The proteomic and particle composition of human platelet lysate for cell therapy products.

Following health agencies warning, the use of animal origin supplements should be avoided in biological products proposed as therapy in humans. Platelet lysate and several other growth factors sources are alternatives to replace fetal calf serum, the current gold standard in clinical-grade cell culture. However, the platelet supplement's content lacks data due to different production methods. The principle behind these products relays on the lysis of platelets that release several proteins, some of which are contained in heterogeneous granules and coordinate biological functions. This study aims to analyze the composition and reproducibility of a platelet lysate produced with a standardized method, by describing several batches' protein and particle content using proteomics and dynamic light scattering. Proteomics data revealed a diversified protein content, with some related to essential cellular processes such as proliferation, morphogenesis, differentiation, biosynthesis, adhesion, and metabolism. It also detected proteins responsible for activation and binding of transforming growth factor beta, hepatocyte growth factor, and insulin-like growth factor. Total protein, biochemical, and growth factors quantitative data showed consistent and reproducible values across batches. Novel data on two major particle populations is presented, with high dispersion level at 231 ± 96 d.nm and at 30 ± 8 d.nm, possibly being an important way of protein trafficking through the cellular microenvironment. This experimental and descriptive analysis aims to support the content definition and quality criteria of a cell supplement for clinical applications.

Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure Grades 2 and 3: A Phase I-II Randomized Clinical Trial.

Introduction: Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is an acute liver decompensation in cirrhotic patients, which leads to organ failures and high short-term mortality. The treatment is based on the management of complications and, in severe cases, liver transplantation. Since specific treatment is unavailable, we aimed to evaluate the safety and initial efficacy of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC) in patients with ACLF Grades 2 and 3, a population excluded from previous clinical trials. Methods: This is a randomized placebo-controlled phase I-II single center study, which enrolled 9 cirrhotic patients from 2018 to 2020, regardless of the etiology. The control group (n = 5) was treated with standard medical therapy (SMT) and placebo infusion of saline. The intervention group (n = 4) received SMT plus 5 infusions of 1 × 106 cells/kg of BM-MSC for 3 weeks. Both groups were monitored for 90 days. A Chi-square test was used for qualitative variables, and the t-test and Mann-Whitney U test for quantitative variables. The Kaplan-Meier estimator was used to build survival curves. In this study, we followed the intention-to-treat analysis, with a significance of 5%. Results: Nine patients with a mean Child-Pugh (CP) of 12.3, MELD of 38.4, and CLIF-C score of 50.7 were recruited. Hepatitis C and alcohol were the main etiologies. The average infusion per patient was 2.9 and only 3 patients (2 in control and 1 in the BM-MSC group) received all the protocol infusions. There were no infusion-related side effects, although one patient in the intervention group presented hypernatremia and a gastric ulcer, after the third and fifth infusions, respectively. The survival rate after 90 days was 20% (1/5) for placebo versus 25% (1/4) for the BM-MSC. The patient who completed the entire MSC protocol showed a significant improvement in CP (C-14 to B-9), MELD (32 to 22), and ACLF (grade 3 to 0). Conclusion: BM-MSC infusion is safe and feasible in patients with ACLF Grades 2 and 3.

Prevalência de lesões bucais em tecidos mole e duro diagnosticadas em idosos em um serviço histopatológico de referência / Prevalence of oral lesions in soft and hard tissue in elderly patients in a single histopathological service / Prevalencia de lesiones bucales en tejido blando y duro enancianos diagnosticadas en un servicio de referencia histopatológico

O envelhecimento populacional é um fenômeno mundial, sendo percebido também no estado do Amazonas. Com a alta expectativa de vida, o enfoque na saúde geral e bucal impactam diretamente a qualidade de vida da pessoa. Desta forma, os levantamentos acerca da população geriátrica não devem ser restritos às alterações fisiológicas da idade, devendo abordar também as manifestações patológicas, retratando assim quais são as lesões bucais mais recorrentes. O trabalho em questão visa levantar o número de lesões bucais prevalentes em tecido mole e duro em idosos. Sendo feito a partir de um levantamento das lesões bucais prevalentes em tecido mole e duro que acometeram os idosos registrados nos laudos do Serviço de Patologia Oral e Maxilofacial da Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, SEPAT-UEA, entre os anos de 2012 a 2018. Segundo os dados coletados, a categoria de neoplasias de tecido mole (28,94%) teve o maior número de casos, em que a lesão mais prevalente, sendo esta do mesmo grupo, foi a hiperplasia fibrosa inflamatória (14,04%). Teve maior acometimento em mulheres (54,91%), pessoas com 60-69 anos (74,77%), usuários de próteses removíveis (15,56%) e a mandíbula (17,28%) foi a localização mais comum. Com as informações adquiridas, a partir de um serviço de referência do estado do Amazonas, é possível ter um melhor direcionamento dos recursos para a população geriátrica tendo um maior enfoque para as lesões mais prevalentes visando assim uma melhor saúde bucal e consequentemente uma melhor qualidade de vida(AU)

Population aging is a worldwide phenomenon, and is also noticed in the state of Amazonas. According to the high life expectancy, the focus on general health and the oral impact directly on the person's quality of life. Thus, surveys about thegeriatric population should not be restricted as physiological changes in age, but should also be addressed as pathological manifestations, thus portraying which are the most recurrent oral lesions. The aim of the study is to raise the frequency of the most prevalent of oral lesions in soft and hard tissue in the elderly. Being made from a survey of oral lesions in soft and hard tissue that affected the elderly registered in the reports of the Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Service of the Amazonas State University, SEPAT-UEA, between the years 2012 to 2018. According to collected data, the category of soft tissue neoplasms (28.94%) had the highest number of cases, in which the most prevalent lesion, being the same group, for an inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia (14.04%). It was more recurrent in women (54.91%), elderly in 60-69 years (74.77%), users of removable prosthesis (15.56%) and the mandible (17.28%) was the most common location. With the information acquired, from a reference service in the state of Amazonas, it is possible to have a better targeting of resources for the geriatric population, with agreater focus on the most prevalent injuries, thus better oral health and consequently a better quality of life care(AU)

El envejecimiento de la población es un fenómeno mundial, se percibe también en el estado de Amazonas. Con la alta expectativa de vida, el enfoque en la salud general y bucal impactan directamente la calidad de vida de la persona. De esta forma, las encuestas sobre la población geriátrica no deben restringir a los cambios fisiológicos de la edad, sino que deben abordar también las manifestaciones patológicas, describiendo así cuáles son las lesiones bucales más recurrentes. El trabajo en cuestión tiene por objeto levantar el número de lesiones bucales prevalentes en tejido blando y duro en ancianos. Se realiza a partir de um estudio de las lesiones bucales prevalentes que han afectado a los ancianos registrados en los informes del Servicio de Patología Oral y Maxilofacial de la Universidad del Estado de Amazonas, SEPAT-UEA, entre los años 2012 a 2018. Según los datos recogidos, la categoría de neoplasias de tejidos blandos (28,94%) presentó el mayor número de casos, en la que la lesión más prevalente fue la hiperplasia fibrosa inflamatoria (14,04%). Fue más afectado por mujeres (54,91%), personas de 60 a 69 años (74,77%), usuarios de prótesis removibles (15,56%) y la mandíbula (17,28%) fue la localización más común. Con la información adquirida, de un servicio de referencia en el estado de Amazonas, es posible tener una mejor focalización de recursos para la población geriátrica, con un mayor enfoque en las lesiones más prevalentes, apuntando así a una mejor salud bucal y consecuentemente una mejor calidad de vida(AU)

Células-tronco mesenquimais: caracterização, cultivo, propriedades imunológicas e aplicações clínicas / Mesenchymal stem cells: characterization, cultivation, immunological properties and clinical applications

As células-tronco mesenquimais (CTM) são consideradas células multipotentes não hematopoéticas com propriedades de autorrenovação e capacidade de diferenciação em tecidos mesenquimais e, possivelmente, em não mesenquimais. Vários estudos recentes têm reforçado o caráter multipotente destas células pela capacidade de diferenciarem-se em células derivadas da mesoderma embrionário: osteócitos, condroblastos e adipócitos. Devido ao fácil isolamento e cultivo, potencial de diferenciação e produção de fatores de crescimento e citocinas, as CTMs têm se tornado as candidatas ideais para os protocolos da medicina regenerativa. Este artigo revisa as principais características dessa célula, forma de obtenção e cultivo, propriedades imunológicas e aplicações clínicas.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are nonhematopoietic multipotent cells with selfrenewal properties and the ability to differentiate into mesenchymal tissues and possibly nonmesenchymal cells. Several lines of evidence in the past few years have confirmed the ability of these cells to differentiate into cells derived from embryonic mesoderm, such as osteocytes, adipocytes and chondroblasts. Because they are easy to isolate and culture and due to their differentiation potential and production of growth factors and cytokines, MSC have become ideal candidates for regenerative medicine protocols. This study reviews the main characteristics of MSC, how to isolate and culture them, and their immunological properties and clinical applications.