ABSTRACT
Osteochondroma or osteocartilaginous exostosis is one of the most common benign bone tumours. It usually develops in the metaphyses of long flat bones, but rarely occurs in the oral and maxillofacial area, where it is generally associated with the coronoid process or the condyle. Loose osteochondromas inside the joint are generally a rare pathology usually described in large joints. The authors present a case of an intra-articular loose osteochondroma of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), which represents the first case of such a pathological entity in the literature. The authors suggest that it should be considered in any differential diagnosis of loose bodies described in the TMJ.
Subject(s)
Osteochondroma/pathology , Temporomandibular Joint/pathology , Adult , Female , Humans , Osteochondroma/diagnostic imaging , Temporomandibular Joint/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
Tenosynovial giant cell tumour (TGCT) is a rare benign proliferative disorder of the synovium characterised by destructive invasion by synovial-like mononuclear cells. Two variants have been distinguished: a localized (TGCT-L) and a diffuse (TGCT-D) type. TGCT usually affects adults with a peak incidence in the fifth and sixth decades of life and is more often seen in women than in men. One of the most common soft tissue tumours of the hand (finger joints and tendon sheaths), it is exceedingly uncommon in the head or neck. Only three cases of TGCT-D have been described in the literature. This report presents a case of TGCT-D in the temporomandibular joint.
Subject(s)
Giant Cell Tumors/diagnosis , Soft Tissue Neoplasms/diagnosis , Temporomandibular Joint Disorders/diagnosis , Adult , Antigens, CD/analysis , Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/analysis , Cell Nucleus/ultrastructure , Cytoplasm/ultrastructure , Diagnosis, Differential , Fibroblasts/pathology , Follow-Up Studies , Histiocytes/pathology , Humans , Joint Capsule/pathology , Lymphocytes/pathology , Macrophages/pathology , Male , Synovial Membrane/pathologyABSTRACT
Synovial cysts are lesions that usually occur on the wrist, foot and knee. They are rarely involved in the region of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), with only 10 cases reported from 1978 to 2007. The authors report a case of a synovial cyst of the TMJ in a 45-year-old woman. The patient presented with a right preauricular swelling, 1cm anterior to the tragus. A computed tomography (CT) scan showed a small oval hypodense mass of soft tissue in the right temporomandibular region with no relation to the condyle. Fine needle aspiration reported a synovial cyst of the TMJ. The patient was taken to the operating room and a preauricular approach extending to the temporal region was carried out resulting in surgical excision of the mass. The histological findings were consistent with the diagnosis of a synovial cyst. The long term clinical and radiological follow-up (after 18 months) showed no sign of recurrence. The authors suggest, in accordance with the literature, that a surgical approach should be the treatment of choice in the case of a synovial cyst of the TMJ.