ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of a three-in-one injection comfort system (ICS) and 10 percent lidocaine pump spray in reducing injection pain in children. METHODS: Fifty eight- to 12-year-old children treated at a university pediatric dental clinic participated in this study. The Children's Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale was used to select nonanxious children to participate. Contralateral tooth pairs were treated in two separate visits with random use of either ICS or lidocaine pump spray. The pain perception levels were assessed with heart rate changes, the Modified Behavioral Pain Scale (MBPS), and the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale (WBFPRS). At the end of the second visit, children's preferences were noted. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests were performed to compare the results. RESULTS: No significant differences were found between the two groups in the MBPS and WBFPRS scores, and mean heart rate changes (P>.05). However, 68 percent of the children preferred ICS. CONCLUSIONS: Both ICS and 10 percent lidocaine pump spray presented the same efficacy in reducing injection pain.
Subject(s)
Anesthesia, Dental/methods , Anesthetics, Local/administration & dosage , Carticaine/administration & dosage , Lidocaine/administration & dosage , Administration, Topical , Child , Cross-Over Studies , Epinephrine/administration & dosage , Female , Heart Rate , Humans , Injections/instrumentation , Male , Pain Management , Pain Measurement , Pain Perception , Patient Preference , TurkeyABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to compare the shear bond strengths of various adhesive systems to white mineral trioxide aggregate (WMTA) with different time intervals. METHODS: Two hundred cylindrical acrylic blocks with a hole (4-mm diameter and 2-mm height) were prepared. The holes were filled with WMTA, and the specimens were allocated into 5 groups. Forty specimens were stored for 4, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours at 37°C and 100% humidity. Each group was divided into 4 subgroups: group 1, All-Bond SE (Bisco Inc, Schaumburg, IL); group 2, All-Bond 3 (Bisco Inc); group 3, One-Step Plus (Bisco Inc); and group 4, control. After the application of adhesive systems, composite resin (Aelite, Bisco) was applied over the WMTA. Shear bond strengths were measured using a universal testing machine, and the data were subjected to 1-way analysis of variance and the Scheffé post hoc test. RESULTS: There was a significant difference between the 4-, 24-, 48-, 72-, and 96-hour measurements in all of the adhesive systems (P < .001). Among all time intervals, group 3 showed significantly higher bond strengths to WMTA than the other groups (P < .001). Groups 1 and 2 were similar (P = .365). CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that if a longer waiting time can be practiced after the mixing of WMTA, higher shear bond strength measurements can be obtained. Also, when WMTA was used with total-etch adhesive systems, it showed better shear bond strength.
Subject(s)
Aluminum Compounds/chemistry , Calcium Compounds/chemistry , Dental Bonding , Oxides/chemistry , Resin Cements/chemistry , Root Canal Filling Materials/chemistry , Silicates/chemistry , Acid Etching, Dental/methods , Adhesiveness , Composite Resins/chemistry , Dental Materials/chemistry , Dental Stress Analysis/instrumentation , Dentin-Bonding Agents/chemistry , Drug Combinations , Glycerides/chemistry , Humans , Humidity , Materials Testing , Methacrylates/chemistry , Shear Strength , Stress, Mechanical , Surface Properties , Temperature , Time FactorsABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: This study evaluated the efficiency of a nanotechnology liquid polish system on the surface roughness of two different types of nano resin composites. METHODS AND MATERIALS: The resin composite materials tested in this study were Ceram-X (Dentsply) and Clearfil Majesty Esthetic (Kuraray). Forty standard samples of each resin composite material were prepared and stored in artificial saliva at 37 degrees C for one week. The samples of each material were randomly assigned to one of four test groups (n = 10) and contoured with carbide burs, except for Group 1 (control). Group 2 was treated with aluminum oxide-impregnated polymer points (Enhance Finishing System, Dentsply), followed by diamond-impregnated micropolishing points (PoGo, Dentsply); whereas Group 3 was treated with only a nanotechnology liquid polish system (Lasting Touch, Dentsply) and Group 4 was treated with aluminum oxide-impregnated polymer points and diamond-impregnated micropolishing points, then the nanotechnology liquid polish system. Surface roughness values (Ra) of all samples were obtained with an optical pro-filometer. The difference between the groups was assessed with one-way analysis of variance and the Kruskal Wallis test. RESULTS: All finishing and polishing techniques created statistically rougher surfaces than the control group (p < 0.001). The lowest Ra values were detected in Group 4, although significant differences were not found between Groups 2 and 4 (p > 0.001) independent of the type of resin composites. CONCLUSION: With the combination of finishing and polishing procedures, a nanotechnology liquid polish application may provide a more glossy surface for resin composite restorations.
Subject(s)
Composite Resins/chemistry , Dental Materials/chemistry , Dental Polishing/methods , Nanocomposites/chemistry , Nanostructures/chemistry , Aluminum Oxide/chemistry , Carbon/chemistry , Dental Polishing/instrumentation , Diamond/chemistry , Equipment Design , Humans , Materials Testing , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Nanotechnology , Saliva, Artificial/chemistry , Surface Properties , Temperature , Time FactorsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the clinical and radiographic success rates of 3 pulpotomy techniques: formocresol, calcium hydroxide, and calcium hydroxide/iodoform. STUDY DESIGN: The pulpotomies were performed by fifth-year undergraduate dental students. Members of senior staff at the clinics supervised all of the procedures. Informed consent was obtained from each child's parents. The teeth were randomly assigned to the experimental (calcium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide/iodoform) or control (formocresol) groups. After coronal pulp removal and hemostasis, remaining pulp tissue was covered with calcium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide/iodoform paste in the experimental groups. In the control group, formocresol was placed with a cotton pellet over the pulp tissue for 5 minutes and removed; the pulp tissue was then covered with zinc oxide-eugenol. All teeth were restored with stainless-steel crowns. Clinical and radiographic successes and failures were recorded at 1-, 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups by the authors. Data were statistically analyzed using chi-squared tests. RESULTS: The follow-up evaluations revealed that the clinical success rates were 89.7% for formocresol, 33.3% for calcium hydroxide, and 17.2% for calcium hydroxide/iodoform. The radiographic success rates were 89.7% for formocresol, 33.3% for calcium hydroxide, and 13.8% for calcium hydroxide/iodoform. CONCLUSIONS: Formocresol was superior to calcium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide/iodoform pastes for primary molar pulpotomies. Internal resorption was the most common radiographic failure in all 3 pulpotomy techniques.
