ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Emergency pancreaticoduodenectomy (EPD) is a rare event for complex periampullary etiology. Increased intraoperative blood loss is correlated with poor postoperative outcomes. CASE SUMMARY: Two patients underwent EPD using a no-touch isolation technique, in which all arteries supplying the pancreatic head region were ligated and divided before manipulation of the pancreatic head and duodenum. The operative times were 220 and 239 min, and the blood loss was 70 and 270 g, respectively. The patients were discharged on the 14th and 10th postoperative day, respectively. Thirty-two patients underwent EPD for the treatment of neoplastic bleeding. The mean operative time was 361.6 min, and the mean blood loss was 747.3 g. The complication rate was 37.5%. The in-hospital mortality rate was 9.38%. CONCLUSION: The no-touch isolation technique is feasible, safe, and effective for reducing intraoperative blood loss in EPD.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: We examined the utility of transient hepatic attenuation differences (THADs) detected in the arterial phase of computed tomography for the diagnosis of acute gangrenous cholecystitis (AGC). METHODS: We examined 83 consecutive patients who underwent cholecystectomy within 72 h of undergoing three-phase dynamic computed tomography scans for acute cholecystitis between 2009 and 2018 (histopathological examination later confirmed 42 with AGC, 41 without). The THAD volume (cm3 ) was calculated by multiplying the total area of the enhancing lesions (traced on axial images) by the thickness of the scan (0.5-cm slices). We evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of the THAD volume and other computed tomography findings of AGC. RESULTS: The THAD volume was significantly larger in the AGC group than in the non-gangrenous acute cholecystitis group (P < 0.0001). The cutoff value of 78 cm3 , determined using a receiver operating characteristics curve, yielded a sensitivity of 88.1% and specificity of 75.6% for detecting AGC. Multivariate analysis revealed a THAD volume of >78 cm3 to be an independent predictor of AGC. CONCLUSIONS: Acute gangrenous cholecystitis can be diagnosed using THAD volume, resulting in improved treatment and fewer serious complications.
Subject(s)
Cholecystectomy/methods , Cholecystitis, Acute/diagnostic imaging , Cholecystitis, Acute/pathology , Contrast Media , Gangrene/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , Adult , Age Factors , Aged , Cholecystitis, Acute/surgery , Cohort Studies , Databases, Factual , Female , Gangrene/pathology , Gangrene/surgery , Hospitals, University , Humans , Japan , Male , Middle Aged , Multivariate Analysis , Prognosis , ROC Curve , Retrospective Studies , Risk Assessment , Sensitivity and Specificity , Severity of Illness Index , Sex Factors , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
A 55-year-old woman underwent low anterior resection for sigmoid colon cancer with multiple bilobar metastases. She then received 23 courses of Leucovorin, fluorouracil, and oxaliplatin (mFOLFOX) plus bevacizumab and 13 courses of Leucovorin, fluorouracil, and irinotecan (FOLFIRI) plus bevacizumab as down staging chemotherapy. A two-stage hepatectomy was planned to avoid the risk of hepatic failure due to radial resection of bilobar metastases. Therefore, a right lobectomy was performed, and curative resection was achieved 54 days after the first hepatectomy. Two-stage hepatectomy as well as a combination of induction chemotherapy and portal vein embolization may have contributed to the improved prognosis of the initially unresectable multiple bilobar liver metastases.
Subject(s)
Liver Neoplasms/surgery , Liver/physiology , Regeneration , Sigmoid Neoplasms/pathology , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Combined Modality Therapy , Female , Hepatectomy , Humans , Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy , Liver Neoplasms/secondary , Middle Aged , Sigmoid Neoplasms/drug therapy , Sigmoid Neoplasms/surgeryABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Few reports have assessed the accuracy of transient hepatic attenuation differences (THAD) in the arterial phase of computed tomography (CT) in diagnosing acute cholangitis (AC). We examined the diagnostic accuracy of THAD in AC in patients with malignant disease. METHODS: We retrospectively examined the records of 123 consecutive patients (73 men, 50 women; mean age, 69 [range, 43-91] years) who underwent dynamic CT 3 days before biliary drainage for malignant hepatobiliary disease between 2006 and 2011. We examined the diagnostic ability of THAD for AC and assessed the relationship between THAD and AC severity. RESULTS: Acute cholangitis was present in 45% of patients. The sensitivity and specificity of THAD for AC were 93% and 39%, respectively. Diffuse, hemi-hepatic, and segmental THAD for AC were seen in 84%, 4%, and 9%, respectively. In all, 64% of patients were diagnosed with severe AC and 29% with mild AC, depending on the intensity of THAD, but the patterns and degree of intensity of THAD and AC severity were not related. CONCLUSION: Although the pattern and the degree of intensity of THAD and AC severity were not related, THAD might be useful in diagnosing AC. Thus, THAD should be considered a diagnostic criterion for AC.