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1.
Demetra (Rio J.) ; 18: 69325, 2023. ^etab, ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1442919

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Este estudo visou avaliar o desempenho da razão cintura-estatura (RCE) como indicador complementar do estado nutricional na primeira fase da adolescência. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo transversal com 148 adolescentes (10 a 13 anos de idade) de duas escolas de Macaé, RJ, realizado em 2016/2017. Foram coletadas informações de maturação sexual, peso, estatura e perímetro da cintura (PC). Para verificar como as classificações do índice de massa corporal-para-idade (IMC/I), PC e RCE dialogam em termos de triagem de risco em saúde, foi feito o teste Kappa. Os limites máximos de sensibilidade e especificidade da RCE segundo o IMC/I foram analisados pela curva ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristics). Resultados: Dentre os avaliados, 51,4% eram meninas e mais de 60% encontravam-se nos dois primeiros estágios de maturação sexual. A prevalência de excesso de peso (sobrepeso+obesidade) foi 31,8%, obesidade 17,6% e RCE elevada 20,3%, sem diferença segundo sexo e maturação sexual. A RCE apresentou boa concordância com excesso de peso (Kappa=0,707) e obesidade (Kappa=0,780). Já a concordância entre IMC/I e PC foi pobre. O valor de 0,45 da RCE foi o ponto de corte mais adequado para identificar os adolescentes com excesso de peso. Conclusões: Este trabalho sugere que a RCE apresenta melhor desempenho que o PC como indicador complementar do estado nutricional no início da adolescência. A RCE agrega informação sobre a gordura central ponderada pela estatura, não requer curva de comparação e apresenta ponto de corte, o que facilita ações de triagem nos serviços de saúde e em estudos epidemiológicos.


Objective: This study evaluated the performance of the Waist-to-Height Ratio (WHR) as an additional indicator of nutritional status in the first phase of adolescence. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, developed in 2016/2017, with 148 adolescents (10 to 13 years old) from two public schools of Macaé, a municipality in Rio de Janeiro, Southeast Brazil. We collected information on sexual maturation, weight, height, and waist circumference (WC). The Kappa Test was performed to verify the accordance among Body Mass Index-for-Age (BMI/A), WC, and WHR in relation to health risk screening. The maximum limits of sensitivity and specificity of WHR according to BMI/A were analyzed by ROC curve (Receiver Operating Characteristics). Results: Among the participants, 51.4% were girls, and more than 60% were in the first two stages of sexual maturation. The prevalence of excess weight (overweight+obesity) was 31.8%, obesity 17.6%, and high WHR 20.3%, with no difference according to sex and sexual maturation. WHR showed good agreement with excess weight (Kappa=0.707) and obesity (Kappa=0.780). The agreement between BMI/A and WC was poor. The value 0.45 was the most appropriate WHR cutoff point to identify adolescents with excess weight. Conclusions: This study suggests that WHR performs better than WC as an additional indicator of nutritional status in early adolescence. WHR brings information on central adiposity weighted by height, does not require a comparison curve, and has a cutoff point, which may facilitate screening in health services and epidemiological studies.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Nutrition Assessment , Nutritional Status , Adolescent Nutrition , Waist-Height Ratio , Students , Brazil , Anthropometry , Overweight , Obesity
2.
Nutr Bull ; 47(4): 449-460, 2022 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36317893

ABSTRACT

This study was aimed at describing the snack consumption among Brazilian adolescents. The Brazilian National Dietary Survey (2017-2018) is a nationwide representative cross-sectional study that collected food consumption data from 8264 adolescents (10 to 19 years old); data from one 24-h recall were used, in which all foods and beverages consumed throughout the day prior to the interview were described along with the amount, unit of measurement, time, place and occasion of consumption (breakfast, lunch, dinner or snack). Snacks were classified as follows: (a) Morning snack: "Snacks" consumed between 6 AM and 12 PM; (b) Afternoon snack: "Snacks" consumed between 1 PM and 5 PM; (c) Evening snack: "Snacks" consumed between 6 PM and 5 AM. Individuals were categorised according to the number of "Snacks" per day (zero, one, two or three or more). Among the evaluated adolescents, 52.8% were female and 23.0% were overweight. The consumption of at least one snack per day was mentioned by 88.2% of the adolescents, with an average of 2.33 snacks per day. An afternoon snack was consumed by 70.0% of the adolescents. Snack consumption was related to higher mean daily energy intake and a greater contribution of carbohydrates, added sugar and trans fat to the total daily energy intake. 'Cookies & Crackers' and 'Fast Foods' were the groups that contributed the most to the energy intake provided by snacks, showing, therefore, that less healthy foods were relevant components of the snacks consumed. For their important contribution to food intake, snacking habits deserve attention among the topics covered in dietary guidelines.


Subject(s)
Diet , Snacks , Adolescent , Female , Humans , Child , Young Adult , Adult , Male , Cross-Sectional Studies , Brazil , Habits
3.
Saúde Redes ; 8(Supl. 2): 295-312, 20221119.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1411534

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: O presente artigo objetiva relatar uma experiência vivenciada pelo grupo de alunos, professores e preceptores do Projeto PET-Saúde/Interprofissionalidade da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro/Campus Macaé no desenvolvimento de Oficinas Interprofissionais com três equipes de saúde da família atuantes no período da pandemia de COVID-19 no município de Macaé, no ano de 2020. Método: Trata-se de um relato de experiência. O trabalho envolveu as seguintes etapas: I) Caracterizando a APS no município de Macaé no contexto da pandemia de COVID-19; II) Planejamento das Oficinas Interprofissionais em saúde; III) Operacionalização das Oficinas; IV) Reflexões a partir da experiência retratada. Resultados: Os relatos traduzidos em forma de poesia expressaram de forma vívida o impacto de experienciar o trabalho das equipes de saúde da Família através das oficinas desenvolvidas. Reconhecer que a AB é uma linha de frente que precisa ser fortalecida, no sentido da capacitação dos profissionais, suporte técnico e material para realização da identificação de casos novos, bem como orientações para proceder ao isolamento domiciliar, acompanhamento e monitoramento dos contatos, pode fazer uma grande diferença na resposta do sistema de saúde à pandemia. Conclusões: Protagonizando ações de impacto significativo no enfrentamento da pandemia, o trabalho da APS pode ser fortalecido com ações de valorização dos profissionais e a promoção de espaços de diálogos e reflexões acerca dos seus próprios processos de trabalho, e os desdobramentos das mudanças a partir deles instituídas.

4.
Saúde Redes ; 8(Sup 1): 221-233, 20220708.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1395451

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: avaliar a deficiência de iodo em gestantes, nutrizes e lactentes. Fonte de dados: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa com busca sistemática nas bases de dados Medline, Scielo, Lilacs e Pubmed. Utilizou-se como descritores "deficiência de iodo", "iodo", "leite materno" e "lactente" e seus respectivos vocábulos em inglês. As publicações foram pré-selecionadas pelos títulos e resumos, e posteriormente pela leitura integral, sendo excluídos, aqueles resumos que não atendiam aos critérios inclusão. Na busca inicial foram identificadas 72 publicações. Após avaliação dos títulos dos artigos e exclusão dos que estavam em duplicata, 66 artigos foram potencialmente elegíveis e seguiram para etapa de leitura dos resumos. Após essa etapa, 37 foram excluídos. Seguiu-se com a leitura na íntegra que gerou a exclusão de mais 18 estudos. Do total inicial, 11 artigos foram incluídos nesta revisão. A maioria dos artigos selecionados retrataram deficiência de iodo em uma parcela significativa do grupo avaliado, especialmente em gestantes cuja prevalência de deficiência variou de 24 a 92%. Resumo das conclusões: Os resultados sinalizam que se faz pertinente a discussão sobre a necessidade ou não de suplementação de iodo para gestantes e nutrizes, visto que, nem todos os suplementos utilizados durante a gestação e lactação, contêm iodo na sua composição. Os estudos analisados, na sua maioria, apontam para importante deficiência de iodo no grupo materno-infantil cenário preocupante dada as demandas nutricionais aumentadas neste grupo.

5.
J Nutr Metab ; 2022: 7542632, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36590239

ABSTRACT

Objective: The objective is to analyze the concentration of iodine in Brazilian drinking water and its possible contribution to iodine intake for different groups. Methods: Water samples collected from primary healthcare units in eight locations distributed across all five macroregions of Brazil were analyzed. The quantification of iodine in the water samples was done by spectrophotometry (leuco crystal violet method). To classify the degree of iodine concentration, the recommendation of the Ministry of Health (China) was followed since Brazil lacks a classification standard. To verify the possible contribution of drinking water to iodine intake for different groups, the recommended water intake for each group according to the United States Institute of Medicine (2004) was considered. The percentage of iodine in drinking water and its contribution to iodine intake for different physiological groups were calculated based on the estimated average requirement (EAR) of iodine. A descriptive statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 21.0 and Statistical Analysis Systems (SAS) version 9.2. Results: Significant differences were found between the maximum and minimum concentrations of iodine in water samples from the same location. In Pinhais (south region), the difference was 44.32 µg· L-1; in Viçosa (southeast region), it was 27.86 µg·L-1; in Rondonópolis (midwest region), it was 12.66 µg·L-1; in São Luís (northeast region), it was 11.82 µg·L-1; in Brasilian Federal District (midwest region), it was 10.98 µg·L-1; in Macaé (southeast region), it was 10.14 µg· L-1; in Palmas (north region), it was 4.22 µg·L-1; and in Vitória (southeast region), it was 1.69 µg·L-1. The maximum concentrations of iodine found in the drinking water of Pinhais and Viçosa can contribute more than 70.0% and 50.0%, respectively, to daily iodine intake for all groups. Conclusion: Monitoring the concentration of iodine in drinking water from different locations in each city or Federal District is a preventive measure against inadequate iodine intake and possible adverse changes in population health.

6.
Food Ethics ; 6(2): 11, 2021.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34179336

ABSTRACT

Due to the pandemic and the suspension of in-person school classes, there was an interruption in the meals served to approximately 40 million students who benefited from the Brazilian National School Feeding Program (PNAE). This article describes two case studies, comparing the strategies adopted by two municipalities for maintaining school feeding during the Covid-19 pandemic in the northern region of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and discuss possible impacts of these strategies on food and nutrition security. These municipalities together cover about 81% of the population in the region. In July 2020, we conducted interviews with PNAE municipal managers, following a qualitative approach. We discuss the results in relation to existing Brazilian guidance on food and nutrition security. The municipalities have developed distinct strategies to overcome operational obstacles and maintain PNAE goals, such as distributing food kits and making cash transfers to students' families. The main determinants of these strategies are financial availability, the relationship between municipal teams and school communities, and the pre-pandemic PNAE logistics and management. Depending on the strategy and duration of the pandemic, the impacts on food and nutrition security can be wide-ranging, affecting food quality and local farmers who sell products to PNAE. It is necessary to acknowledge that this is not a short-term pandemic and find ways to perform school feeding in accordance with PNAE criteria.

7.
Porto Alegre; Editora Rede Unida; maio. 2021. 204 p.
Monography in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1516819

ABSTRACT

O livro, "Narrativas, afetos e saberes coletivos: caminhos do PET-Saúde/Interprofissionalidade do Campus UFRJ ­ Macaé", é fruto do pensamento coletivo do corpo social da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro ­ Campus Macaé e dos trabalhadores de saúde de Macaé, cidade do Norte Fluminense. Todos, co-participantes do Projeto PET-Saúde/Interprofissionalidade. Assim, evidenciamos ser este um marco histórico local, onde a academia, a gestão e os trabalhadores do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) se unem para transformar e inovar numa perspectiva ímpar e complementar às práticas formativas e de cuidados, em prol dos usuários e voltadas para a potência de vida em cada encontro. Ainda neste sentido, a edição 2018/2019 do PET-Saúde, trouxe o desafio da implementação curricular da Educação Interprofissional (EIP), este tema, por sua vez, propõe de maneira enfática uma maior aproximação entre a academia, profissionais da saúde e a comunidade, cujos objetivos são ampliar, promover, articular e apoiar ações interprofissionais voltadas, tanto para as mudanças na formação acadêmica em saúde, quanto para a integração da tríade "ensino-serviço-comunidade", articuladas à Educação Permanente em Saúde (EPS). Destarte, nossa obra traduz a confecção de um leque de experiências e relatos multidisciplinares e interprofissionais, a partir de narrativas, saberes e afetos singulares e coletivos, que são desvelados em cada capítulo. O prisma interprofissional do PET-Saúde, reflete uma formação colaborativa e participativa, que é apreendida em todo manuscrito. Pois, "aprendemos juntos, para trabalhar juntos".


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Health Human Resource Training , Evidence-Based Practice
8.
Br J Nutr ; 126(2): 285-294, 2021 07 28.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33054865

ABSTRACT

The aim of the study was to assess the inflammatory potential of the Brazilian population's diet and its association with demographic, socio-economic and anthropometric characteristics. A cross-sectional study was performed with 34 003 individuals aged 10 years and older, evaluated by the National Diet and Nutrition Survey from the Consumer Expenditure Survey (POF 2008-2009). The Energy-adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index (E-DII™) was determined using thirty-four dietary parameters calculated through non-consecutive 2-d dietary records. Positive scores indicate a pro-inflammatory diet, while negative scores indicate an anti-inflammatory diet. A bivariate and multivariate linear regression analysis based on a hierarchical theoretical model was performed to verify the factors associated with the E-DII. The mean of the E-DII was 1·04 (range of -4·77 to +5·98). The highest values of the pro-inflammatory E-DII were found among adolescents (1·42; P < 0·001) and individuals with higher income (1·10; P < 0·001) and level of education (1·18; P < 0·001). In the final model, the E-DII was associated with higher income quartiles and was higher in the Northeast and South regions, in white people, individuals with ≥9 years of education and adults and adolescents age group. The Brazilian population consumes a diet with high inflammatory potential, especially adolescents, white people and those with higher income and level of education. Thus, the index presented uneven distribution among the population, emphasising groups with higher dietary inflammatory potential. The socio-economic risk profile of a diet with higher inflammatory potential in medium-income countries is different from what is observed in high-income nations.


Subject(s)
Diet , Inflammation , Adolescent , Adult , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Diet Records , Humans , Nutrition Surveys , Risk Factors
9.
Public Health Nutr ; 24(3): 561-564, 2021 02.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33040767

ABSTRACT

The goal of this commentary is to expose the situation of Food and Nutrition Security (FNS) in Brazil in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic by providing a critical analysis of this scenario and suggesting ways to move forward. When COVID-19 arrived in Brazil, a crisis scenario that incorporated economic, social and political aspects became highly visible. This scenario fostered unemployment, poverty and hunger. Besides that, it exposed multiple vulnerabilities that were getting worse over the past few years prior to the pandemic. In this context, COVID-19 found in Brazil a fertile ground for its dissemination and community transmission. The impacts of the suspension of many commercial activities and other economic sectors due to the pandemic were quickly felt socially and economically in Brazil. Some of the actions carried out by the Brazilian government included the emergency aid payment and exemption from payment of energy bills for vulnerable individuals, release of funds for programmes for the direct purchase of food from family farmers, delivery of school food kits directly to students despite the closure of schools and publication of sanitary rules for the operation of restaurants. However, these actions are still insufficient, slow and not sufficiently coordinated to contain the progress of the food and nutritional insecurity crisis in Brazil. The COVID-19 pandemic highlights the urgency for the Brazilian government to again prioritise the FNS agenda. This includes implementing mechanisms to ensure the Human Right to Adequate Food and expanding existing FNS programmes.


Subject(s)
COVID-19/epidemiology , Food Security , Nutritional Status , Pandemics , Brazil/epidemiology , Food Supply , Government , Humans , Hunger , Poverty , Public Policy , SARS-CoV-2 , Schools
10.
Demetra (Rio J.) ; 16(1): e58489, 2021. ^etab, ^eilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1434165

ABSTRACT

Introdução: Os materiais educativos e didáticos distribuídos na Atenção Básica constituem importantes estratégias de promoção da saúde e de Educação Alimentar e Nutricional. Objetivo: Apresentar o processo de construção e validação de um material educativo sobre a alimentação de crianças menores de dois anos, dirigido aos profissionais de saúde. Método: Realizou-se estudo quantitativo com delineamento estruturado em duas etapas: construção e validação do material educativo. O processo de construção do material educativo se deu a partir da revisão da literatura e das atividades práticas desenvolvidas com mães e profissionais de saúde das unidades de saúde no município de Macaé-RJ. Na validação, o material educativo foi encaminhado por e-mail aos especialistas e, da mesma forma, após ajustes, enviado aos juízes. Calcularam-se as médias aritméticas, tendo como ponto de corte a nota ≥7 de cada item para verificar a importância/adequação atribuída e os desvios-padrão, tendo como ponto de corte o valor <3 para estimar o grau de consenso entre os especialistas e juízes. Resultados: O miniguia apresenta três módulos temáticos: Aleitamento materno, Alimentação Complementar partes 1 e 2. Na validação pelos especialistas, a média(±DP) foi 8,5(±1,2), sendo o material considerado importante/adequado e consensuado por todos; pelos juízes, a média(±DP) foi 9,9(±0,3), sendo considerado importante/adequado e consensuado por todos. Conclusão: O miniguia foi considerado "importante/adequado" e consensuado pelos avaliadores. (AU)


Introduction: Educational and didactic materials available at the Primary Care units are important strategies to promote health and food and nutrition education. Objective: To present the construction and validation process of an educational material about feeding of children under the age of two years, designed to healthcare professionals. Method: a quantitative study was carried out with a design structured in two stages: construction and validation of the educational material. The construction process was based on a literature review and practical activities developed with mothers and health professionals in primary care units in the city of Macaé- RJ. For validation, the educational material was sent by e-mail to specialists and, likewise, after adjustments, to a panel of judges. Arithmetic means were calculated, having the score ≥7 as the cutoff point of each item to verify the assigned importance/adequacy and standard deviations. The cutoff value of <3 was set to estimate the degree of consensus among specialists and judges. Results: The miniguide has three thematic modules: Breastfeeding, Complementary Feeding ­ Parts 1 and 2. In the validation by specialists, the mean value(±SD) was 8.5(±1.2), and they all consensually considered the material important/appropriate; by judges, the mean value(±SD) was 9.9(±0.3), being consensually considered important/appropriate. Conclusion: All evaluators in consensus agreed that the miniguide was "important/appropriate". (AU)


Subject(s)
Primary Health Care , Food and Nutritional Health Promotion , Health Personnel , Educational and Promotional Materials , Infant Nutrition , Diet, Healthy , Health Promotion
11.
Saúde Redes ; 6(1): 163-173, 20200701.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1116558

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Estimar a associação entre o baixo peso ao nascer (BPN) e os fatores socioeconômicos, demográficos e assistência pré-natal de puérperas atendidas em uma maternidade de referência de Macaé. Métodos: Realizou-se um estudo seccional, descritivo, de bases primária e secundária na maternidade de um hospital público do município, entre agosto e dezembro de 2014. Realizou-se uma análise múltipla de correspondências para descrição e elaboração de perfil multivariado entre as variáveis socioeconômicas, demográficas e assistência pré-natal com o BPN. Resultados: Foram entrevistadas 105 puérperas, com idade média de 25,5 anos e observou-se 8,6% de BPN. O perfil multivariado sinalizou que recém-nascidos com BPN tendem a ser aqueles cuja mãe apresentou baixo peso pré-gestacional, renda inferior a um salário mínimo, realizou menos de 6 consultas de pré-natal e idade gestacional a termo. Conclusão: O BPN foi associado ao baixo peso pré-gestacional materno, baixa renda familiar (inferior a 1 salário mínimo) e o número de consultas pré-natal (<6).


Objectives: To estimate the association between low birth weight (LBW) and socioeconomic, demographic factors and prenatal care of postpartum women attended in a reference maternity in Macaé. Methods: A descriptive, sectional study of primary and secondary bases in the maternity hospital of a public hospital in the municipality was carried out between August and December 2014. A multiple correspondence analysis was performed to describe and elaborate a multivariate profile among socioeconomic variables, and prenatal care with LBW. Results: 105 postpartum women were interviewed, with an average age of 25.5 years. LBW was 8.6%. In the first group, it was detected that newborns with LBW tend to be those whose mothers had low pre- gestational weight, income less than a minimum wage, performed less than 6 prenatal consultations and full term gestational age. Conclusion: The LBW was associated with low maternal pre - gestational weight, low family income (less than 1 minimum wage) and the number of prenatal consultations (<6).

12.
Demetra (Rio J.) ; 15(1): 48380, jan.- mar.2020. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1361816

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A gestação é uma etapa fisiológica que requer acompanhamento de saúde adequado, com vistas ao desfecho positivo para mãe e bebê. Dentre outros cuidados previstos no acompanhamento pré-natal, o ganho de peso é parâmetro a ser monitorado sistematicamente, diante de sua relevância para a saúde materno-infantil e da relação entre ganho de peso inadequado e intercorrências na saúde. Objetivo: Descrever o perfil de ganho de peso gestacional de puérperas assistidas em uma maternidade pública, segundo estado nutricional prévio e idade materna. Método: Estudo epidemiológico transversal descritivo, de base primária (prontuário hospitalar) e secundária (entrevista), realizado em 2014, com amostra de 113 mulheres de 20 a 40 anos com até 48h pós-parto. O estado nutricional pré-gestacional foi avaliado por meio do Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) e a avaliação da adequação do ganho de peso gestacional considerou as recomendações do Institute Of Medicine (IOM). Resultado: 73,5% tinham idade entre 20-29 anos; 69,9% realizaram seis ou mais consultas de pré-natal e 42,2% tinham excesso de peso (sobrepeso ou obesidade) prévio à gestação. O estado nutricional pré-gestacional, segundo idade, revelou que 35,5%(n=79) daquelas entre 20-29 anos e 60%(n=30) das entre 30-40 anos apresentavam excesso de peso prévio. Houve associação significativa (p<0,01) entre as variáveis "ganho de peso gestacional" e "estado nutricional prévio". Dentre as que tiveram ganho de peso excessivo, 73,1% tinham excesso de peso prévio. Conclusão: Parte expressiva das puérperas já possuía excesso de peso e teve ganho ponderal excessivo na gestação, sobretudo as mais velhas. Sugerem-se a idade materna e o estado nutricional prévio como fatores determinantes do ganho de peso e recomendam-se maior capilaridade e cobertura do acompanhamento nutricional pré-natal no sistema público de saúde como possibilidade de enfrentamento do ganho de peso excessivo, que contribui para o agravamento da epidemia de obesidade no Brasil. (AU)


Introduction: Pregnancy is a physiological stage that requires adequate health monitoring, with a view to achieving a positive outcome for the mother and the baby. Among prenatal care activities, regular monitoring of weight gain is important because of the role such parameter plays in maternal and child health; moreover, inadequate weight gain may lead to health complications. Objective: To describe the pattern of gestational weight gain of postpartum women assisted at a public maternity hospital, according to their previous nutritional status and maternal age. Method: Descriptive cross-sectional epidemiological study, whose data were collected from primary (hospital record) and secondary (interview) sources, in 2014, with a sample of 113 women aged 20 to 40 years up to 48 hours after childbirth. Pregestational nutritional status was assessed using the Body Mass Index (BMI), and gestational weight gain adequacy was assessed on the basis of the recommendations of the Institute of Medicine (IOM). Result: 73.5% were aged 20-29 years; 69.9% made six or more prenatal visits, and 42.2% had excess weight (overweight or obese) prior to pregnancy. Agespecific data on pregestational nutritional status showed that 35.5% (n = 79) of the women between 20-29 years old and 60% (n = 30) of those between 30-40 years old had previous excess weight. There was a significant association (p <0.01) between the variables "gestational weight gain" and "previous nutritional status". Among those who had excess weight gain, 73.1% had previous excess weight. Conclusion: Most of the postpartum women had previous excess weight, and had excess weight gain during pregnancy - especially the older ones. Maternal age and previous nutritional status can be considered as determinants of weight gain. Also, widespread adoption and coverage of prenatal nutritional monitoring are needed in the public health system to help control excessive weight gain, which may aggravate the obesity epidemic in Brazil. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Young Adult , Prenatal Care , Nutritional Status , Gestational Weight Gain , Socioeconomic Factors , Body Mass Index , Cross-Sectional Studies , Overweight , Hospitals, Maternity , Hospitals, Public , Obesity
13.
Demetra (Rio J.) ; 15(1): 48033, jan.- mar.2020. tab, graf
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1363243

ABSTRACT

Introdução: O estudo visa investigar a taxa de prevalência e a tendência temporal do excesso de peso em gestantes usuárias da Atenção Primária à Saúde de Macaé, entre 2010 e 2018. Método: Realizou-se estudo quantitativo, de série temporal, com a base de dados do Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional (Sisvan WEB), de acesso público, referente ao diagnóstico nutricional de gestantes ≥20 anos usuárias da Atenção Primária à Saúde do município de Macaé, no período de 2010 a 2018. Analisaram-se 4.279 registros de gestantes no período de nove anos. As variáveis estudadas foram: ano de coleta e registro dos dados; baixo peso; peso adequado; sobrepeso; obesidade; excesso de peso (sobrepeso e obesidade). A análise de tendência do excesso de peso foi realizada por meio de modelos de regressão linear simples, considerando-se o nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: As prevalências do excesso de peso em gestantes foram elevadas e ascendentes: 2010 (40,2%), 2011 (37,5%), 2012 (46,8%), 2013 (48,8%), 2014 (50,9%), 2015 (51,8%), 2016 (54,4%), 2017 (57,6%) e 2018 (55,8%). Em todas as análises, detectou-se a tendência significativa e crescente, podendo-se destacar o desfecho do excesso de peso, que apresentou velocidade de incremento anual (ß1=2,35; p-valor<0,001) superior aos demais desfechos analisados em separado. Conclusão: Conclui-se que é elevada e crescente a prevalência do excesso de peso em gestantes usuárias da Atenção Primária à Saúde do município de Macaé no período estudado. (AU)


Introduction The study aims to investigate the prevalence rate and the time trend of excess weight in pregnant women receiving Primary Health Care in Macaé, between 2010 and 2018. Method: A quantitative, time series study was conducted with the open access database of the Food and Nutritional Surveillance System (Sisvan WEB), relative to the nutritional diagnosis of pregnant women> 20 years old, receiving Primary Health Care in the city of Macaé, between 2010 and 2018. Analyses were made of 4,279 records of pregnant women over a nine-year period. The study variables were: year of data collection and registration; low weight; adequate weight; overweight; obesity; excess weight (overweight and obesity). Trend analysis of excess weight was performed using simple linear regression models, considering the significance level of 5%. Results: Prevalence of overweight in pregnant women was high and rising: 2010 (40.2%), 2011 (37.5%), 2012 (46.8%), 2013 (48.8%), 2014 (50.9%), 2015 (51.8%), 2016 (54.4%), 2017 (57.6%) and 2018 (55.8%). All analyses showed a significant and growing trend, especially for the excess weight outcome, whose annual increase speed (£ 1 = 2.35; p-value <0.001) was higher than the other outcomes, when analyzed separately. Conclusion: Prevalence of excess weight in pregnant women receiving Primary Health Care in the city of Macaé was high and growing during the study period. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Primary Health Care , Weight Gain , Pregnant Women , Overweight/epidemiology , Obesity, Maternal , Unified Health System , Brazil , Body Mass Index , Prevalence , Maternal Health
14.
Demetra (Rio J.) ; 15(1): e43355, jan.- mar.2020. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1096231

ABSTRACT

O estudo visa descrever a prevalência do consumo alimentar de crianças entre 6-24 meses usuárias de uma unidade básica de saúde (UBS). Realizou-se estudo descritivo de base primária, com crianças entre 6-24 meses, usuárias de uma UBS do município de Macaé-RJ, entre outubro de 2016 e fevereiro de 2017. Foi utilizado o formulário "Marcadores de Consumo Alimentar", proposto pela Coordenação-Geral de Alimentação e Nutrição (CGAN), em contribuição ao Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional (Sisvan). Utilizou-se a prevalência igual ou superior a 80,0%, recomendada pelo Ministério da Saúde para os indicadores de alimentação saudável. Foram analisados dados de 33 crianças, correspondendo a 78,6% do total das crianças usuárias da UBS, na faixa etária avaliada. Ao analisar os indicadores alimentares, observou-se que as crianças entre 6-12 meses não atingiram a meta de 80,0% para o consumo de frutas, legumes, verduras de folha, carnes ou ovo. Em contrapartida, as crianças entre 12-24 meses apresentaram prevalências acima da meta para o consumo de frutas e carnes ou ovo. A metade das crianças entre 6-12 meses consumiu uma vez comida de sal; e a maioria das crianças acima de 12 meses a consumiu duas vezes. Em ambas faixas etárias, houve maior consumo de alimentos em pedaços, com significância estatística apenas para aquelas acima de 12 meses. Conclui-se que as crianças entre 12-24 meses atingiram a meta do Ministério da Saúde para o consumo de frutas e carnes ou ovo. (AU)


The study aims to describe prevalences of food consumption in children aged 6-24 months assisted by a primary healthcare unit (PHU). A primary-based descriptive study was conducted with children between 6-24 months of age, enrolled at a PHU in the municipality of Macaé-RJ, between October, 2016 and February, 2017. The "Food Consumption Markers" form proposed by the Coordenação-Geral de Alimentação e Nutrição (CGAN) (General Coordination Office for Food and Nutrition) in contribution to the Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional (Sisvan) (National System for Food and Nutritional Surveillance) was used in the study. Prevalence of 80% and over was adopted, as recommended by the Ministério da Saúde (Ministry of Health) for healthy food indicators. Data from 33 children were analyzed, corresponding to 78.6% of the total number of children assisted by the PHU for the assessed age groups. In the analysis of food indicators, it was observed that the children aged between 6-12 months did not meet the 80% target for consumption of fruits, vegetables, greens, meats or egg. On the other hand, children aged 12-24 months exhibited prevalences above the target for consumption of fruits, meats or egg. Half of the children aged 6- 12 months consumed salty food once; most of the children over 12 months consumed salty foods twice. For both age groups, there was a higher intake of solid foods in pieces, with statistical significance only for children older than 12 months. It is concluded that the children aged 12-24 months met the Ministry of Health target for consumption of fruits, meats or egg. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child Health , Infant Nutrition , Health Centers , Eating , Diet, Healthy , Diet, Healthy/statistics & numerical data
15.
Cien Saude Colet ; 23(4): 1159-1167, 2018 Apr.
Article in English, Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29694583

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to review food and nutrition insecurity indicators associated with iron deficiency anemia in Brazilian children below 5 years. We searched in electronic databases (SciELO, Lilacs, and Medline) and selected studies by titles, abstracts and full-text reading. Of the 1,023 studies analyzed, 11 fit the inclusion criteria. The results of the studies evidenced that iron deficiency anemia in Brazilian children was associated with sociodemographic and health indicators (male, age below 24 months, children of adolescent mothers, respiratory infections, diarrhea, low maternal schooling, parents' working conditions, nursery time, lack of basic sanitation, maternal anemia, lack of ferrous sulfate use by the mother and/or child and late onset of prenatal care), nutritional indicators (low birth weight, diet characteristics, such as the habit of milk consumption close to meals, low exclusive and full breastfeeding time) and economic indicators (low per capita income). The food and nutrition insecurity analyzed in this study from the perspective of different indicators is associated with iron deficiency anemia in children under 5 years in Brazil.


Subject(s)
Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/epidemiology , Diet , Food Supply , Brazil/epidemiology , Child, Preschool , Humans , Infant , Nutritional Status , Socioeconomic Factors
16.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 23(4): 1159-1167, abr. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-952633

ABSTRACT

Resumo Objetivou-se revisar os indicadores de insegurança alimentar e nutricional associados à anemia ferropriva em crianças brasileiras menores de 5 anos. Realizou-se busca em bases eletrônicas (ScieLO, Lilacs, Medline), com seleção dos estudos pelos títulos, resumos e pela leitura na íntegra. Dos 1023 trabalhos analisados, 11 contemplaram os critérios de inclusão. Os resultados dos estudos retrataram que a anemia ferropriva em crianças brasileiras associou-se aos indicadores sociodemográficos e de saúde (sexo masculino, idade inferior aos 24 meses, filhos de mães adolescentes, infecções respiratórias, diarreias, baixa escolaridade materna, condição de trabalho dos pais, tempo de creche, ausência de saneamento básico, anemia materna, não uso de sulfato ferroso pela mãe e/ou criança e início tardio do pré-natal), indicadores nutricionais (baixo peso ao nascer, características da dieta como, hábito de ingerir leite próximo dos horários das refeições, baixo tempo de aleitamento materno exclusivo e total) e econômicos (baixa renda per capita). A insegurança alimentar e nutricional, analisada no presente estudo sob a óptica de diferentes indicadores, está associada à ocorrência de anemia ferropriva em crianças menores de 5 anos no Brasil.


Abstract This study aimed to review food and nutrition insecurity indicators associated with iron deficiency anemia in Brazilian children below 5 years. We searched in electronic databases (SciELO, Lilacs, and Medline) and selected studies by titles, abstracts and full-text reading. Of the 1,023 studies analyzed, 11 fit the inclusion criteria. The results of the studies evidenced that iron deficiency anemia in Brazilian children was associated with sociodemographic and health indicators (male, age below 24 months, children of adolescent mothers, respiratory infections, diarrhea, low maternal schooling, parents' working conditions, nursery time, lack of basic sanitation, maternal anemia, lack of ferrous sulfate use by the mother and/or child and late onset of prenatal care), nutritional indicators (low birth weight, diet characteristics, such as the habit of milk consumption close to meals, low exclusive and full breastfeeding time) and economic indicators (low per capita income). The food and nutrition insecurity analyzed in this study from the perspective of different indicators is associated with iron deficiency anemia in children under 5 years in Brazil.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Child, Preschool , Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/epidemiology , Diet , Food Supply , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil/epidemiology , Nutritional Status
17.
Cien Saude Colet ; 23(2): 449-462, 2018 Feb.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29412403

ABSTRACT

The scope of this systematic review was to compare the food insecurity scales validated and used in the countries in Latin America and the Caribbean, and analyze the methods used in validation studies. A search was conducted in the Lilacs, SciELO and Medline electronic databases. The publications were pre-selected by titles and abstracts, and subsequently by a full reading. Of the 16,325 studies reviewed, 14 were selected. Twelve validated scales were identified for the following countries: Venezuela, Brazil, Colombia, Bolivia, Ecuador, Costa Rica, Mexico, Haiti, the Dominican Republic, Argentina and Guatemala. Besides these, there is the Latin American and Caribbean scale, the scope of which is regional. The scales ranged from the standard reference used, number of questions and diagnosis of insecurity. The methods used by the studies for internal validation were calculation of Cronbach's alpha and the Rasch model; for external validation the authors calculated association and /or correlation with socioeconomic and food consumption variables. The successful experience of Latin America and the Caribbean in the development of national and regional scales can be an example for other countries that do not have this important indicator capable of measuring the phenomenon of food insecurity.


Objetivou-se nesta revisão sistemática comparar as escalas de insegurança alimentar validadas e utilizadas nos países latino-americanos e caribenhos, e analisar os métodos empregados nos estudos de validação. Realizou-se busca nas bases eletrônicas Lilacs, SciELO e Medline. As publicações foram pré-selecionas pelos títulos e resumos, e posteriormente pela leitura integral. Dos 16.325 estudos revisados, selecionou-se 14. Foram identificadas 12 escalas validadas para os seguintes países: Venezuela, Brasil, Colômbia, Bolívia, Equador, Costa Rica, México, Haiti, República Dominicana, Argentina e Guatemala. Além dessas, tem-se a escala latino-americana e caribenha cuja abrangência é regional. As escalas variaram em relação ao padrão de referência utilizado, número de questões e diagnóstico da insegurança. Os métodos empregados pelos estudos para validação interna foi o cálculo do coeficiente alfa de Cronbach e o modelo Rasch; para validação externa os autores calcularam associação e/ou correlação com variáveis socioeconômicas e de consumo alimentar. A exitosa experiência da América Latina e Caribe no desenvolvimento de escalas nacionais e regionais pode ser exemplo para outros países que ainda não possuem esse importante indicador capaz de dimensionar o fenômeno da insegurança alimentar.


Subject(s)
Food Supply , Research Design , Caribbean Region , Humans , Latin America , Validation Studies as Topic
18.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 23(2): 449-462, Fev. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-890514

ABSTRACT

Resumo Objetivou-se nesta revisão sistemática comparar as escalas de insegurança alimentar validadas e utilizadas nos países latino-americanos e caribenhos, e analisar os métodos empregados nos estudos de validação. Realizou-se busca nas bases eletrônicas Lilacs, SciELO e Medline. As publicações foram pré-selecionas pelos títulos e resumos, e posteriormente pela leitura integral. Dos 16.325 estudos revisados, selecionou-se 14. Foram identificadas 12 escalas validadas para os seguintes países: Venezuela, Brasil, Colômbia, Bolívia, Equador, Costa Rica, México, Haiti, República Dominicana, Argentina e Guatemala. Além dessas, tem-se a escala latino-americana e caribenha cuja abrangência é regional. As escalas variaram em relação ao padrão de referência utilizado, número de questões e diagnóstico da insegurança. Os métodos empregados pelos estudos para validação interna foi o cálculo do coeficiente alfa de Cronbach e o modelo Rasch; para validação externa os autores calcularam associação e/ou correlação com variáveis socioeconômicas e de consumo alimentar. A exitosa experiência da América Latina e Caribe no desenvolvimento de escalas nacionais e regionais pode ser exemplo para outros países que ainda não possuem esse importante indicador capaz de dimensionar o fenômeno da insegurança alimentar.


Abstract The scope of this systematic review was to compare the food insecurity scales validated and used in the countries in Latin America and the Caribbean, and analyze the methods used in validation studies. A search was conducted in the Lilacs, SciELO and Medline electronic databases. The publications were pre-selected by titles and abstracts, and subsequently by a full reading. Of the 16,325 studies reviewed, 14 were selected. Twelve validated scales were identified for the following countries: Venezuela, Brazil, Colombia, Bolivia, Ecuador, Costa Rica, Mexico, Haiti, the Dominican Republic, Argentina and Guatemala. Besides these, there is the Latin American and Caribbean scale, the scope of which is regional. The scales ranged from the standard reference used, number of questions and diagnosis of insecurity. The methods used by the studies for internal validation were calculation of Cronbach's alpha and the Rasch model; for external validation the authors calculated association and /or correlation with socioeconomic and food consumption variables. The successful experience of Latin America and the Caribbean in the development of national and regional scales can be an example for other countries that do not have this important indicator capable of measuring the phenomenon of food insecurity.


Subject(s)
Humans , Research Design , Food Supply , Caribbean Region , Validation Studies as Topic , Latin America
19.
Rev. Nutr. (Online) ; 30(4): 477-487, July-Aug. 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1041196

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess and compare the impact of the Bolsa Família Program (Family Allowance) on the nutritional status of children and adolescents from the Brazilian Northeastern and Southeastern regions. Methods: The study used data from a database derived from a subsample of the Family Budget Survey conducted from 2008 to 2009. The ratios of underweight, stunted, and overweight children were calculated. Impact measurement analysis was preceded by propensity score matching, which matches beneficiary and non-beneficiary families in relation to a set of socioeconomic features. The nearest-neighbor matching algorithm estimated the program impact. Results: The ratio of underweight children and adolescents was, on average, 1.1% smaller in the beneficiary families than in the non-beneficiary families in the Northeastern region. As for the Southeastern region, the ratio of overweight children and adolescents was, on average, 4.2% smaller in the beneficiary families. The program did not affect stunting in either region. Conclusion: The results showed the positive impact and good focus of the program. Thus, once linked to structural actions, the program may help to improve the nutritional status and quality of life of its beneficiaries.


RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar e comparar o impacto do Programa Bolsa Família no estado nutricional de crianças e adolescentes do Nordeste e Sudeste brasileiro. Métodos: A base de dados procedeu de uma subamostra da Pesquisa de Orçamento Familiar de 2008-2009. Calculou-se a proporção de crianças e adolescentes com baixo peso, baixa estatura e excesso de peso. A análise da medida de impacto foi precedida de técnica (Propensity Score Matching) que assemelha, famílias beneficiárias e não beneficiárias, em relação a um conjunto de características socioeconômicas. O impacto do programa foi estimado através do algoritmo de pareamento do vizinho mais próximo. Resultados: No Nordeste, a proporção de crianças e adolescentes abaixo do peso foi em média, 1,1% menor nas famílias beneficiárias, em comparação às não beneficiárias. No Sudeste, a proporção de crianças e adolescentes acima do peso foi em média, 4,2% menor nas famílias beneficiárias. Não foi observado impacto do programa sobre o déficit de estatura em ambas as regiões. Conclusão: Os resultados retrataram impacto positivo e boa focalização do programa, que se atrelado a ações estruturais pode contribuir para melhoria do estado nutricional e qualidade de vida dos beneficiários.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Nutritional Status , Public Policy , Child , Adolescent , Malnutrition , Overweight
20.
Cien Saude Colet ; 22(6): 1771-1780, 2017 Jun.
Article in Portuguese, English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28614498

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the Bolsa Família Program (PBF) on food consumption in the northeast and southeast regions of Brazil. The database was obtained from the individual food consumption module of the Household Budget Survey conducted in 2008-09. Consumption was assessed through two food records. The food was categorized into four groups: fresh or minimally processed food; culinary ingredients; processed food; and ultra-processed food. To analyze the impact, the propensity score matching method was used, which compares the individual recipients and non-recipients of the PBF in relation to a group of socioeconomic characteristics. After the propensity score was calculated, the impact of the PBF was estimated through the nearest-neighbor matching algorithm. In both regions, more than 60% of the daily total calories consumed by PBF recipients came from foods that had not undergone industrial processing. The recipients of PBF had a low level of consumption of processed and ultra-processed food in both regions, and an increased level of consumption of fresh or minimally processed food in the northeast. The results indicate the importance of adopting intersectoral policies in parallel to the PBF in order to strengthen healthy eating practices.


Subject(s)
Diet/statistics & numerical data , Energy Intake , Feeding Behavior , Food/statistics & numerical data , Algorithms , Brazil , Databases, Factual , Diet/economics , Diet Surveys , Food/classification , Food Supply/economics , Humans , Propensity Score , Socioeconomic Factors
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