ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To describe a novel dissector device useful in laparoscopy, better definition of anatomic structures to have a better dissection, separation, and cleaning of the structures. METHOD: The endoscopic dissector DisePad was designed and developed at the experimental surgery department of Centro Médico Nacional 20 de Noviembre, and properly patented at Instituto Mexicano de la Propiedad Industrial (title 3512). RESULTS: The tip of the device is the most important component, by its direct contact with the different tissues, consists of a cotton-polyester black cloth impregnated with a special gel immersed into a hot saline solution. Once soaked the tip maintains the solution temperature on itself. CONCLUSIONS: This device has been used in 364 laparoscopic procedures demonstrating, its utility to visualize, separate and clean anatomical structures without thermal lesion, tear, hemorrhage or visceral perforation.
OBJETIVO: Describir un nuevo dispositivo disector en laparoscopia, con una mejor definición de las estructuras anatómicas para obtener una mejor disección,separación y limpieza de las estructuras. MÉTODO: El disector endoscópico DisePad fue diseñado y desarrollado en el servicio de cirugía experimental del Centro Médico Nacional 20 de Noviembre, y patentado ante el Instituto Mexicano de la Propiedad Industrial (registro n.º 3512). RESULTADOS: El componente más importante del disector es la punta que tiene contacto con los tejidos: es una tela de algodón-poliéster negra impregnada en un gel (patentado) que, al ser sumergido en un termo con solución salina caliente, permite retener la temperatura. CONCLUSIONES: Este dispositivo ha sido utilizado en 364 procedimientos quirúrgicos por vía laparoscópica y ha demostrado ser útil para visualizar, separar y limpiar estructuras anatómicas sin producir daño por lesión térmica, desgarre, hemorragia ni perforación visceral.
Subject(s)
Equipment Design , Laparoscopy , Laparoscopy/instrumentation , Humans , Dissection/instrumentationABSTRACT
Introducción: La información y el conocimiento constituyen recursos estratégicos en las organizaciones ya que garantizan una efectiva toma de decisiones y mayor adaptabilidad a contextos cada vez más dinámicos y cambiantes. Objetivo: Proponer una herramienta diagnóstica para evaluar la comprensión de la Gestión de Información y el Conocimiento en el Centro Nacional de Información de Ciencias Médicas/Infomed. Métodos: Se realizó un análisis de las particularidades de la Gestión de Información y el Conocimiento en las organizaciones. Se caracterizó el Centro Nacional de Información de Ciencias Médicas/Infomed, teniendo en cuenta su objeto social, estructura y actividad informacional. Resultados: Se propone una herramienta ajustada a las características de dicha entidad para el diagnóstico de la comprensión de la Gestión de Información y el Conocimiento. Esta herramienta diagnóstica esboza cuatro divisiones estructurales para la recogida de información. Su concepción y diseño valoran, entre otros aspectos de interés, los elementos cognitivos y de comportamiento de los trabajadores de cara a los procesos de Gestión de Información y el Conocimiento. Conclusiones: Esta herramienta permite diagnosticar el estado de la comprensión de la Gestión de Información y el Conocimiento en el Centro Nacional de Información de Ciencias Médicas/Infomed, sobre la base de la importancia de la identificación y el desarrollo de estos procesos en la organización. También tiene en cuenta la necesidad de articular aquellos componentes de la gestión desde todos los niveles de la organización con el propósito de fomentar una cultura informacional(AU)
Introduction: Information and knowledge are strategic resources in organizations, since they guarantee effective decision making and greater adaptability to increasingly dynamic and changing contexts. Objective: To propose a diagnostic tool for assessing the understanding of information and knowledge management at the Centro Nacional de Información de Ciencias Médicas/Infomed. Methods: An analysis was carried out of the particularities of information and knowledge management in organizations. Centro Nacional de Información de Ciencias Médicas/Infomed was characterized, taking into account its social purpose, structure and informational activity. Results: A tool adjusted to the characteristics of this entity is proposed for diagnosing the understanding of information and knowledge management. This diagnostic tool outlines four structural divisions for collecting the information. Its conception and design assess, among other aspects of interest, the cognitive and behavioral elements of the workers in the face of the information and knowledge management processes. Conclusions: This tool makes it possible to diagnose the state of understanding of information and knowledge management at Centro Nacional de Información de Ciencias Médicas/Infomed, based on the importance of identifying and developing these processes in the organization. It also takes into account the need to articulate those management components from all organizational levels and with the purpose of fostering an informational culture(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Medical Informatics Applications , Information Management/education , Decision Making , Comprehension , Knowledge Management , Information Science/education , Information Centers/trends , Occupational GroupsABSTRACT
Introducción: la evaluación científica y los estudios bibliométricos han devenido en procesos de gran interés e importancia debido a que la investigación científica es un indicador de calidad para las instituciones científicas y académicas. La Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Granma es una institución de Educación Médica Superior cuya finalidad es la formación y desarrollo de las Ciencias Médicas en la región basada en la integración docencia-asistencia-investigación. Es por esto que se hace necesario comprender el impacto y el comportamiento de su producción científica desde una perspectiva internacional. Objetivo: analizar la producción científica de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Granma en la base de datos bibliográfica Scopus. Métodos: se realizó un estudio bibliométrico retrospectivo y de carácter descriptivo de toda la producción científica de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Granma, usando como fuente de información la base de datos Scopus. Resultados: se identificó una alta concentración de trabajos en idioma español y en revistas cubanas de Q4 aunque predominaron las investigaciones originales. La colaboración internacional se comportó favorable. Por último, el posicionamiento internacional de la universidad es todavía insustancial. Conclusiones: la producción científica de la UCMG presenta valores moderados en cuanto a los indicadores de productividad, visibilidad e impacto. Este comportamiento presenta una marcada tendencia al aumento para los últimos años y se prevé un mejoramiento de estos patrones en años futuros.
Introduction: scientific evaluation and bibliometric studies have become processes of great interest and importance because scientific research is a quality indicator for scientific and academic institutions. The University of Medical Sciences of Granma is an institution of Higher Medical Education whose purpose is the training and development of Medical Sciences in the region based on teaching-assistance-research integration. This is why it is necessary to understand the impact and behavior of its scientific production from an international perspective. Objective: to analyze the scientific production of the Granma University of Medical Sciences in the Scopus bibliographic database. Methods: a retrospective and descriptive bibliometric study of all the scientific production of the University of Medical Sciences of Granma was carried out, using the Scopus database as a source of information. Results: a high concentration of works in the Spanish language and in Cuban Q4 journals was identified, although original research predominated. International collaboration behaved favourably. Finally, the international positioning of the university is still insubstantial. Conclusions: the scientific production of the UCMG presents moderate values in terms of indicators of productivity, visibility and impact. This behavior shows a marked upward trend in recent years and an improvement in these patterns is expected in future years.
Introdução: a avaliação científica e os estudos bibliométricos tornaram-se processos de grande interesse e importância, pois a pesquisa científica é um indicador de qualidade para as instituições científicas e acadêmicas. A Universidade de Ciências Médicas do Granma é uma instituição de Ensino Superior Médico cuja finalidade é a formação e o desenvolvimento das Ciências Médicas na região com base na integração ensino-assistência-pesquisa. Por isso, é necessário compreender o impacto e o comportamento de sua produção científica a partir de uma perspectiva internacional. Objetivo: analisar a produção científica da Universidade de Ciências Médicas do Granma na base de dados bibliográfica Scopus. Resultados: identificou-se alta concentração de artigos em periódicos Q4 espanhóis e cubanos, emboratenha predominado pesquisas originais. A colaboração internacional foi favorável. Por fim, o posicionamento internacional da universidade aindaé insubstancial. Conclusões: a produção científica da UCMG apresenta valores moderados em termos de indicadores de produtividade, visibilidade e impacto. Esse comportamento mostra uma acentuada tendência de aumento nos últimos anos e espera-se uma melhora nesses padrões nos próximos anos.
ABSTRACT
En el año 2021 se desarrollan investigaciones en el Centro Nacional de Información de Ciencias Médicas para analizar el comportamiento de la producción científica cubana en salud en varias bases de datos. Como resultado de estos procesos se generó una serie de informes bibliométricos enfocados en el apoyo a la toma de decisiones de los directivos del sistema. Uno de los componentes analizados fueron las instituciones cubanas que contribuyen a la producción científica del país en temas relacionados con la salud. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo identificar las principales instituciones cubanas que más impacto tienen en la producción científica cubana relacionada con las Ciencias de la Salud. Se realizó un análisis bibliométrico descriptivo en múltiples fuentes de información. Los datos fueron extraídos durante los primeros meses del año 2021. Las instituciones investigativas de salud y centros de biotecnología son los que más aportan a las publicaciones. También contribuyen de forma elevada varios centros de enseñanza superior. Es la Universidad de La Habana la entidad que mayor cantidad de artículos tributa en todas las bases de datos, seguida por la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de La Habana y la Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas. Esto destaca la importancia de las universidades y su rol para el desarrollo de la ciencia y la investigación en el país. Se detectaron problemas en los procesos de declaración de metadatos y errores en los nombres de las instituciones en las bases de datos, lo cual influye directamente en el comportamiento de la producción científica cubana en salud.
In the year 2021, research is being developed at the National Center for Medical Sciences Information to analyze the behavior of Cuban scientific production in health in several databases. As a result of these processes, a series of bibliometric reports were generated to support decision making by the system's managers. One of the components analyzed were the Cuban institutions that contribute to the country's scientific production in health-related topics. The objective of this work was to identify the main Cuban institutions that have the greatest impact on Cuban scientific production related to Health Sciences. A descriptive bibliometric analysis was carried out in multiple sources of information. The data were extracted during the first months of the year 2021. Health research institutions and biotechnology centers are the main contributors to publications. Several higher education centers also contribute a high number of publications. The University of Havana is the entity that contributes the largest number of articles in all the databases, followed by the University of Medical Sciences of Havana and the Central University "Marta Abreu" of Las Villas. This highlights the importance of universities and their role in the development of science and research in the country. Problems were detected in the processes of metadata declaration and errors in the names of the institutions in the databases, which directly influence the behavior of Cuban scientific production in health.
ABSTRACT
El presente estudio tiene como objetivo principal examinar la aplicación de la neutrosofía en el campo de las ciencias médicas, a través de una revisión bibliográfica narrativa. Se ha determinado que la neutrosofía se relaciona con áreas como la imagenología, el análisis clínico y la toma de decisiones en el diagnóstico y la gestión de la salud. La implementación de la neutrosofía en la toma de decisiones puede disminuir la probabilidad de cometer errores, tanto en aspectos administrativos como en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de enfermedades. La presencia de herramientas neutrosóficas en la tecnología médica resulta fundamental para superar dificultades y mejorar la eficiencia en la atención médica. La integración de sistemas de diagnóstico asistido por ordenador, información clínica y administrativa puede potenciar los flujos de trabajo, optimizando así la prestación de servicios médicos. La neutrosofía, al reducir la incertidumbre en la práctica médica, ofrece la posibilidad de revolucionar la forma en que se brinda atención médica. Su aplicación conlleva el potencial de transformar los procesos y mejorar la calidad de la atención, lo que implica un avance significativo en el campo de la medicina(AU)
The main objective of this study is to examine the application of neutrosophy in the field of medical sciences through a narrative literature review. It has been determined that neutrosophy is related to areas such as imaging, clinical analysis, and decision-making in diagnosis and health management. Implementing neutrosophy in decision-making can reduce the likelihood of errors, both in administrative aspects and in diagnosing and treating diseases. The presence of neutrosophic tools in medical technology is essential to overcome challenges and improve efficiency in healthcare. Integrating computer-assisted diagnosis systems, clinical and administrative information can enhance workflow, thereby optimizing the provision of medical services. By reducing uncertainty in medical practice, Neutrosophy offers the possibility to revolutionize the way healthcare is delivered. Its application has the potential to transform processes and improve the quality of care, representing a significant advancement in medicine(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Philosophy , Health Management , Uncertainty , Health SciencesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: We aimed to establish new cut-off values for SIRS (Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome) variables in the obstetric population. METHODS: A prospective cohort study in pregnant and postpartum women admitted with systemic infections between December 2017 and January 2019. Patients were divided into three cohorts: Group A, patients with infection but without severe maternal outcomes (SMO); Group B, patients with infection and SMO or admission to the intensive care unit (ICU); and Group C, a control group. Outcome measures were ICU admission and SMO. The relationship between SIRS criteria and SMO was expressed as the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUROC), selecting the best cut-off for each SIRS criterion. RESULTS: A total of 541 obstetric patients were enrolled, including 341 with infections and 200 enrolled as the reference group (Group C). The patients with infections included 313 (91.7%) in Group A and 28 (8.2%) in Group B. There were significant differences for all SIRS variables in Group B, compared with Groups A and C, but there were no significant differences between Groups A and C. The best cut-off values were the following: temperature 38.2 °C, OR 4.1 (1.8-9.0); heart rate 120 bpm, OR 2.9 (1.2-7.4); respiratory rate 22 bpm, OR 4.1 (1.6-10.1); and leukocyte count 16,100 per mcl, OR 3.5 (1.6-7.6). CONCLUSIONS: The cut-off values for SIRS variables did not differ between healthy and infected obstetric patients. However, a higher cut-off may help predict the population with a higher risk of severe maternal outcomes.
Subject(s)
Infections , Obstetric Labor Complications , Puerperal Infection , Risk Adjustment/methods , Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome , Adult , Cohort Studies , Colombia/epidemiology , Early Diagnosis , Female , Humans , Infections/complications , Infections/diagnosis , Infections/epidemiology , Infections/physiopathology , Intensive Care Units/statistics & numerical data , Leukocyte Count/methods , Maternal Mortality , Obstetric Labor Complications/diagnosis , Obstetric Labor Complications/etiology , Obstetric Labor Complications/mortality , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Outcome/epidemiology , Puerperal Infection/blood , Puerperal Infection/etiology , Puerperal Infection/mortality , Puerperal Infection/therapy , Risk Assessment/methods , Symptom Assessment/methods , Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome/blood , Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome/epidemiology , Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome/etiology , Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome/therapyABSTRACT
La pesquisa activa en salud ha sido definida por Fernández Sacasas JA y Díaz Novás J, como el conjunto de acciones diagnósticas que tienden a identificar el estado de salud individual en grupos de población, con la finalidad de establecer los factores de riesgo existentes y descubrir tempranamente la morbilidad oculta, con el objetivo de ser incluidos en programas y de este modo, garantizar su seguimiento y atención continuada.1 Dicho concepto se patentiza en el Sistema Nacional de Salud Cubano, al hacer que la Atención Primaria de Salud sea la base angular del sistema, dándole accesibilidad a los servicios de salud a la totalidad de la población del país. Esto permite dar atención médica continua con un manejo integrador de sus problemas y sus determinantes sociales de salud. Es, por tanto, que en su concepción, desde que en el año 1984 se funda el Programa del Médico y la Enfermera de la Familia, la pesquisa activa que realizan los especialistas de la Medicina General
Subject(s)
Research Design/standards , Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology , CubaABSTRACT
Es bien conocido que la ambigüedad de los metadatos en las publicaciones científicas registradas en las bases de datos de primer nivel es un problema global.(1) Las consecuencias de los errores en los metadatos de las publicaciones varían desde la no recuperación del documento a la hora de buscarlo hasta la falta de visibilidad de una institución en particular o de un país. (2) La producción científica de Cuba no escapa de estos errores tan frecuentes. En este caso vamos a referirnos especialmente a la base de datos Scopus, disponible desde principios del presente año para el sistema de salud de Cuba(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Health Systems , Scientific and Technical Publications , Metadata , CubaABSTRACT
Ten years after undergoing sleeve gastrectomy, a 39-year-old man developed pancreatitis and, after recovery, presented with severe diarrhea. An image study showed barium contrast passing from the stomach to the colon. Before surgery, initial treatment consisted of parenteral nutrition and antibiotics. The patient then underwent robot-assisted resection of a gastrocolic fistula and omentoplasty. However, 72 h after surgery, the amount of suction drainage suggested that the fistulous track repair was leaking. Therefore, we decided to perform endoscopy to place a self-expanding covered stent at the gastroesophageal junction as well as a nasojejunal tube to continue nutritional supplementation. After the patient had fasted for 2 weeks, there was no evidence of leakage in the image studies. The patient was discharged after he had clinically improved, and the stent was removed at the end of 8 weeks. The combination of robot-assisted surgery and endoscopic management is effective for treating gastrocolic fistula.
Subject(s)
Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal/methods , Gastric Fistula/etiology , Gastric Fistula/surgery , Intestinal Fistula/etiology , Intestinal Fistula/surgery , Pancreatitis/complications , Robotic Surgical Procedures , Adult , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Barium Sulfate , Contrast Media , Gastrectomy , Gastric Fistula/diagnostic imaging , Humans , Intestinal Fistula/diagnostic imaging , Male , Parenteral Nutrition , StentsABSTRACT
Helicobacter pylori infection is relevant, due to its role in different gastric pathologies; there are several diagnostic methods, which are divided into invasive and non-invasive. In the first category histology has been considered the gold standard, while other methods include imprint with Gram stain and rapid urease test, which can produce dependable results. The aim of this study is to compare several available techniques for H. pylori diagnosis to know their sensitivity and specificity. We studied 88 patients, 50 women and 38 men, with age range from 17 to 83 years (48.8+/-14.3) from the Endoscopy Department of the 20 de Noviembre Medical Center; in all five to eight biopsies were taken from gastric mucosa to perform rapid urease test, Gram-stained imprint and histology. Endoscopic findings included gastritis (87.50%), pangastritis (2.30%) and another diagnoses (10.22%). Rapid urease test was positive in 40 patients and negative in 48, while imprint was 34 and 54, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity were as follows: rapid urease test, 84.8 and 78.5%, and imprint 75.8 and 83.6%, respectively. In conclusion, H. pylori diagnosis by rapid urease test is a dependable and quick method. On the other hand, imprint is useful but depends on the ability of the personnel who perform the test.
Subject(s)
Helicobacter Infections/diagnosis , Helicobacter pylori/isolation & purification , Peptic Ulcer/pathology , Urease , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Biopsy , Breath Tests/methods , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Gastric Mucosa/microbiology , Gastric Mucosa/pathology , Gastritis/microbiology , Gastritis/pathology , Gastroscopy , Helicobacter Infections/microbiology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Peptic Ulcer/microbiology , Prospective Studies , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To determine a simplified method for nutritional status evaluation in surgical patients to identify patients prone to develop complications. METHODS: A prospective study was carried out to determine prognostic index of patients in whom major abdominal surgery was performed, based on nutritional assessment. We proposed a simplified and accessible method for daily evaluation of patients in any hospital even in an emergency setting. The following parameters were used: complete blood count (CBC); blood chemistry (BC); protrombine time (PT); total serum protein (TSP), and anthropometrics. RESULTS: Study population consisted of 200 patients divided in two groups depending on type of surgical intervention, i.e., emergency or elective procedure. Complications associated with different stages of malnourishment were analyzed by simplified nutritional assessment system. Of 200 patients analyzed, 123 had several stages of malnutrition, 62 were malnourished, complicated patients (50.41%), and 77 had adequate nutritional status; of these, 10 also had complications (12.99%). DISCUSSION: We were able to conclude that simplified nutritional assessment system is not a useful absolute predictive indicator of possible complications. However, some parameters could be useful to identify patients with nutritional depletion with tendency for post-surgical complications.
Subject(s)
Malnutrition/diagnosis , Nutrition Assessment , Preoperative Care , Surgical Procedures, Operative , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prospective Studies , Young AdultABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To determine advantages and disadvantages of manual vs mechanical sutures in colon surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective study of clinical files of 84 colon surgery patients was conducted, to establish morbidity and mortality of these patients with special emphasis in length of surgical procedure and type of suture used during procedure (either manual or mechanical). RESULTS: Of 84 patients included in this study, manual suture was used in 70 (group 1) and mechanical suture in 14 (group 2). Most common preoperative diagnosis was diverticular disease in 22 cases (26.2%), 20 for group with manual suture, and two for group with mechanical suture. Most common surgical procedure was colectomy with ileoproctoanastomosis in group 1 and lower anterior resection with coloproctoanastomosis in group 2. Five cases presented complications (2.85%) with manual suture, while only one case presented complications in group 2 (7.14%). Main complications were dehiscence in group 1 and stenosis in group 2. DISCUSSION: There were no significant differences between both types of suture in terms of time of surgical procedure; there were no statistical differences for both techniques in terms of morbidity and mortality. However, there is shorter time of recovery in patients in whom mechanical suture was used with less tissue edema due to manipulation and less disability period.
Subject(s)
Colonic Diseases/surgery , Suture Techniques , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Anastomosis, Surgical/methods , Colon/surgery , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Rectum/surgery , Retrospective Studies , Young AdultABSTRACT
Siendo la hidatidosis una enfermedad que cursa en forma asintomática durante gran parte de su evolución, el diagnóstico se plantea en el control ecográfico rutinario de las embarazadas, las cuales rara vez reportan síntomas. A través de un protocolo prospectivo de tratamiento de la hidatidosis en la embarazada, se intervinieron quirúrgicamente en nuestro servicio a 4 embarazadas durante el período abril de 1996, mayo de 1997. Las pacientes tenían 21, 41, 25, y 32 años de edad, su diagnóstico fue confirmado mediante ecografía abdominal y determinación de inmunoglobulinas específicas. Se les sometió a tratamiento quirúrgico a las 26, 38, 14 y 28 semanas, respectivamente, efectuándose quistectomía total y/o subtotal en todas sus lesiones. Todas las pacientes presentaban quistes fértiles. La evolución postoperatoria fue satisfactoria, sin complicaciones. En todos los casos se obtuvo finalmente recién nacidos de término sin complicaciones
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adult , Echinococcosis/surgery , Pregnancy Complications/surgery , Clinical Evolution , Echinococcosis/diagnosis , Immunoglobulin E , Immunoglobulin G , Immunoglobulins/therapeutic use , Pregnancy Complications/diagnosis , Pregnancy Outcome , Surgical Procedures, OperativeABSTRACT
Se comparan tres dimensiones psicosociales (eventos vitales, soporte social y percepción del control), entre un grupo de 40 sujetos que consultan en un policlínico de psiquiatría y tienen diagnósticos de trastorno depresivo y/o ansiedad y/o somatoforme, con un grupo equivalente de control. El grupo clínico presenta diferencias estadísticamente significativas del grupo control con un mayor puntaje en la escala de eventos vitales, puntaje menor en la de soporte social, baja expectativa de apoyo social y tendencia, en la percepción del control interpersonal, hacia la externalidad. Al analizar las relaciones entre las diferentes variables psicosociales, se aprecia que los eventos vitales son independientes de las otras dos, y que el soporte social y la percepción del control se hallan asociadas entre sí