T-Lymphocyte proliferative activity in early pregnancy and outside pregnancy state.

T-lymphocytes are present in the endometrium before pregnancy and their number varies depending on menstrual cycle stage. Despite T-lymphocyte population heterogeneity, there is no clear vision of general mechanisms of decidua T-lymphocyte pool formation. One of the assumed variants is T-lymphocyte proliferation in situ. The study objective is to evaluate variations of peripheral blood T-lymphocyte proliferative activity in the presence of trophoblast cells. The peripheral blood was sampled from healthy nonpregnant women in the proliferative (n = 29) and secretory (n = 32) menstrual cycle phases and also from women on 6-7 weeks stage of physiological pregnancy (n = 30). Jeg-3 (ATCC) line cells were applied as trophoblast cells within in vitro model system. T-lymphocyte proliferation was determined by estimating the Ki-67 expression and T-lymphocyte relative number. It was established that trophoblast cells perform inhibiting effect on Ki-67 by T-lymphocytes in all groups of examined women both in course of PBMC cultivation and in case of preliminarily isolated T-lymphocytes. During cultivation in the presence of IL-2 and trophoblasts, PBMC T-lymphocytes in pregnant women are more resistant to trophoblast cells inhibition than in nonpregnant women. In case of isolated T-lymphocytes, decreased T-lymphocyte proliferation during pregnancy was observed as compared to the proliferative cycle phase hence pointing to necessity of T-lymphocyte contact with microenvironment cells for self-support.

NK and trophoblast cells interaction: cytotoxic activity on recurrent pregnancy loss.

The trial objective was to determine the peripheral blood NK cells cytotoxic activity effect on trophoblast cells at recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). The investigation involved non-pregnant women with PRL in proliferating and secretory menstrual cycle phases (PMCPh and SMCPh, respectively); women of 6-7 weeks pregnancy with RPL in past medical history; healthy fertile non-pregnant women in PMCPh and SMCPh, women of 6-7 weeks physiological pregnancy, nulliparity healthy women with regular menstrual function in PMCPh and SMCPh. NK cells cytotoxic activity was determined using peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The target cells were JEG-3 line trophoblasts. It has been established that NK cells cytotoxic activity effect on trophoblasts is lower in SMCPh than in PMCPh in non-pregnant fertile women. The NK cells cytotoxic activity was higher in SMCPh than in PMCPh in non-pregnant women with PRL and also higher than the same value in SMCPh in non-pregnant fertile women. The increased NK cells cytotoxic activity values in SMCPh in women with RPL may be the reason for miscarriage.

Influence of peripheral blood microparticles of pregnant women with preeclampsia on the phenotype of monocytes.

Platelet- and endothelial-derived microparticles influence the phenotype of peripheral blood leukocytes and induce production of proinflammatory cytokines. The influence of blood plasma microparticles of pregnant women on the surface receptor expression on intact or activated monocytes is still unexplored. This study was carried out to test the hypothesis that peripheral blood microparticles of women with normal pregnancy and women with preeclampsia have different influence on the expression of surface molecules on monocytes. The objective of the study was to evaluate the influence of blood plasma microparticles of pregnant women on the phenotypic properties of intact and activated THP-1 monocytes. Microparticles were isolated from peripheral blood samples of nonpregnant women, healthy pregnant women, and women with preeclampsia. THP-1 cell line was used as a model of monocytes. Microparticles of nonpregnant women decreased CD18, CD49d, and CD54 expressions and increased CD11c, CD31, CD47, and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 expressions. Microparticles of healthy pregnant women increased CD18, CD54, and integrin ß7 expressions and decreased CD11a and CD29 expressions. Microparticles of women with preeclampsia decreased CD18 expression on tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α)-activated ТНР-1 cells. Microparticles of nonpregnant women, women with normal pregnancy, and pregnant women with preeclampsia decreased CD181 expression on intact and TNF-α-activated THP-1 cells. Therefore, blood plasma microparticles of women with normal pregnancy and women with preeclampsia have different influences on the expression of surface molecules on THP-1 monocytes.