[Multi-media computer-based chart: modern tool of clinical record keeping]. / Komp'iuternaia multimediinaia istoriia bolezni--sovremennyi instrument vedeniia klinicheskikh protokolov.

AIM: To design the program of computer multimedia case history (MCH) for collection, storage and analysis of information about the patient including diagnostic images; to test MCH for application in telemedical consulting and control over valid conduction of the treatment protocol. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Brief representation of information is reached by integrated multilevel placement of the data on common time axis. Dynamics of the selected parameters is represented as normalized diagrams in the same system axes. Electron tables are filled either by hand or import of the data from individual electron file of all the information about the patient. Diagnostic images and conclusions are obtained from local computer bases of the diagnostic units. Inexpensive commonly used computers allows one to input digital micro- and macrophotos, x-ray images, etc. Monitor information is available from the universal computer net directly from the monitors Geolink-M. RESULTS: MCH was tested in the Hematological Research Center of RAMS. In cooperation with Bryansk diagnostic center N 1 telemedical consulting and some data bases were perfected. The MCH system joints routine activity of the clinic without any problems raising quality of the patients management, facilitating the access to therapeutic and diagnostic information and its analysis. On-line breaking the limits of the controlled parameters and protocols is detected automatically. These events are emphasized by "blocking questions" which must be worked out by the user. The information on the patient can be fully stored on CD-ROM in line with the MCH program providing organization of the data. CONCLUSION: The system is introduced which collects medical information from various sourses and builds up comprehensive representation of the data on the same time axis. The system provides control over implimintation of the protocols of the patients' management, gives a convenient access to medical information, ensures its reliable storage and availability in case of the patients transfer to other medical institutions, facilitates analysis of clinical cases, conduction of medical consulting.

[Problems uniting biology, physics, and mathematics. Ideas in the new science]. / Problemy, ob''ediniaiushchie biologiiu, fiziku i matematiku. Idei novoi nauki.

The necessity of launching a new field of science that combines biology, physics, and mathematics for an adequate description of natural-science systems (khaimatika) is substantiated.

[The clinico-hematological indices of the participants in the cleanup of the aftermath of the Chernobyl accident]. / Kliniko-gematologicheskie pokazateli uchastnikov likvidatsii posledstvii Chernobyl'skoi avarii.

Clinicohematological investigations and cytogenetic analysis of blood lymphocytes were made 5-7 years after the Chernobyl accident in 201 liquidators who had worked in the radionuclide-contaminated zone. Among the somatic diseases found in the examinees statistically more prevalent were cardiovascular and gastrointestinal affections, asthenic syndrome, thyroid disorders. Hemograms presented a rise in hemoglobin, red cell and eosinophil content, a drop in the number of neutrophils. A tendency to erythrocytosis was observed in 20.3% of the wreckers. Dicenters and rings were abundant in the lymphocytes of 69% of the cytogenetically examined examinees 5-7 years after the exposure to radiation.

[Cumulative radiation dosage and epidemiological research in the Chernobyl region]. / Dozy radiatsionnykh nagruzok i épidemiologicheskie issledovaniia v Chernobyl'skom regione.

Individual biological dosimetry covering chromosomal analysis and electronic paramagnetic resonance spectrometry has been performed in 1300 subjects exposed to ionizing radiation after the Chernobyl accident. Cumulative radiation doses above 40 ImC were registered in 5%, about 100 ImC in 1% of the examinees. In 1% of cytogenetic investigations there appeared multiaberrant cells indicative of hot particle incorporation. Regional epidemiologists do not record changes in the incidence of hematological diseases. This may be explained by a small percent of the dose carriers, rare occurrence of hematological disorders and the time of radiation-induced oncogenic effects. The above representative group exposed to definite radiation doses may serve the subject of epidemiological surveys on the role of low-dose and low-rate radiation in pathogenesis of human diseases.

[Determining the accumulated dose of gamma radiation in the tooth enamel]. / Opredelenie nakoplennoi dozy gamma-izlucheniia po émali zuba.

Following ideas of Japanese and Canadian scientists the authors tried to develop practical application of dental enamel for dosimetry of gamma-radiation accumulated by an individual. Human teeth were irradiated in vitro with gamma-rays of 60Co and with x-rays, and the amount of free radicals in ++non-caries enamel was measured on an ESR spectrometer. Linear regression ESR signals on dose of radiation within an interval of 0.1-20 Gy were plotted for gamma- and x-rays with regression coefficients 0.276 and 0.693, respectively. These regressions were used for estimation of accumulated doses of gamma-radiation in 85 residents of Byelorussia and 301 residents of the Tomsk region during investigation of teeth that were removed in normal dental practice.

[Effect of oxidative phosphorylation inhibitors and uncoupling agents on cAMP activity]. / Vliianie ingibitorov i razobshchitelei okislitel'nogo fosforilirovaniia na deistvie tsAMF.

Uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation increased the speed of substrate oxidation and ATP hydrolysis and raised cAMP induced neuron membrane current. Different inhibitors decreased it. Both effects support the hypothesis that a signal of intracellular injected cAMP spreads to the neuron membrane as a mechanical signal. This signal propagated to the membrane along microtubules which according to this hypothesis serve as a sound generator with metabolic heat pumping.

[Apheresis of euglobulins, cryoglobulins and the von Willebrand factor in vasculitis]. / Aferez éuglobulinov, krioglobulinov, faktora Villebranda pri vaskulitakh.

A method of apheresis of plasma euglobulin fraction, cryoglobulins and Willebrand factor was developed. In one session of plasmapheresis 1500-1700 ml of patient's plasma were removed, fractionated and returned. The method was used in 2 patients with immune complex vasculitides. In one of them the disease developed against a background of chronic active hepatitis, in the other patient it manifested itself in cryoglobulin- and cryofibrinogenemia. Clinical improvement was noted in both cases: the absence of myalgia, arthralgia, hemorrhagic eruption, and ulcerative-necrotic skin changes. The normalization of increased ristomycin-cofactor activity of Willebrand factor and CIC levels was noted in one case. A decrease in the content of plasma cryoglobulins, cryofibrinogen, and urine protein concentration (from 1.5 up to 0.03%) was noted in the other case. A possibility of the use of the method in other pathological conditions (DIC-syndrome, unstable angina, atherosclerotic angiopathy) accompanied by endothelial damage, was discussed. Willebrand factor multimers form complexes with low density lipoproteins therefore the removal of these complexes may be useful in the treatment of hypercholesteremia and atherosclerosis.

[The role of the electromechanical and reaction-diffusion system of intraneuronal information processing in brain function]. / Rol' élektromekhanicheskoi i reaktsionno-diffuzionnoi sistemy vnutrineironnoi pererabotki informatsii v rabote mozga.

The experimental data of previous papers are considered as a basis for the hypothesis about intraneuronal system controlled by cyclic nucleotides and changing the membrane permeability upon creating the generatory potential. This system is suggested to be an extremal molecular regulator in which the price of action per single operation approximates the physical limit. The electro-mechanical intraneuronal system is capable of solving multidimensional physical problems by means of molecular "digital" hypersound holo-gram coded by DNA molecular text which is an image of functions of target search.

[Intraneuronal information processing. An increase in sodium and decrease in potassium permeability after injection of cyclic nucleotide and mechanical stimulation of the neuron]. / Vnutrineironnaia pererabotka informatsii. Uvelichenie natrievoi i umen'shenie kalievoi pronitsaemosti pri in''ektsii tsiklicheskogo nukleotida i mekhanicheskom razdrazhenii neirona.

In voltage clamp experiments the ionic permeability mechanism of the neuron soma evoked by the injection of cyclic nucleotides can be estimated only by studying the reversal potential. The value of this potential allows to conclude that permeability is mainly increased by opening potential independent sodium channels. A delay of ionic current evoked by cyclic nucleotides is tenfold less than the time of cAMP diffusion to the membrane. This leads to a hypothesis about the cyclic nucleotide dependent mechanical opening of sodium channels.

[Intraneuronal information processing. Delay in the changes in membrane potential after administration of cyclic nucleotides]. / Vnutrineironnaia pererabotka informatsii. Zaderzhka izmeneniia membrannogo potentsiala posle vvedeniia tsiklicheskikh nukleotidov.

Depolarization of the neuron membrane induced by cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) was shown both by ionophoresis and by injection with pressure. Swelling of the neuron during the injection of various substances with pressure causes membrane depolarization which is similar to that induced by cAMP. When applying pressure the cAMP effect can be distinguished by introducing small volumes of concentrated solutions. Similarity between the effects of cAMP and mechanical stimulation of the neuron suggests that in both cases the effect involves action of the electromechanical system consisting of microskeleton and micromuscles which regulate permeability of molecular channels. The delay of the effect after the moment of cAMP and cGMP introduction is small, which enables a conclusion concerning their direct interaction with the cytoskeleton.