ABSTRACT
Clinical and morphologic characteristics of hairy cell leukemia at 11 patients have been analyzed. The frequency of this disorder is 2.5% from all leukemias. This disorder is often retrospectively diagnosed--at 7 cases from our study. the disorder is often retrospectively diagnosed--older age (78%). Splenomegaly is the main clinical manifestation, at all 11 patients. Pancytopenia is frequent finding but at 4 patients the leucocyte count was over 10 X 10(9)/1 in the beginning. Hairy cells, although not always with typical appearance, in 90% of the cases are found in peripheral blood over 10%. Bone marrow biopsy cytological and hystological findings at 9 patients were typical for diagnosis. Fibrosis was present in 6 specimens. At 7 patients diagnosis was confirmed with histological examinations of lymphocyte concentrates from peripheral blood on thin and ultrathin sections, as well as with electron microscopy characteristic appearance of hairy cells. Pneumonia as complication was registered in 24 occasions, gastro-intestinal infections at 9, haemorrhagic syndrome at 4 and skin carcinoma at 2 cases. Treatment was variable--2 patients were observed for more than 50 months, 2 were splenectomised, of which one with complete remission longer than a year, while from 8 treated with COP protocol, complete remission was obtained in 5 (62%) patients, and two treated with CHOP protocol entered complete remission for longer than 12 months. Average survival is 51 months (2--144). Three (28%) patients died.
Subject(s)
Leukemia, Hairy Cell/pathology , Adult , Bone Marrow/pathology , Female , Humans , Leukemia, Hairy Cell/blood , Leukemia, Hairy Cell/therapy , Male , Middle Aged , Spleen/pathologySubject(s)
Immunoglobulins/analysis , Multiple Myeloma/immunology , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Multiple Myeloma/drug therapySubject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Leukemia/drug therapy , Acute Disease , Adolescent , Adult , Drug Therapy, Combination , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Remission, Spontaneous , YugoslaviaSubject(s)
Leukemia , Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic , Acute Disease , Adult , Female , Humans , Leukemia, Lymphoid , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute , PregnancyABSTRACT
Clinical symptomatology, pathohystiological characteris of bone marrow and the effects of treatment achieved in 21 patients with aplastic anaemia (a.a.) have been presented in this paper. Compared to one of our previous analised serie the number of patients with a.a. of both sexes and age has doubled for the last few years. The ethiogenesis in 14 cases was of unknown origin. In tree cases chloramphenicol was a cause, paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria in three other cases and one appeared in pregnancy. Pathohystiology of bone marrow has in 7 cases acellular in 11 hypocellular and in tree partial hypercellular appearance. Immunohaematological examinations yielded positive antiglobuline tests in tree cases (out of 17 examined) and positive thrombocytic antibodies in 2 patients out of 14. Australia antigen has been found positive in 3 patients (out of 18), Au antibodies in one out of nine patients, while three developed manifest serum hepatitis duing the causee of treatment. Tree patients whose final diagnosis was paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria previosly were diagnosed and treted as a.a., while two with a.a. gave positive acid and sugar tests for that syndroma. The treatment in this seria of a.a. was by corticosteroids, testosteron. There has not been any significant impruvement in prolonging the patients lives in this seria comparing the previous one in which there had been given no anabolic hormones. Most of the patients (more than 50%) did not survive more than 24 months.