.43 times.The scanning time was only 50-60 s.Among the 37 patients,iCT revealed residual tumor in 11,9 of which underwent further resection with total removal in 6 and subtotal in 3,and the tumors in the other two patients were unable to be resected because the adenomas were tenacious and adhered closely to the internal carotid artery.Finally,the rate of gross total removal increased from 70.3％ to 86.5％,rising by 16.2％.No iCT related complications and severe surgical complication occurred.Conclusion The application of iCT in endoscopic endonasal surgery for pituitary adenomas provides objective evidence for the guidance of surgical procedure and real-time judgment of surgical results,which not only leads to higher percentage of tumor removal but also eliminates the unnecessary blind surgical manipulation to increase the safety of the operation.
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Objective To measure the parameters of the specific electrode trajectory angles under the condition that the trajectory length in the nuclei could be as long as possible by using 3D reconstruction of subthalamic nucleus (STN).Methods A 3D atlas of deep brain nuclei was built on the 3D reconstruction station,and the parameters of STN were measured.MR imaging of 30 Parkinson's disease (PD) patients was matched to the 3D atlas to acquire the average nucleus information.Results The STN spatial location parameters showed no significant statistical difference with imaging of these 30 patients (95％ confidence interval of difference value＜l),indicating that this 3D atlas enjoyed good representative value.After simulation,the optimal trajectory angles were achieved:the combination angles ofring/slide:55°-57°/17°-19°,which extended the trajectory within the nucleus to about (5.7±0.3)mm.Conclusion The 3D atlas shows high representative of locating deep brain nucleus and could be registrated well to particular patient's images.After simulation on the atlas,the optimal trajectory angles parameters can be obtained,which shows the specific operation of achieving longer length of electrode in nucleus.
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Objective To explore the expressions ofmiR-124* and laminin-8 in different grades of human gliomas,and analyze the potential regulatory relationship between them.Methods Thirty human glioma specimens of different stages and two healthy brain tissues,collected in our hospital from January 2011 to December 2012,were used in our study; Western blotting was performed to detect the laminin-8 and miR-124* protein expressions; plasmid vectors carried psiCHECKTM-2-wild-type (WT) laminin β1 chain 3 'untranslated region (3'UTR) and psiCHECKTM-2-mutant (MUT) laminin β1 chain 3'UTR were established,and they were,respectively,co-transfected with the miR-124* mimics,negative control ofmiRNA mimics,miR-124* inhibitors,negative control ofmiRNA inhibitors into the U87 cells;besides,cotransfection with psiCHECKTM-2 into U87 cells was used as blank control group; the fluorescence intensity of each group was determined by dual-luciferase assay 48 h after the cotransfection.Dual-luciferase assay was developed to verify the regulatory effects ofmiR-124* on laminin-8.The nu/nu nude mice were given subcutaneous injection of U87 cells to establish giloma animal models; the expression of β1 chain-containing laminin-8 protein was detected in gliomas by Western blotting; the expression of vascular endothelial cell marker CD31 was observed by immunohistochemical staining.Results Western blotting showed high expressions of laminin-8 protein in high-grade gliomas (WHO grade Ⅲ/ⅣV),but low expressions in low-grade gliomas (WHO grade Ⅰ/Ⅱ); real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR showed that the expression of miR-124* in high-grade gliomas was significantly lower than that in low-grade gliomas.Dual-luciferase assay confirmed that fluorescence intensity of U87 cells carried psiCHECKTM-2-WT laminin β1 chain 3'UTR and miR-124* mimics (2.13±0.25) was significantly weaker than that of cells carried psiCHECKTM-2-WT laminin β1 chain 3'UTR and negative control of miRNA mimics (2.71±0.08,P＜0.05); that of those carried psiCHECKTM-2-MUT laminin β1 chain 3'UTR and miR-124* inhibitors (3.18 ±0.22) was significantly stronger than those carried,psiCHECKTM-2-MUT laminin β1 chain 3'UTR and negative control of miRNA inhibitors (2.70±0.17,P＜0.05).The animal model results indicated the laminin-8 and CD31 expressions in miR-124* treatment group were obviously lower than those in control group.Conclusion MiR-124*,which can affect the malignant degrees of human gliomas through playing its negative regulation role in laminin-8 expression,maybe a target gene for the diagnosis and therapy of gliomas.
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Objective To investigate an approach for locating the operation target of deep brain stimulation (DBS) (subthalamic nucleus,STN) based on the center of the red nucleus (RN).Methods Sixteen adults,including 8 with Parkinson' s disease (PD) and 8 from healthy volunteers,collected in our hospital from September 2012 to September 2013,were chosen; transverse T2-weighted MRI (3.0T) was performed.On the layer of the RN's maximum diameter,a right triangle was formed by three lines:the first one (marked as line AB) was the acknowledged 12 mm line,the second one (marked as line AC) was connected by the operation target and the RN center,and the third one (marked as line BC) was connected by the anterior commissure (AC) and posterior commissure (PC).The angle (marked as α) formed by the AC-PC plane and line AC and the length of the line BC (marked as b) were measured and analyzed.Results The average length of the RN diameter in 16 adults was (0.93±0.05) cm in the left cerebral hemisphere and (0.92±0.03) cm in the right.The length of line b was (0.81 ±0.09) cm in the left and (0.82±0.06) cm in the right.The angle α was (56.76±2.87)° in the left and (55.98±2.30)° in the right.The RN diameter,length of line b and angle α in patients from PD group showed no significant differences as compared with those in the normal controls (P＞0.05).Conclusion The RN center can be used for indirectly locating STN before DBS for PD treatment.
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BACKGROUND:Crainocerebral missile wound (CMW) is the common severe trauma of war. Environmental factor is the important factor that aggravates the development of sickness and threatens the life of the sick and wounded at early stage. The study on basic theory and treatment of CMW under hyperthermia and high-humidity is the major task in military medicine.OBJECTIVE: To observe the characters of bacterial growth in wound cavity and peripheral tissue after CMW in cats under hyperthermia and high-humidity so as to provide the reference data to the tissue repair and its functional recovery in CMW.DESIGN: Randomized controlled experiment.SETTING: Surgery Department of Neurology in Zhujiang Hospital affiliated to Southern Medical University(First Military Medical University).MATERIALS: The experiment was performed in Department of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene in Southern Medical University from April to May 2003. In the experiment, 24 hybrid cats were employed, of clean grade, of either sex, body-weighted (2.5±0.2) kg, provided from Experimental Animal Center of Southern Medical University. The animals were randomized into 4 groups, named the control at common temperature (5 cats), common temperature group (8 cats), hyperthermia and high-humidity group (8 cats) and blank control (3 cats).METHODS: After weighted, the cat was injected abdominally with 30 g/L pentobarbitol sodium solution at 30 mg/kg. After successful establishment of craniocerebral blindgut wound model, in common temperature group, the cats were placed in simulated climatic cabin at 25 ℃ and 50% relevant humidity for 6 hours and in hyperthermia and high-humidity group, the cats were placed in the hyperthermia and high-humidity environment for 6 hours. With biopsy, the fragmented brain tissue in wound tract and the brain tissue on the wall of wound tract far from 0-5 mm and 5-10 mm were collected and preparedinto successively natural solution and homogenate, and counting was done in 24 hours of bacterial culture to calculate bacterial content in wound cavity and peripheral tissue. In blank control, the cats were sacrificed with anesthesia and the material was collected directly, the rest steps were same as the control at common temperature.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Bacterial content in wound cavity and peripheral tissue in each group.RESULTS: Totally 23 animals were employed in outcome analysis. Bacterial contents in same regions were different remarkably in different groups (F=171.423, P=0.000). It was indicated in paired comparison that significant difference happens between the control at common temperature, common temperature group and hyperthermia and high-humidity group and blank control successively (P ＜ 0.01). The difference was not significant in the comparison among the control at common temperature, common temperature group and hyperthermia and high-humidity group (P ＞ 0.05). Bacterial contents at different distances from the wound cavity were different remarkably in each group (F=14.865, P = 0.000).CONCLUSION: Hyperthermia and high-humidity does not impact significantly the bacterial growth of CMW in 6 hours and bacterial reproduction has not entered high-rate increasing stage yet, due to which, it is still safe for debridement repair.
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Objective:To investigate the curative effect of electroacupuncture on urine retention following cervical cancer operation. Methods: A treatment group was treated with electroacupuncture according to classification based on syndrome differentiation and a control group, by a conventional method. One course of treatment consisted of 5 days. Results: The curative rate and cure rate were 96.67% and 76.67%, respectively, in the treatment group and 70% and 36.67%, respectively, in the control group. There were significant differences in curative rate and cure rate between the two groups (P＜0.01). Conclusion:Electroacupuncture is a good method for treating urine retention subsequent to cervical cancer operation.