[Effectiveness of brain-computer interfaces and cognitive training using computer technologies in restoring cognitive functions in patients after stroke]. / Effektivnost' primeneniya interfeisov «mozg­komp'yuter¼ i kognitivnykh treningov s ispol'zovaniem komp'yuternykh tekhnologii v vosstanovlenii kognitivnykh funktsii u patsientov posle insul'ta.

OBJECTIVE: To study the effectiveness of brain-computer interfaces (BCI) and cognitive training using computer technologies in restoring cognitive functions in poststroke patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty-four stroke patients (mean age 59.3±10.8 years) with stroke duration of 5.1±4.7 months, were included. To assess the effectiveness of treatment, patients before and after treatment were tested using memorization of words according to the method of Luria A.R. «10 words¼, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA), the Clock Drawing Test (CDT). All patients received standard rehabilitation therapy (exercise therapy, physiotherapy, sessions with a speech therapist-neuropsychologist). Patients of the first group additionally received training on the «Neurochat¼ complex, patients of the second group - on the «Exokist-2¼ complex, patients of the third group - cognitive training according to standard programs using computer technology and visual material. RESULTS: Patients of the three groups showed a significant improvement in the total MoCA score: in the 1st and 2nd groups - p<0.01, in the 3rd group - p<0.05. According to CDT, there was a significant change in the 2nd group (p=0.018). The Luria method «10 words¼ revealed an improvement in memory in all groups (p<0.01, p<0.05), being more pronounced in the 1st and 2nd groups. CONCLUSION: The effectiveness of BCI in restoring cognitive functions in patients after a stroke in comparison with cognitive training without BCI has been demonstrated. However, there are reasons to believe that various BCIs have a specific effect on cognitive functions and have their own target group.

[Dynamics of recovery of cognitive deficit in patients in the early recovery period of ischemic stroke]. / Dinamika vosstanovleniya kognitivnogo defitsita u patsientov v rannem vosstanovitel'nom periode ishemicheskogo insul'ta.

OBJECTIVE: Study of the effectiveness of the use of the drug Ampasse in the process of complex rehabilitation in patients in the early recovery period of ischemic stroke at the second (stationary) stage. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 60 patients, 28 women and 32 men, aged 43 to 76 years (mean - 58.4±9.1 years), in the recovery period after suffering a stroke in the period from 1 to 12 months (on average - 4.7±3.5 months). All patients received complex rehabilitation, patients of the 1st group received additional intravenous injections of the drug Ampasse 25 mg (5.0 ml), 15 injections. Patients of the 2nd group (n 0) did not receive Ampasse. To assess cognitive functions, the following tests were used: the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA), Stroop's test, subtest 9 of the Wechsler test, Koos cubes (CC), the severity of anxiety and depression was assessed, and motor recovery was assessed by the hand motor activity test (ARAT). The assessment was carried out before the start of treatment and on the 21st day. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant increase in the score on the MoCA scale, in patients of the 1st group by an average of 2 points, in the 2nd group there was no significant dynamics, a statistically significant difference was found in the proportion of patients who had an increase in the MoCA index after the course of treatment in the 1st group. compared with the 2nd (χ2 - 22.528, p<0.001). Decreased the level of rigidity according to the Stroop test in patients of the 1st group compared with the 2nd (χ2 - 8.297, p=0.004). The number of patients who showed positive dynamics in the Koos cubes test in the 1st group was statistically significantly higher (χ2- 4.344, p=0.038). A statistically significant decrease in the level of depression was revealed in patients of the 1st group. The number of patients with improved motor function of the hand was greater in the 1st group of MG (χ2 - 4.286, p<0.039). CONCLUSION: In patients in complex therapy receiving intravenous administration of the drug Ampasse at a dose of 25 mg (5.0 ml) 15 administrations, a statistically significant improvement in cognitive functions was revealed according to MoCA tests, Stroop test, Koos Cubes, when compared with the comparison group. The use of Ampasse increased the effectiveness of cognitive and motor rehabilitation in patients with post-stroke disorders.