[Quepen() and related issues].

Based on the features of the Chinese constellation Kuixiu() as seen in archaeological and documentary historical materials and the fact that it is also known as Quepen (), the reason why the pelvis was named Quepen was discussed. To verify the relationship between Jian gu (,Clavicle and shoulder blades) and Quepen on the basis of Kui in qinjian rishu corresponds to the term Jian shang () on the Divination Birth Chart() in bamboo strips of Former Han Dynasty collected byPeking University.Taking the Huangdi Neijing and other relevant documents as clues, the reason of "quepen" may refer to the jugular notch is clarifid.Taking the two acupoints of "quepen" and "Tianshu" as examples, it reveals the habit of the ancients to use the names of human body parts and transfer them to the names of acupoints.

[On the Chu or Qu() of Wu shi er bing fang (Prescriptions for Fifty-two Diseases) and relevant issues].

In Article 30 of Wu shi er bing fang(Prescriptions for Fifty-two Diseases) , the "Qu ()" in "Shen Shen Er Bu Neng Qu ()" has an opposite relation with "Shen ()" , that is, "Shen ()" , and it should be interpreted as "Qu ()" , that is bend. Thus, in "Shen Shen Er Bu Neng Qu ()" , bodies that appear to have "Shang Jing()" (spasmodic disease), causing stiffness and unable to flex. In Article 308 of Wu shi er bing fang, "Xi Xi Chu Chu()" and "Xi Xi Chu Chu ()" are synonymous. The "Chu ()" in "Xi Xi Chu Chu ()" is interpreted as "(exit)" while "Xi Xi Chu Chu ()" depicts a curse in which an evil fire is summoned out of an oven. Therefore, the character "□" in the title of the text "□" should be considered to be the character for "(fire)" . Meanwhile, due to the wounds in the battle field, ancient people emphasized "Heng ()" . In other words, as the shin is an often site in battle wounds, it explains why "Heng Shang ()" is added after the title "Heng Liao ()" . Similarly, the "Heng Shang ()" battle wound, the text of the Mawangdui depicts the running course of Meridian in the lower extremity, while the much used expression of "Ji()" is related to captives of war. This association is suggested to have been derived from "the use of leg shackles" .

[Concepts of "urinary bladder" and "vesicles (bao)" , "jin ye" (fluid and humor) and "urine" and other associated issues].

In the Huang di nei jing(Huangdi's Internal Classic), jin ye (fluid and humor) is described in two senses, broad and narrow, though not so strictly.Sometimes, jin ye is explained ambiguously as "sweat" and "urine" , as in the phrase "the bladder, being a house of jin ye" , here "jin ye" refers to the urine. In the Qi jue lun pian of Su wen (Chapter on Qi-Syncope of Plain Questions) , the "bao" in the sentence "heat of bao moved to bladder" refersto the uterus. In the Shi cong rong lun pian (Chapter of Readily Inspecting) of Plain Questions, the "bladder" in the phrase "gallbladder, stomach, large intestine, small intestine, spleen, bao and bladder" , which, being an annotation of "bao" originally, is mistakenly incorporated into the text of the Classic. In the Wu wei lun of Ling shu (On Five Tastes in Miraculous Pivot) , the "bao" in "bao of bladder" refers to the external hou (external manifestation) of the bladder, that is the scrotum. In the Bei ji qian jin yao fang (Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold for Emergencies) , the short sentence "pang guang zou bao" is an error in itself. In the sentence of "settled in the bao and zhi causing to dream of defecation and urination" in the Yin xie fa meng (Dreams due to Evils) of Miraculous Pivot, "bao" refers to uterus, and "zhi" to anus. In Bi lun pian(Chapter on Impediment) of Plain Questions, "the man suffered bao bimight feel internal pain when the lesser abdomen and bladder are pressed" , here, "bao" refers to the bladder. In the Wu yin wu wei(Chapter on Five Sound and Five Tastes) of Miraculous Pivot, the "bao" in the sentence "thoroughfare vessel and conception vessel all starts from bao" , again, "bao" here refers to the bladder, rather than to the uterus. From the above descriptions of "bladder" and "bao" in the Huangdi's Internal Classic, the "bladder" in ancient medical books refers to the substantial bladder, an anatomical organ, and "bao" refers to cystiform organs, including the bladder, uterus, scrotum etc.

[A reconsideration of Tui and the original model of Jueyin].

Revelation of the intrinsic characteristics of"tui"led to questioning of the"hypothesis that tui refers to Bancroftianfilariasis". The analysis of medical bamboo slips from the Han Dynasty unearthed in Wuwei proved that the disease referred to as"Tuo Xia Yang Shi(subscrotalmoistitch)"in these slips was most probably the one now known as Bancroftianfilariasis. The decipherment of numerous bamboo slips from the Chu State that are considered to date back to the period of Warring States revealed that the predecessor to Jue Yin disease was named"or or or or )D or A or C or F or H"; however, medical texts from Mawangdui and Mount Zhangjia refer to this disease as"tui(、>、)"and"tui()"respectively, whereas HuangdiNeijing (The Yellow Emperor's Inner Classic) renames this disease as"tui(、、)", revealing that everything was rendered phonetically.