Responses of two Anastrepha species' immature stages infesting preferential hosts to different temperature exposures.

Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann) and A. obliqua (Macquart) are important pests of fruit crops. In Brazil, these species cause damage to fruit growing in the South (annual average temperature of 20.9 °C) and Northeast (average yearly temperature of 24 °C). We evaluated the effect of temperature on the viability and development time of A. fraterculus and A. obliqua immature stages in their respective preferred hosts, guava (Psidium guajava L., Myrtaceae) and mango (Mangifera indica L., Anacardiaceae). The duration of egg and pupal stages, egg to pre-pupa, and viability of egg and pupal stages under different temperatures (15, 20, 25, 30, and 35 °C) were assessed. For both species, development time decreased with increasing temperature. Viability in the evaluated stages was only observed between 15 and 30 °C. However, the species responded differently to the exposure temperatures (15 and 30 °C), especially in the pupal stage and from egg to pre-pupa. Anastrepha fraterculus showed a lower tolerance to high temperatures, especially in the pupal stage and from egg to pre-pupa, which may explain its lower importance and economic impact in warmer Brazilian regions. Anastrepha obliqua had a lower tolerance at 15 °C, indicating greater adequacy for temperatures above 20 °C, characteristic of Northeast Brazil, suggesting the capacity to spread to cooler areas with rising temperatures.

Evaluation of the effect of Matricaria recutita monotherapy or in combination with photodynamic therapy on tissue repair in the dorsum of the tongue of rats.

OBJECTIVE: The search for treatments that accelerate the healing of lesions is of constant interest. Matricaria recutita (chamomile) is a plant with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and healing properties, and antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT) eradicates microorganisms, which favors tissue repair. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the topical use of chamomile with or without aPDT on tissue repair in rats' tongues. METHODOLOGY: A total of 75 male Wistar rats underwent standardized ulceration on the dorsum of the tongue using a punch of 5 mm diameter and were randomly allocated into the following groups: control (G1), chamomile fluid extract (G2), chamomile infusion (G3), aPDT (G4), and chamomile infusion + aPDT (G5). On the 3rd, 7th, and 14th days postoperatively, euthanasia was performed, and the ulcers were measured using calipers. The presence of edema, inflammatory infiltrate, cellularity, re-epithelialization, and characterization of total collagen were evaluated using sections stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin and Red Sirius. Histomorphometry analyses of the percentage of total collagen, the distance from the basal layer to the epithelial surface, and the thickness of the stratum corneum were performed. Descriptive (absolute/relative frequencies and modes) and exploratory analyses were performed. The associations between the groups and the presence of ulcers were analyzed with Fisher's exact test. All analyses were performed using the R program and statistical significance was set at p=0.05. RESULTS: The G2 positively modulated the exudative and proliferative phases of repair, both clinically (p<0.0001) and histologically, whether in descriptive or inferential analyses (p<0.05). The G3 showed a significant difference in clinical parameters compared with G1 (p<0.0001). The G4 and G5 did not positively modulate tissue repair. CONCLUSION: The chamomile fluid extract showed better outcomes for tissue repair in the rat tongue.

Evaluation of the effect of Matricaria recutita monotherapy or in combination with photodynamic therapy on tissue repair in the dorsum of the tongue of rats*

Abstract The search for treatments that accelerate the healing of lesions is of constant interest. Matricaria recutita (chamomile) is a plant with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and healing properties, and antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT) eradicates microorganisms, which favors tissue repair. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the topical use of chamomile with or without aPDT on tissue repair in rats' tongues. Methodology A total of 75 male Wistar rats underwent standardized ulceration on the dorsum of the tongue using a punch of 5 mm diameter and were randomly allocated into the following groups: control (G1), chamomile fluid extract (G2), chamomile infusion (G3), aPDT (G4), and chamomile infusion + aPDT (G5). On the 3rd, 7th, and 14th days postoperatively, euthanasia was performed, and the ulcers were measured using calipers. The presence of edema, inflammatory infiltrate, cellularity, re-epithelialization, and characterization of total collagen were evaluated using sections stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin and Red Sirius. Histomorphometry analyses of the percentage of total collagen, the distance from the basal layer to the epithelial surface, and the thickness of the stratum corneum were performed. Descriptive (absolute/relative frequencies and modes) and exploratory analyses were performed. The associations between the groups and the presence of ulcers were analyzed with Fisher's exact test. All analyses were performed using the R program and statistical significance was set at p=0.05. Results The G2 positively modulated the exudative and proliferative phases of repair, both clinically (p<0.0001) and histologically, whether in descriptive or inferential analyses (p<0.05). The G3 showed a significant difference in clinical parameters compared with G1 (p<0.0001). The G4 and G5 did not positively modulate tissue repair. Conclusion The chamomile fluid extract showed better outcomes for tissue repair in the rat tongue.

After Thirty Years, We Still Cannot Understand Why Methylene Blue is not a Reference to Treat Vasoplegic Syndrome in Cardiac Surgery.

Vasoplegic syndrome (VS) comprises a constellation of concurrent signs and symptoms: hypotension, high cardiac index, low systemic vascular resistance, low filling pressures, the tendency to occur diffuse bleeding, and sustained hypotension. All of these parameters may persist even despite the use of high doses of vasoconstrictor amines. VS arises from vasoplegic endothelial dysfunction with excessive release of nitric oxide by polymorphonuclear leukocytes mediated by the nitric oxide synthase's inducible form and is associated with systemic inflammatory reaction and high morbimortality. The achievements regarding the treatment of VS with methylene blue (MB) are a valuable Brazilian contribution to cardiac surgery. The present text review was designed to deliver the accumulated knowledge in the past ten years of employing MB to treat VS after cardiac surgery. Considering that we have already published two papers describing acquired experiences and concepts after 15 and 20 years, now, as we achieve the 30-year mark, we compose a trilogy.

Displasia fibrosa craniomaxilofacial: relato de caso / Craniomaxilofacial fibrous dysplasia: case report

A displasia fibrosa é uma condição patológica benigna onde ocorre a proliferação e substituição do tecido ósseo por tecido fibroso. Existem duas categorias primárias da doença: displasia fibrosa monostótica, que envolve somente um osso, e displasia fibrosa poliostótica, que acomete múltiplos ossos, ocorrendo mais frequentemente no esqueleto crânio-facial. Geralmente esta condição patológica tem início na infância e progride até a puberdade e adolescência, podendo estar relacionada com a chamada Síndrome de McCune-Albright. Neste trabalho, realizou-se uma revisão de literatura a apresenta-se um caso clínico, enfocando os aaspectos etiológicos, clínicos, imaginológicos e o respectivo tratamento da displasia fibrosa crânio-facial.

Fatores associados à menor dose de radiação em pacientes submetidos à angiotomografia de artérias coronárias de 64 canais / Factors associated with lower radiation doses in patients undergoing 64-slice computed tomography

Fundamentos: Nota-se crescente utilização da angiotomografia de arterias coronárias, encontrando-se na literatura grande variabilidade na dose de radiação empregada. Há preocupação mundial em relação à exposição à radiação ionizante em procedimentos médicos, sendo que estratégias para minimização da dose são fortemente encorajadas. Objetivos: Determinar a dose de radiação utilizada em clínica privada no Rio de Janeiro e fatores associados à redução da dose. Métodos: Estudos retrospectivo e observacional, envolvendo 232 pacientes consecutivos submetidos à angiotomografia de artérias coronárias de 64 detectores por indicação clínica, utilizando-se técnicas visando à redução da dose de radiação. Resultados: A dose média geral de radiação empregada foi 7,6mSv, sem diferença na dose aplicada em homens e mulheres (7,9mSv vs. 7,0mSv, respectivamente, p=0,15). A utilização de modulação de dose pelo eletrocardiograma (ECG) e tensão do tubo de 100kV estão ambas associadas à queda de aproximadamente 50 por cento cada na dose. Fatores como idade avançada e presença de stents estão associados à maior exposição. Conclusões: A dose de radiação utilizada rotineiramente...

Background: In parallel to an upsurge in the use of computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA), the literature varies widely in terms of radiation doses, prompting worldwide concern about radiation exposure in medical procedures, with strong supportfor strategies aimed at reducing these doses. Objectives: To determine the radiation dose employed in CTCA studies in a private clinic at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and the factors associated with lower radiation doses. Methods: Retrospective observational study of 232consecutive patients clinically referred for 64-slice CTCA with radiation dose r eduction techniques. Results: The mean radiation dose was 7.6mSv, with no difference between men and women (7.9mSv vs. 7.0mSv, respectively, p=0,15). Electrocardiogram (ECG) dose modulation and reduced 100kV tubevoltage are associated with dose reductions of approximately 50% each. Factors such as increasing age and the presence of coronary stents are associated with higher exposure. Conclusions: The routine radiation dose used with exposure minimization techniques...

Osteossarcoma extra-esquelético na região cervical: revisão da literatura e relato de caso clínico / Extraskeletal osteosarcoma in the neck: a case report and review of the literature

O osteossarcoma extra-esquelético é uma neoplasia rara caracterizada pela produção de osteóide "maligno". Esta condição tem sido descrita em faixa etária acima da esperada para o osteossarcoma ósseo, e a coxa é o local de predileção. Realizamos revisão da literatura e descrevemos o caso clínico de uma paciente de 19 anos de idade com história de massa na região cervical direita associada a parestesia dos membros superiores, a qual foi diagnosticada como portadora de osteossarcoma extra-esquelético. Enfatizamos as características clínicas, os aspectos das imagens em diversos métodos empregados (exames radiográficos convencionais, tomografia computadorizada, exame por ressonância magnética), análise histopatológica e os principais diagnósticos diferenciais desta afecção.