ABSTRACT
Combined clinical, psychologic and neurophysiological investigation was conducted in children with slow-progredient schizophrenia: with dominant affective disorders and hypomaniac states (Group I, 14 patients), and with predominant neurosis-like and psychopathy-like pathology (Group II, 12 patients). The patients distinctly differed in not only the clinical course of the disease but also according to neuropsychological investigations of memory, pathopsychological and EEG studies. These data are reliably intercorrelated. A high incidence of visual mnestic, marked perception disorders, and frequent focal signs of lesion of parieto-occipital cortex with cortical irritation were all characteristics of the Group I. In Group II a high inhibitability of the traces characteristic of the diencephalic-brainstem dysfunction, predominant impairment of objective-substantional thinking and the symptoms of brainstem irritation were marked.
Subject(s)
Brain Diseases/psychology , Cerebral Cortex/physiopathology , Memory Disorders/etiology , Neurocognitive Disorders/etiology , Schizophrenia, Childhood/etiology , Schizophrenic Psychology , Adolescent , Brain Diseases/complications , Brain Diseases/physiopathology , Child , Electroencephalography , Female , Humans , Male , Memory Disorders/diagnosis , Memory Disorders/physiopathology , Neurocognitive Disorders/diagnosis , Neurocognitive Disorders/physiopathology , Neuropsychological Tests/methods , Schizophrenia, Childhood/diagnosis , Schizophrenia, Childhood/physiopathologyABSTRACT
It is shown in seven patients with partial commissurotomy in connection with arterial aneurysms of the anterior conjunctival and pericallosal arteriae, that the section of the corpus callosum leads to memory disturbances, qualitatively differing by their structure from mnemic disorders described in literature. Important role of the knee of the Corpus callosum in genesis of these disturbances is revealed, their types are described and neuropsychological are criteria formulated of evaluation of disturbance of interhemispheric interaction in the mnemic sphere, opening new perspectives in diagnosis and correction of mental processes disturbances at local brain lesions.
Subject(s)
Corpus Callosum , Intracranial Aneurysm/complications , Memory Disorders/etiology , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Corpus Callosum/physiology , Corpus Callosum/surgery , Dominance, Cerebral/physiology , Humans , Intracranial Aneurysm/surgery , Memory/physiology , Memory Disorders/diagnosis , Memory Disorders/physiopathology , Neuropsychology , Postoperative Complications/diagnosis , Postoperative Complications/physiopathology , Speech Perception/physiology , Visual Perception/physiologyABSTRACT
A total of 124 preschool children aged 5 to 6 years attending kindergartens or placed into children's homes were subjected to neurologic and neuropsychologic examinations. The alterations revealed were inconclusive and of various kinds. On the one hand, they were characterized by an increase by 5 to 6 years of age in the frequency of the minimal signs of pyramidal and cerebellar failure and of the phenomenon of mirror movements and writing. On the other hand, those alterations were marked by improved readings of the higher psychic functions. On electroneuromyography the interage differences were confirmed by a decrease of the motosensory ratio in children aged 5 years as compared to those aged 4 and 6 years. The alterations described were given the name of the "functional turn" which as the most important stage in the critical preschool period includes both progressive evolutionary jump and functional unbalance associated with rearrangement of the functions of the body or a system.
Subject(s)
Child Development , Child, Preschool , Growth , Child , Humans , Neurologic Examination , Neuropsychological TestsABSTRACT
Neurological and neuropsychological examination of 60 children (aged 5-6 years) from day-care centers has made it possible to identify a group of children at risk in relation to school disadaptation (31.7%). Minimum pyramidal, extrapyramidal, or mixed insufficiency was observed in 28.3% of children. An analysis of the severity of disorders of higher mental functions in "high risk" children has helped differentiate three forms of minimum cerebral dysfunction. The authors have outlined the perspectives of the corrective purposeful therapy in each of the forms.
Subject(s)
Ambulatory Care/methods , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/epidemiology , Child Health Services , Mass Screening/methods , Psychomotor Disorders/epidemiology , Adaptation, Physiological , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis , Child, Preschool , Higher Nervous Activity , Humans , Moscow , Neurologic Examination , Neuropsychological Tests , Psychomotor Disorders/diagnosis , Risk Factors , Urban PopulationABSTRACT
The authors have carried out neuropsychological examinations of 32 children operated for hydrocephalus on the first year of the life. A syndrome of the higher psychic function disturbances characteristics for children with early hydrocephalus is described, and the results of the neuropsychological function examinations were compared with the character, etiology, and gravity of the hydrocephalus. In the children with the early hydrocephalus a high incidence of sinistrality was revealed, the fact, that gives one grounds to explain the peculiarities of the syndrome observed in them by an anomaly of the development of the brain functional asymmetry.
