ABSTRACT
In the present study, we show that SARS-CoV-2 can infect palatine tonsils, adenoids, and secretions in children without symptoms of COVID-19, with no history of recent upper airway infection. We studied 48 children undergoing tonsillectomy due to snoring/OSA or recurrent tonsillitis between October 2020 and September 2021. Nasal cytobrushes, nasal washes, and tonsillar tissue fragments obtained at surgery were tested by RT-qPCR, immunohistochemistry (IHC), flow cytometry, and neutralization assay. We detected the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in at least one specimen tested in 27% of patients. IHC revealed the presence of the viral nucleoprotein in epithelial surface and in lymphoid cells in both extrafollicular and follicular regions, in adenoids and palatine tonsils. Also, IHC for the SARS-CoV-2 non-structural protein NSP-16 indicated the presence of viral replication in 53.8% of the SARS-CoV-2-infected tissues. Flow cytometry showed that CD20+ B lymphocytes were the most infected phenotypes, followed by CD4+ lymphocytes and CD123 dendritic cells, CD8+ T lymphocytes, and CD14+ macrophages. Additionally, IF indicated that infected tonsillar tissues had increased expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2. NGS sequencing demonstrated the presence of different SARS-CoV-2 variants in tonsils from different tissues. SARS-CoV-2 antigen detection was not restricted to tonsils but was also detected in nasal cells from the olfactory region. Palatine tonsils and adenoids are sites of prolonged RNA presence by SARS-CoV-2 in children, even without COVID-19 symptoms. IMPORTANCE This study shows that SRS-CoV-2 of different lineages can infect tonsils and adenoids in one quarter of children undergoing tonsillectomy. These findings bring advancement to the area of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis, by showing that tonsils may be sites of prolonged infection, even without evidence of recent COVID-19 symptoms. SARS-CoV-2 infection of B and T lymphocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells may interfere with the mounting of immune responses in these secondary lymphoid organs. Moreover, the shedding of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in respiratory secretions from silently infected children raises concern about possible diagnostic confusion in the presence of symptoms of acute respiratory infections caused by other etiologies.
ABSTRACT
Using a sample of 832 young people, between 13 and 25 years old, the present research examined the psychometric properties of a Brazilian adaptation of the Child and Youth Resilience Measure-28 (CYRM-28), a scale empirically derived from a threefactor resilience model that has been promising for cross-cultural research. To establish validation, we use Confirmatory Factor Analysis to determine whether the traditional three-factor structure and the original items of CYRM-28 are compatible with a Brazilian sample. This was followed by tests of internal consistency by examining Cronbach's alpha and convergent validity by testing correlations with the CD-RISC-10. The results led to a reduced version of 19 items distributed in three resilience factors. The findings are consistent with those observed in samples from other cultures and suggest that CYRM-19-Br is promising for use in resilience research in Brazil.
Utilizando uma amostra de 832 jovens, entre 13 e 25 anos, a presente investigação examinou as propriedades psicométricas de uma adaptação brasileira da Child and Youth Resilience Measure-28 (CYRM-28), uma escala empiricamente derivada de um modelo de resiliência de três fatores que tem sido promissora para pesquisas interculturais. Para estabelecer a validação, usamos a Análise Fatorial Confirmatória para determinar se a estrutura tradicional de três fatores e os itens originais da CYRM-28 são compatíveis com uma amostra brasileira. Isso foi seguido por testes de consistência interna examinando o alfa de Cronbach e a validade convergente testando correlações com o CD-RISC-10. Os resultados levaram a uma versão reduzida de 19 itens distribuídos em três fatores de resiliência. Os achados são consistentes com aqueles observados em amostras de outras culturas e sugerem que a CYRM-19-Br é promissora para uso em pesquisas de resiliência no Brasil.
Utilizando una muestra de 832 jóvenes, entre 13 y 25 años, la presente investigación examinó las propiedades psicométricas de una adaptación brasileña de Child and Youth Resilience Measure-28 (CYRM-28), una escala derivada empíricamente de un modelo de escala de tres factores de resiliencia que ha sido prometedor para la investigación intercultural. Para establecer la validación, utilizamos el Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio para determinar si la estructura tradicional de tres factores y los ítems originales de CYRM-28 son compatibles con una muestra brasileña. A esto le siguieron pruebas de consistencia interna examinando el alfa de Cronbach y la validez convergente probando las correlaciones con el CD-RISC-10. Los resultados llevaron a una versión reducida de 19 ítems distribuidos en tres factores de resiliencia. Los hallazgos son consistentes con los observados en muestras de otras culturas y sugieren que el CYRM-19-Br es prometedor para su uso en la investigación de resiliencia en Brasil.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Adaptation, Psychological , Resilience, PsychologicalABSTRACT
Este artigo trata da corrosão da essencialidade da previdência social e do aprofundamento de seu desmonte no contexto de crise do capital e de fortalecimento da extrema direita no Brasil. Traz resultados parciais da pesquisa "o Estado brasileiro e os paradoxos da implementação da seguridade social no Brasil" que se realiza sob a perspectiva dialética materialista, referenciada na revisão de literatura especializada e análise de dados e documentos. Os resultados revelam o caráter neofascista e ultraneoliberal do governo Bolsonaro; o avanço do processo de corrosão da essencialidade e entrega da previdência social aos capitais; denunciam medidas de ajuste à EC 103/2019, durante a pandemia da covid-19, que limitam o acesso aos direitos, reorientam a finalidade e fragilizam o INSS, instituem a política securitária sob diretrizes mercadológicas, forjam a unificação de regimes de previdência e transferência da gestão dos benefícios não programados ao setor privado
This article deals with the erosion of the essentiality of social security and the deepening of its dismantling in the context of capital crisis and the strengthening of the far right in Brazil. It brings partial results of the research "the Brazilian State and the paradoxes of the implementation of social security in Brazil", which is carried out under a dialectical materialist perspective, referenced in the review of specialized literature and analysis of data and documents. The results reveal the neo-fascist and ultra-neoliberal character of the Bolsonaro government; the progress of the process of corrosion of essentiality and delivery of social security to capitals; highlight measures of adjustment to EC 103/2019, during the covid-19 pandemic, which limit access to rights, reorient the purpose and weaken the INSS, institute the insurance policy under marketing guidelines, forge the unification of pension systems and transfer of management of unscheduled benefits to the private sector
Subject(s)
Politics , Social Security , Economics , COVID-19 , GovernmentABSTRACT
Este trabalho é mobilizado pela experiência institucional em um serviço de saúde publica que acolhe pacientes cuja problemática da somatização forma essencialmente seu quadro clínico. No sofrimento que circula no distúrbio psicossomático a incerteza do alojamento da psique no soma é a questão central. Todavia, esta clínica apresenta especificidades que desafiam as constantes de um enquadre psicanalítico tradicional. A técnica da Fotoexpressão como objeto mediador, utilizada em grupos, é observada como uma estratégia bastante apropriada no manejo destes pacientes. A situação clínica que este recurso suscita busca restabelecer a área de jogo e mediante uma zona intermediária, tenta abrir caminhos para processos elementares da experiência. Por meio de um recorte clínico buscamos problematizar a dimensão corporal e o elemento da violência diante do recurso da Fotoexpressão, analisando seus efeitos e possibilidades de deslocamentos.
This work is mobilized by an institutional experience in a public health service that welcomes patients whose somatization problem essentially forms their clinical picture. In the suffering that circulates in the psychosomatic disturbance the uncertainty of the psyche's accommodation in the soma is the central issue. However, this clinic has specificities that defy the constants of a traditional psychoanalytic framework. The technique of Photoexpression as a mediator object, used in groups, is observed as a very appropriate strategy in the management of these patients. The clinical situation that this resource raises seeks to reestablish the playing area and through an intermediate zone, tries to open the way for elementary processes of experience. Through a clinical outline we seek to problematize the body dimension and the element of violence in the face of the Photoexpression resource, analyzing its effects and possibilities of displacement.
Este trabajo es movilizado por la experiencia institucional en un servicio de salud pública que acoge pacientes cuya problemática de la somatización forma esencialmente su cuadro clínico. En el sufrimiento que circula en el disturbio psicosomático la incertidumbre del alojamiento de la psique en suma es la cuestión central. Todavía, esta clínica presenta especificidades que desafian las constantes de un encuadre psicoanalítico tradicional. La técnica de la Fotoexpresión como objeto mediador, utilizada en grupos, es observada como una estrategia bastante apropiada en el manejo de estos pacientes. La situación clínica que este recurso suscita busca restablecer la área del juego y mediante una zona intermediaria, intenta abrir caminos para procesos elementares de experiencia. Por medio de un recorte clínico buscamos problematizar la dimensión corporal y el elemento de la violencia ante al recurso de la Fotoexpresión analizando sus efectos y posibilidades de desplazamientos.
Subject(s)
Humans , Play and Playthings , Psychophysiologic Disorders , Somatoform Disorders , Violence , ShelteringABSTRACT
Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) envelope glycoproteins traffic to assembly sites through the secretory pathway, while nonglycosylated proteins M and N are present in HRSV inclusion bodies but must reach the plasma membrane, where HRSV assembly happens. Little is known about how nonglycosylated HRSV proteins reach assembly sites. Here, we show that HRSV M and N proteins partially colocalize with the Golgi marker giantin, and the glycosylated F and nonglycosylated N proteins are closely located in the trans-Golgi, suggesting their interaction in that compartment. Brefeldin A compromised the trafficking of HRSV F and N proteins and inclusion body sizes, indicating that the Golgi is important for both glycosylated and nonglycosylated HRSV protein traffic. HRSV N and M proteins colocalized and interacted with sorting nexin 2 (SNX2), a retromer component that shapes endosomes in tubular structures. Glycosylated F and nonglycosylated N HRSV proteins are detected in SNX2-laden aggregates with intracellular filaments projecting from their outer surfaces, and VPS26, another retromer component, was also found in inclusion bodies and filament-shaped structures. Similar to SNX2, TGN46 also colocalized with HRSV M and N proteins in filamentous structures at the plasma membrane. Cell fractionation showed enrichment of SNX2 in fractions containing HRSV M and N proteins. Silencing of SNX1 and 2 was associated with reduction in viral proteins, HRSV inclusion body size, syncytium formation, and progeny production. The results indicate that HRSV structural proteins M and N are in the secretory pathway, and SNX2 plays an important role in the traffic of HRSV structural proteins toward assembly sites.IMPORTANCE The present study contributes new knowledge to understand HRSV assembly by providing evidence that nonglycosylated structural proteins M and N interact with elements of the secretory pathway, shedding light on their intracellular traffic. To the best of our knowledge, the present contribution is important given the scarcity of studies about the traffic of HRSV nonglycosylated proteins, especially by pointing to the involvement of SNX2, a retromer component, in the HRSV assembly process.
Subject(s)
Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor/metabolism , Host Microbial Interactions , Nucleocapsid Proteins/metabolism , Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human/physiology , Viral Proteins/metabolism , Virus Assembly , Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor/genetics , Carrier Proteins , Golgi Apparatus/metabolism , Golgi Matrix Proteins/metabolism , HeLa Cells , Humans , Protein TransportABSTRACT
Resumo O objetivo desta pesquisa consiste em realizar uma revisão sistemática sobre os estudos que abordam a homofobia no contexto da psicologia brasileira. Para isso utilizamos cinco bases de dados: SciELO (Scientific Eletronic Library Online), PePSIC, Index Psi, LILACS (Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde), e PsycINFO. Contamos com um total de 74 artigos científicos, sendo 35 artigos teóricos e 39 artigos derivados de investigações empíricas. Neste último tipo de artigo verificamos que o tema mais presente foi a relação de alguns fatores com a homofobia, por exemplo, avaliar e analisar a homofobia através da Escala de Homofobia Explícita e Implícita e do Inventário de Sexismo. A psicologia brasileira tem contribuído para ampliação do conhecimento acerca da temática homofobia, dada a quantidade de artigos encontrados nas últimas décadas acerca do tema em estudos da psicologia. Os construtos associados à homofobia que surgiram durante a pesquisa foram os aspectos psicossociais, a saúde, a educação e as políticas públicas. Os periódicos que se destacaram na publicação de artigos sobre a temática homofobia foram aqueles que abordaram os aspectos psicossociais, envolvendo as percepções psicopolíticas, o comportamento e a ideação suicida, a religiosidade, as representações sociais sobre a natureza da homossexualidade e a adoção de crianças por famílias homoafetivas. Conclui-se que as pesquisas realizadas no Brasil sobre homofobia estão pautadas no conhecimento e explanação de valores, ideias e comportamentos em relação à homofobia, comparando grupos e relacionando fatores na tentativa de melhor conhecer os aspectos pouco tratados sobre o tema.
Abstract The objective of this research is to carry out a systematic review on the studies that approach homophobia in the context of Brazilian psychology. For this, we used five databases: SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online), PePSIC, Index Psi, LILACS (Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences), and PsycINFO. It was considered 74 scientific articles, being 35 theoretical articles and 39 articles derived from empirical investigations. In this last type of article, we verified that the most mentioned issue was the relation of some factors with homophobia, for example, to evaluate and analyze homophobia through the Explicit and Implicit Homophobia Scale and the Sexism Inventory. Brazilian psychology has contributed to increase the knowledge about homophobia, given the number of articles found over the last decades about the subject in psychology studies. The constructs associated with homophobia that emerged during the research were psychosocial aspects, health, education and public policies. The highlighted journals for the publication of articles about homophobia were those that addressed psychosocial aspects, involving psychopolitical perceptions, suicidal behavior and ideation, religiosity, social representations about the nature of homosexuality and the adoption of children by homoaffective families. It is concluded that researches carried out in Brazil on homophobia have been based on knowledge and explanation of values, ideas and behaviors in relation to homophobia, comparing groups and relating factors in order to better understand the little-discussed aspects on the subject.
Resumen El objetivo de esta investigación consistió en realizar una revisión sistemática sobre los estudios que abordan la homofobia en el contexto de la psicología brasileña. Para ello utilizamos cinco bases de datos: SciELO (Scientific Eletronic Library Online), PePSIC, Index Psi, LILACS (Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud), y PsycINFO. Contamos con un total de 74 artículos científicos, siendo 35 artículos teóricos y 39 artículos derivados de investigaciones empíricas. En este último tipo de artículo verificamos que el tema más presente fue la relación de algunos factores con la homofobia, por ejemplo, evaluación y análisis de la homofobia a través de la Escala de Homofobia Explícita e Implícita y del Inventario de Sexismo. La psicología brasileña ha contribuido a la ampliación del conocimiento acerca de la homofobia, dada la cantidad de artículos encontrados en las últimas décadas acerca del tema en estudios de la psicología. Los constructos asociados a la homofobia que surgieron durante la investigación fueron los aspectos psicosociales, la salud, la educación y las políticas públicas. Las revistas que se destacaron en la publicación de artículos sobre la temática homofobia fueron aquellos que abordaron los aspectos psicosociales, incluyendo las percepciones psicopolíticas, el comportamiento y la ideación suicida, la religiosidad, las representaciones sociales sobre la naturaleza de la homosexualidad y la adopción de niños por familias homoafectivas. Se concluye que las investigaciones realizadas en Brasil sobre homofobia están basadas en el conocimiento y explicación de valores, ideas y comportamientos en relación a la homofobia, comparando grupos y relacionando factores en el intento de mejor conocer los aspectos poco tratados sobre el tema.
ABSTRACT
Seeds with a good physiological quality are essential to high productivity. However, for some seeds, Phaseolus lunatus L., the viability and vigor analyze show deficiency in quality. This work aimed to evaluate the physiological quality of Phaseolus lunatus L. seeds using several vigor tests. The study was realized at the Laboratory of Seed Analysis of the Agricultural Sciences Center of the Federal University of Paraíba, in Areia PB, Brazil. We used seeds from five cultivars of P. lunatus (Branca, Orelha de Vó, Cearense, Rosinha, and Roxinha). To determine the physiological quality, we measured the water content, the viability and vigor test (germination, emergence, electrical conductivity, tetrazolium, first germination count and emergence, seedling length and dry mass). We used a completely randomized design for seeds evaluation, and the field test was performed in randomized blocks. The water content of P. lunatus did not differ among the cultivars, indicating a uniformity in the percentage of moisture. Also, the percentage and speed of emergency and the dry mass of seedlings did not differ among the varieties. The tetrazolium and electrical conductivity tests indicated that Rosinha cultivar had the worst viability concerning the other cultivars, showing a low percentage of living tissue and lower electrical conductivity. The seeds of Roxinha cultivar had the better physiological quality, and the Cearense cultivar had the worst quality evaluation. We recommend the tetrazolium test but not the electrical conductivity test to evaluate the vigor of P. lunatus.
Em qualquer cultura, para se ter uma elevada produtividade é indispensável à aquisição de sementes com alta qualidade fisiológica, mas para sementes de Phaseolus lunatus L., ainda ocorre deficiência em análises de viabilidade e vigor. Dessa forma, o objetivo neste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade fisiológica das sementes de cultivares de Phaseolus lunatus por diferentes testes de vigor. A pesquisa foi realizada no Laboratório de Análise de Sementes do Centro de Ciências Agrárias da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, em Areia - PB, com sementes de cinco cultivares de Phaseolus lunatus (Branca, Orelha de Vó, Cearense, Rosinha e Roxinha). Para avaliação da qualidade fisiológica das sementes determinou-se o teor de água e realizou-se testes de viabilidade e vigor (germinação, emergência, condutividade elétrica, tetrazólio, primeira contagem de germinação e emergência, comprimento e massa seca de plântulas). O delineamento utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, com exceção dos testes realizados em campo, que foi em blocos ao acaso. O teor de água das sementes dos cultivares de feijão-fava não diferiu estatisticamente entre si, indicando que houve uniformidade na porcentagem de umidade. Não houve diferença significativa entre as sementes dos cultivares de feijão-fava quando avaliou-se a porcentagem e velocidade de emergência, bem como a massa seca de plântulas. Os resultados dos testes de tetrazólio e condutividade elétrica constatou-se maior viabilidade para as sementes do cultivar Roxinha, Branca, Cearense e Orelha de Vó quando comparadas com as da Rosinha, uma vez que houve um maior percentual de tecidos vivos e uma menor condutividade elétrica, respectivamente. As sementes do cultivar Roxinha são de melhor qualidade fisiológica e, o cultivar Cearense de pior qualidade; o teste de tetrazólio é recomendado para avaliação do vigor de sementes de cultivares de Phaseolus lunatus, enquanto, o teste de condutividade elétrica não é recomendado para avaliar o vigor das sementes dos cultivares de P. lunatus.
Subject(s)
Seeds , PhaseolusABSTRACT
The role of human adenovirus (HAdV) infection in different acute diseases, such as febrile exudative tonsillitis, conjunctivitis, and pharyngoconjunctival fever is well established. However, the relationships, if any, of HAdV persistence and reactivation in the development of the chronic adenotonsillar disease is not fully understood. The present paper reports a 3-year cross-sectional hospital-based study aimed at detecting and quantifying HAdV DNA and mRNA of the HAdV hexon gene in adenoid and palatine tonsil tissues and nasopharyngeal secretions (NPS) from patients with adenotonsillar hypertrophy or recurrent adenotonsillitis. HAdV C, B, and E were detectable in nearly 50% of the patients, with no association with the severity of airway obstruction, nor with the presence of recurrent tonsillitis, sleep apnea or otitis media with effusion (OME). Despite the higher rates of respiratory viral coinfections in patients with HAdV, the presence of other viruses, including DNA and RNA viruses, had no association with HAdV replication or shedding in secretions. Higher HAdV loads in adenoids showed a significant positive correlation with the presence of sleep apnea and the absence of OME. Although this study indicates that a significant proportion (~85%) of individuals with chronic adenotonsillar diseases have persistent nonproductive HAdV infection, including those by HAdV C, B, and E, epithelial and subepithelial cells in tonsils seem to be critical for HAdV C production and shedding in NPS in some patients, since viral antigen was detected in these regions by immunohistochemistry in four patients, all of which were also positive for HAdV mRNA detection.
Subject(s)
Adenoids/virology , Adenovirus Infections, Human/virology , Palatine Tonsil/virology , Virus Replication , Adenoids/pathology , Adenovirus Infections, Human/diagnosis , Adenoviruses, Human/classification , Adenoviruses, Human/isolation & purification , Adenoviruses, Human/physiology , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Cross-Sectional Studies , DNA, Viral/isolation & purification , Female , Humans , Hypertrophy , Infant , Male , Palatine Tonsil/pathology , Tonsillitis/virologyABSTRACT
Germination is negatively influenced by water scarcity and by temperatures above or below the optimal range of the species, so it is necessary to know the critical point of absorption for the species or cultivar. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of water stress, simulated by solutions of polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG 6000) at different temperatures, on the germination and vigor of seeds of four cultivars (Branca, Orelha de Vó, Rosinha and Roxinha) of beans (Phaseolus lunatus L.). The water stress simulation was performed using PEG 6000 solutions at concentrations of 0.0, -0.2, -0.4, -0.6, -0.8, -1.0, and -1.2 MPa at temperatures of 25, 30, and 35 ° C. The analyzed variables were percentage of germination at first count, germination speed index, length of aerial part and primary root of seedlings, and dry mass of the respective parts of the seedlings. The seeds of the cultivar Orelha de Vó were more sensitive to water stress, with 88% germinating up to the potential of -0.6 MPa at the tested temperatures. The cultivars Branca, Rosinha, and Roxinha germinated (94, 100, and 100%, respectively) up to the potential of -0.8 MPa. Water stress simulated by PEG (6000) negatively affects seed twinning and seed vigor of bean cultivars.
A germinação é influenciada negativamente pela escassez de água e por temperaturas abaixo ou acima da faixa exigida pela espécie, por isso é necessário saber qual o ponto crítico de absorção das espécies ou cultivares. O objetivo nesse trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos do estresse hídrico, simulado com soluções de polietileno glicol 6000 (PEG 6000) em diferentes temperaturas, na germinação e vigor de sementes de quatro cultivares (Branca, Orelha de Vó, Rosinha e Roxinha) de feijão-fava (Phaseolus lunatus L.). Foram submetidas a simulação do estresse hídrico foi feita com soluções de PEG 6000, nas concentrações de 0,0; -0,2; -0,4; -0,6, -0,8, -1,0 e -1,2 MPa, nas temperaturas de 25, 30 e 35 °C. As variáveis analisadas foram percentuais de germinação e primeira contagem, índice velocidade de germinação, comprimentos de parte aérea e raiz primária de plântulas e massa seca das respectivas partes de plântulas. As sementes do cultivar Orelha de Vó são mais sensíveis ao estresse hídrico, germinando 88 % até o potencial de -0,6 MPa na temperatura, os cultivares Branca, Rosinha e Roxinha germinaram (94; 100 e 100 %, respectivamente) até o potencial de -0,8 MPa. Estresse hídrico simulado por PEG (6000) afeta negativamente a geminação das sementes e o vigor das sementes de cultivares de feijão-fava.
Subject(s)
Dehydration , Germination/physiology , Phaseolus/growth & development , Phaseolus/physiology , Seeds/growth & development , Seeds/physiologyABSTRACT
Germination is negatively influenced by water scarcity and by temperatures above or below the optimal range of the species, so it is necessary to know the critical point of absorption for the species or cultivar. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of water stress, simulated by solutions of polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG 6000) at different temperatures, on the germination and vigor of seeds of four cultivars (Branca, Orelha de Vó, Rosinha and Roxinha) of beans (Phaseolus lunatus L.). The water stress simulation was performed using PEG 6000 solutions at concentrations of 0.0, -0.2, -0.4, -0.6, -0.8, -1.0, and -1.2 MPa at temperatures of 25, 30, and 35 ° C. The analyzed variables were percentage of germination at first count, germination speed index, length of aerial part and primary root of seedlings, and dry mass of the respective parts of the seedlings. The seeds of the cultivar Orelha de Vó were more sensitive to water stress, with 88% germinating up to the potential of -0.6 MPa at the tested temperatures. The cultivars Branca, Rosinha, and Roxinha germinated (94, 100, and 100%, respectively) up to the potential of -0.8 MPa. Water stress simulated by PEG (6000) negatively affects seed twinning and seed vigor of bean cultivars.(AU)
A germinação é influenciada negativamente pela escassez de água e por temperaturas abaixo ou acima da faixa exigida pela espécie, por isso é necessário saber qual o ponto crítico de absorção das espécies ou cultivares. O objetivo nesse trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos do estresse hídrico, simulado com soluções de polietileno glicol 6000 (PEG 6000) em diferentes temperaturas, na germinação e vigor de sementes de quatro cultivares (Branca, Orelha de Vó, Rosinha e Roxinha) de feijão-fava (Phaseolus lunatus L.). Foram submetidas a simulação do estresse hídrico foi feita com soluções de PEG 6000, nas concentrações de 0,0; -0,2; -0,4; -0,6, -0,8, -1,0 e -1,2 MPa, nas temperaturas de 25, 30 e 35 °C. As variáveis analisadas foram percentuais de germinação e primeira contagem, índice velocidade de germinação, comprimentos de parte aérea e raiz primária de plântulas e massa seca das respectivas partes de plântulas. As sementes do cultivar Orelha de Vó são mais sensíveis ao estresse hídrico, germinando 88 % até o potencial de -0,6 MPa na temperatura, os cultivares Branca, Rosinha e Roxinha germinaram (94; 100 e 100 %, respectivamente) até o potencial de -0,8 MPa. Estresse hídrico simulado por PEG (6000) afeta negativamente a geminação das sementes e o vigor das sementes de cultivares de feijão-fava.(AU)
Subject(s)
Phaseolus/growth & development , Phaseolus/physiology , Seeds/growth & development , Seeds/physiology , Germination/physiology , DehydrationABSTRACT
Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a intenção de homens, entre 25 e 59 anos, em um distrito sanitário de Maceió (AL), por procurar a Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS). Realizaram-se duas etapas: (1) análise das crenças de uma parcela da amostra, para a confecção de um instrumento quantitativo (N=25); (2) aplicação desse instrumento em uma amostra maior dessa população (N=106). Os resultados demonstraram que a intenção dos homens em procurar a UBS está associada aos atributos que facilitam e/ou dificultam a realização desse comportamento. Concluiu-se que apenas o construto Percepção de Controle se relacionou com a Intenção Comportamental. No entanto, os construtos Norma Subjetiva e Atitude não apresentaram impacto significativo sobre a Intenção dos homens de procurar a UBS. Discutiu-se a importância da elaboração de políticas públicas mais eficientes para o cuidado da saúde masculina, bem como a relevância de evidências empíricas para reflexões mais consistentes nessa área.
Current analysis evaluates why males, aged between 25 and 59 years, apply to a Basic Health Unit (UBS), in a health district unit in Maceió AL Brazil. Two stages were undertaken: (1) analysis of beliefs of a part of the sample for the elaboration of a qualitative instrument (N=25); (2) the application of the instrument to a larger sample of the population (N=106). Results demonstrate that the reason why males go to UBS is associated with attributes that facilitate or make difficult such behavior. Results show that only the construct Control Perception is related to the Behavior Intention. However, the construct Subjective Norm and Attitude did not have any significant impact on male intention for going to UBS. More efficient public policies should be prepared for male health and for the relevance of empirical evidence for more consistent conclusions on the theme.
Subject(s)
Male , Primary Health Care , Attitude , Men's Health , Health CentersABSTRACT
Resumo: Este texto trata do movimento de contrarreforma (restrições de direitos) referentes à Previdência Social iniciado na década de 1990 e das propostas para o seu aprofundamento, com a PEC nº 287/2016, diante do agravamento da crise estrutural do capital, da crescente (e questionável) dívida pública e das pressões das instituições financeiras (bancos, fundos de pensão, entre outras), sobre o Estado, para reorientar o máximo possível o fundo público a seu favor e de outras frações do grande capital. Trata ainda de possíveis consequências sociais diante de uma eventual aprovação da PEC nº 287/2016.
Abstract: This text deals with the counter reformation movement (restrictions of rights) concerning social welfare started in the 1990s and the proposals for its deepening, with the Proposed Constitutional Amendment - PEC nº 287/2016, in the face of the worsening structural crisis of capital, the growing (and questionable) public debt and the pressures of financial institutions (banks, pension funds, among others), on the State, in order to redirect as much as possible the public fund in its favor and other fractions of the big capital. It also discusses the possible social consequences of a probable approval of the referred PEC nº 287/ 2016.
ABSTRACT
Zebrafish is an excellent model organism for studying tissue alterations caused by Bothrops alternatus venom (BAV) and for screening new anti-venom drugs. To study tissue alterations following exposure to BAV and the roles that glucocorticoids play in these tissue reactions, zebrafish were randomly divided into five groups: the free injection control group (FIC), the phosphate-buffered saline injection control group (PIC), the venom injected group (VI), the group treated with dexamethasone 1 h before venom injection (D1hBVI) and the group treated with dexamethasone 1 h after venom injection (D1hAVI). The concentration of BAV injected was 0.13 mg/mL and each fish received an injection of 20 µL. Body weight measurements and histopathological characteristics of the gills, kidneys, liver, and intestine were determined. Histopathological analyses showed necrosis, inflammation and weight gain in animals that received BAV. The histological alteration indices of the gills, liver, kidneys, and intestines were statistically higher in the animal groups treated with BAV. These alteration indices were lower in the D1hBVI and D1hAVI groups compared to the group treated with BAV alone. The D1hBVI group is presented with minor alterations. A significant difference in the histological alterations index was observed in the intestinal tissue of the FIC group compared to the PIC group. Cumulatively, zebrafish may serve as a useful biomarker for alterations induced by BAV. Interestingly, dexamethasone reduced the damage caused by BAV in the organs studied, which suggests that zebrafish might be useful for screening new drugs that can mitigate tissue damage caused by snakebites.
Subject(s)
Bothrops/metabolism , Crotalid Venoms/administration & dosage , Zebrafish/metabolism , Animals , Biomarkers/metabolism , Body Weight/drug effects , Dexamethasone/pharmacology , Glucocorticoids/pharmacology , Inflammation/metabolism , Male , Models, AnimalABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Syncytia formation is the hallmark of the cytopathic effect caused by human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV), which is the most important viral respiratory pathogen in children. This article reports methodological improvements in primary HRSV isolation and the importance of syncytia formation and mRNA levels of F protein for the progeny yield, using clinical isolates of HRSV. METHODS: The A and B strains of HRSV were isolated in HEp-2 cell cultures from fresh and frozen nasopharyngeal aspirates. The formation of syncytia was evaluated using 2 different assays. Levels of F protein mRNA were quantified by real-time PCR while HRSV progeny titration was done by plaque assay. RESULTS: HRSV was primarily isolated from 238 of 312 (90.7%) samples, and 13 of these (12 HRSV-A and 1 HRSV-B) were continuously passaged in vitro. The quantity and size of syncytia formed by 6 pure HRSV-A clinical isolates were different, as were the levels of F protein mRNA. CONCLUSION: There is a direct correlation of quantities of syncytia and inoculum size, but not with mRNA levels of HRSV-A F protein. Importantly, levels of F protein mRNA were directly related to progeny production.
Subject(s)
Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral , Giant Cells/ultrastructure , Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/virology , Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human/isolation & purification , Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human/physiology , Cell Line , Child , Giant Cells/virology , Humans , Nasopharynx/virology , Phylogeny , RNA, Viral/analysis , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction , Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human/classification , Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human/genetics , Viral Fusion Proteins/analysis , Virology/methodsABSTRACT
Cajanus cajan (L.) Millspaugh, a member of the Fabaceae, is commonly known as feijão-guandu. It was introduced into Brazil because it readily adapts to local climate conditions and tolerates a wide range of water and mineral nutrient levels. The objective of this study was to determine the substrate temperatures and water volumes that are conducive to feijão-guandu seed germination and seedling vigor. The experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of Seed Analysis of the Centre of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, Areia, PB, Brazil. Seed germination was tested using paper towel rolls moistened with volumes of water equivalent to 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, and 4 times the dry mass of the substrate. Variable temperatures in the range of 20 C to 30 C and constant temperatures of 25 C, 30 C, and 35 C were used. The experimental design was completely randomized. The variables analyzed were water content, percent germination, first germination count, germination rate index, and seedling root and shoot lengths and dry weights. Increasing the volume of water used to moisten the substrate hindered feijão-guandu germination at all temperatures. It was determined that moistening the substrate with water volumes equivalent to 2.8 and 3.5 times the substrate dry weight at 30 C and 35 C, respectively, were the ideal conditions for evaluating feijão-guandu seed germination and seedling vigor.
Cajanus cajan (L.) Millspaugh, popularmente conhecido como feijão-guandu é uma Fabaceae que foi introduzida no Brasil por ser uma cultura de fácil adaptação às condições climáticas do país e pouco exigente em água e nutrientes minerais. Dessa forma o objetivo foi determinar o volume de água para umedecimento do substrato e temperatura adequados para testes de germinação e vigor de sementes de feijão-guandu. O trabalho foi realizado no Laboratório de Análise de Sementes, do Centro de Ciências Agrárias, da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, em Areia - PB. As sementes foram submetidas ao teste de germinação em papel-toalha, organizado na forma de rolos e umedecido com volumes de água equivalentes a 2,0; 2,5; 3,0; 3,5 e 4,0 vezes a massa do substrato seco, nas temperaturas de 20-30 C alternada e 25, 30 e 35 C constantes, em delineamento experimental inteiramente ao acaso. As variáveis analisadas foram: teor de água, porcentagem, primeira contagem e índice de velocidade de germinação de sementes, além do comprimento e massa seca de raízes e parte aérea de plântulas. O aumento do volume de água para umedecimento do substrato foi prejudicial à germinação de sementes de feijão-guandu em todas as temperaturas testadas. O umedecimento do substrato com volumes de água equivalentes a 2,8 e 3,5 vezes a massa do substrato seco, nas temperaturas de 30 e 35 C, respectivamente, é a combinação mais adequada para avaliação da germinação e vigor das sementes de feijão-guandu.
Subject(s)
Cajanus/embryology , Germination , Germination/radiation effects , WettabilityABSTRACT
Cajanus cajan (L.) Millspaugh, a member of the Fabaceae, is commonly known as feijão-guandu. It was introduced into Brazil because it readily adapts to local climate conditions and tolerates a wide range of water and mineral nutrient levels. The objective of this study was to determine the substrate temperatures and water volumes that are conducive to feijão-guandu seed germination and seedling vigor. The experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of Seed Analysis of the Centre of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, Areia, PB, Brazil. Seed germination was tested using paper towel rolls moistened with volumes of water equivalent to 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, and 4 times the dry mass of the substrate. Variable temperatures in the range of 20 C to 30 C and constant temperatures of 25 C, 30 C, and 35 C were used. The experimental design was completely randomized. The variables analyzed were water content, percent germination, first germination count, germination rate index, and seedling root and shoot lengths and dry weights. Increasing the volume of water used to moisten the substrate hindered feijão-guandu germination at all temperatures. It was determined that moistening the substrate with water volumes equivalent to 2.8 and 3.5 times the substrate dry weight at 30 C and 35 C, respectively, were the ideal conditions for evaluating feijão-guandu seed germination and seedling vigor.(AU)
Cajanus cajan (L.) Millspaugh, popularmente conhecido como feijão-guandu é uma Fabaceae que foi introduzida no Brasil por ser uma cultura de fácil adaptação às condições climáticas do país e pouco exigente em água e nutrientes minerais. Dessa forma o objetivo foi determinar o volume de água para umedecimento do substrato e temperatura adequados para testes de germinação e vigor de sementes de feijão-guandu. O trabalho foi realizado no Laboratório de Análise de Sementes, do Centro de Ciências Agrárias, da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, em Areia - PB. As sementes foram submetidas ao teste de germinação em papel-toalha, organizado na forma de rolos e umedecido com volumes de água equivalentes a 2,0; 2,5; 3,0; 3,5 e 4,0 vezes a massa do substrato seco, nas temperaturas de 20-30 C alternada e 25, 30 e 35 C constantes, em delineamento experimental inteiramente ao acaso. As variáveis analisadas foram: teor de água, porcentagem, primeira contagem e índice de velocidade de germinação de sementes, além do comprimento e massa seca de raízes e parte aérea de plântulas. O aumento do volume de água para umedecimento do substrato foi prejudicial à germinação de sementes de feijão-guandu em todas as temperaturas testadas. O umedecimento do substrato com volumes de água equivalentes a 2,8 e 3,5 vezes a massa do substrato seco, nas temperaturas de 30 e 35 C, respectivamente, é a combinação mais adequada para avaliação da germinação e vigor das sementes de feijão-guandu.(AU)
Subject(s)
Germination , Germination/radiation effects , Cajanus/embryology , WettabilityABSTRACT
Oropouche virus (OROV) is a frequent cause of arboviral febrile disease in the Amazon. The present report describes studies done in two patients, one of them; the first OROV human case acquired outside of the Amazon, which have revealed for the first time the presence of OROV in peripheral blood leukocytes. This novel finding raises important issues regarding pathogenesis of human infections and may offer a new tool, for the rapid diagnosis of this neglected infection. J. Med. Virol. 89:1108-1111, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Subject(s)
Bunyaviridae Infections/virology , Leukocytes/virology , Orthobunyavirus/isolation & purification , Adolescent , Animals , Female , Humans , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Cajanus cajan (L.) Millspaugh, a member of the Fabaceae, is commonly known as feijão-guandu. It was introduced into Brazil because it readily adapts to local climate conditions and tolerates a wide range of water and mineral nutrient levels. The objective of this study was to determine the substrate temperatures and water volumes that are conducive to feijão-guandu seed germination and seedling vigor. The experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of Seed Analysis of the Centre of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, Areia, PB, Brazil. Seed germination was tested using paper towel rolls moistened with volumes of water equivalent to 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, and 4 times the dry mass of the substrate. Variable temperatures in the range of 20 C to 30 C and constant temperatures of 25 C, 30 C, and 35 C were used. The experimental design was completely randomized. The variables analyzed were water content, percent germination, first germination count, germination rate index, and seedling root and shoot lengths and dry weights. Increasing the volume of water used to moisten the substrate hindered feijão-guandu germination at all temperatures. It was determined that moistening the substrate with water volumes equivalent to 2.8 and 3.5 times the substrate dry weight at 30 C and 35 C, respectively, were the ideal conditions for evaluating feijão-guandu seed germination and
Cajanus cajan (L.) Millspaugh, popularmente conhecido como feijão-guandu é uma Fabaceae que foi introduzida no Brasil por ser uma cultura de fácil adaptação às condições climáticas do país e pouco exigente em água e nutrientes minerais. Dessa forma o objetivo foi determinar o volume de água para umedecimento do substrato e temperatura adequados para testes de germinação e vigor de sementes de feijão-guandu. O trabalho foi realizado no Laboratório de Análise de Sementes, do Centro de Ciências Agrárias, da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, em Areia - PB. As sementes foram submetidas ao teste de germinação em papel-toalha, organizado na forma de rolos e umedecido com volumes de água equivalentes a 2,0; 2,5; 3,0; 3,5 e 4,0 vezes a massa do substrato seco, nas temperaturas de 20-30 C alternada e 25, 30 e 35 C constantes, em delineamento experimental inteiramente ao acaso. As variáveis analisadas foram: teor de água, porcentagem, primeira contagem e índice de velocidade de germinação de sementes, além do comprimento e massa seca de raízes e parte aérea de plântulas. O aumento do volume de água para umedecimento do substrato foi prejudicial à germinação de sementes de feijão-guandu em todas as temperaturas testadas. O umedecimento do substrato com volumes de água equivalentes a 2,8 e 3,5 vezes a massa do substrato seco, nas temperaturas de 30 e 35 C, respectivamente, é a combinação
ABSTRACT
Cajanus cajan (L.) Millspaugh, a member of the Fabaceae, is commonly known as feijão-guandu. It was introduced into Brazil because it readily adapts to local climate conditions and tolerates a wide range of water and mineral nutrient levels. The objective of this study was to determine the substrate temperatures and water volumes that are conducive to feijão-guandu seed germination and seedling vigor. The experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of Seed Analysis of the Centre of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, Areia, PB, Brazil. Seed germination was tested using paper towel rolls moistened with volumes of water equivalent to 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, and 4 times the dry mass of the substrate. Variable temperatures in the range of 20 C to 30 C and constant temperatures of 25 C, 30 C, and 35 C were used. The experimental design was completely randomized. The variables analyzed were water content, percent germination, first germination count, germination rate index, and seedling root and shoot lengths and dry weights. Increasing the volume of water used to moisten the substrate hindered feijão-guandu germination at all temperatures. It was determined that moistening the substrate with water volumes equivalent to 2.8 and 3.5 times the substrate dry weight at 30 C and 35 C, respectively, were the ideal conditions for evaluating feijão-guandu seed germination and
Cajanus cajan (L.) Millspaugh, popularmente conhecido como feijão-guandu é uma Fabaceae que foi introduzida no Brasil por ser uma cultura de fácil adaptação às condições climáticas do país e pouco exigente em água e nutrientes minerais. Dessa forma o objetivo foi determinar o volume de água para umedecimento do substrato e temperatura adequados para testes de germinação e vigor de sementes de feijão-guandu. O trabalho foi realizado no Laboratório de Análise de Sementes, do Centro de Ciências Agrárias, da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, em Areia - PB. As sementes foram submetidas ao teste de germinação em papel-toalha, organizado na forma de rolos e umedecido com volumes de água equivalentes a 2,0; 2,5; 3,0; 3,5 e 4,0 vezes a massa do substrato seco, nas temperaturas de 20-30 C alternada e 25, 30 e 35 C constantes, em delineamento experimental inteiramente ao acaso. As variáveis analisadas foram: teor de água, porcentagem, primeira contagem e índice de velocidade de germinação de sementes, além do comprimento e massa seca de raízes e parte aérea de plântulas. O aumento do volume de água para umedecimento do substrato foi prejudicial à germinação de sementes de feijão-guandu em todas as temperaturas testadas. O umedecimento do substrato com volumes de água equivalentes a 2,8 e 3,5 vezes a massa do substrato seco, nas temperaturas de 30 e 35 C, respectivamente, é a combinação
ABSTRACT
As sementes de Parkinsonia aculeata L. são dotadas de dormência tegumentar, o que lhes permite um longo período de sobrevivência no banco de sementes do solo, para que a germinação ocorra em condições favoráveis. Objetivou-se avaliar a influência de tratamentos pré-germinativos na superação da dormência de sementes de P. aculeata. As sementes foram submetidas aos seguintes tratamentos: testemunha sementes intactas (T1); escarificação mecânica com lixa dágua n 80 na região lateral da semente (T2); escarificação mecânica com lixa dágua n 80, seguida de embebição em água à temperatura ambiente por 12 e 24 horas (T3 e T4, respectivamente); imersão em ácido sulfúrico por 5, 10, 15 e 20 minutos (T5, T6, T7 e T8, respectivamente) e imersão em água na temperatura de 60, 70, 80 e 90C por 1 minuto (T9, T10, T11 e T12, respectivamente). As características avaliadas foram: porcentagem de emergência, primeira contagem de emergência, índice de velocidade de emergência, comprimento e massa seca de plântulas. Para os tratamentos que envolveram a imersão em água na temperatura de 60, 70, 80 e 90C verificou-se baixos percentuais de emergência. A dormência tegumentar de sementes de P. aculeata é superada com máxima eficiência pela escarificação mecânica com lixa d água, sugerindo que em ambiente natural, o movimento de contração e expansão dos solos resulta em uma escarificação mecânica no tegumento das sementes, permitindo, assim, alta taxa de germinação com distribuição ao longo do tempo.(AU)
The Parkinsonia aculeata L seeds have tegumentary dormancy, which makes them last for a long period in the seed bank of the earth so that their germination occurs in favorable conditions. Our aim was to evaluate the influence of pregermination treatments for overcoming the dormancy of P. aculeata seeds. The seeds were submitted to the following treatments: sample intact seeds (T1); mechanical scarification with water sandpaper no. 80, followed by room temperature water soaking for 12 and 24 hours (T3 e T4, respectively); immersion in sulfuric acid for 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes (T5, T6, T7 e T8, respectively); immersion in water in 60ºC, 70ºC, 80ºC and 90ºC for one minute (T9, T10, T11 e T12, respectively). The characteristics evaluated were: percentage of emergence, emergence first count, emergence speed index, height and dry weight of seedlings. In the treatments that involved immersion in water in 60ºC, 70ºC, 80ºC and 90ºC, a low percentage of emergence was obtained. The P. aculeate seeds tegumentary dormancy is overcome with maximum efficiency by the mechanical scarification with sandpaper, suggesting that, in natural environment the movement of contraction and expansion of the soil results in a mechanical scarification of the tegument of the seeds, thus, allowing a high percentage of germination with distribution as time passes.(AU)