LncRNA-SNHG7 interferes with miR-34a to de-sensitize gastric cancer cells to cisplatin.

Gastric cancer (GC) remains poor prognosis and survival issues due to the resistance of chemotherapies, such as cisplatin. The long non-coding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 7 (lncRNA-SNHG7) is known as an oncogenic molecule in diverse cancers. Here, we demonstrate that SNHG7 was significantly upregulated in gastric cancer and positively correlated with cisplatin resistance of gastric cancer cells that SNHG7 was significantly upregulated in cisplatin resistant cells. Silencing SNHG7 dramatically sensitized cisplatin resistant cells. In contrast, a negative correlation between lncRNA-SNHG7 and miR-34a was found that miR-34a was downregulated in gastric cancer patient tissues and significantly sensitized cisplatin resistant gastric cancer cells. Intriguingly, bioinformatical analysis indicated miR-34a has putative biding site for SNHG7 and such negative association between SNHG7 and miR-34a was verified in gastric cancer tissues. The cisplatin resistant cells displayed increased glycolysis rate and SNHG7 promoted cellular glycolysis rate of gastric cancer cells. Luciferase assay illustrated LDHA, a glycolysis enzyme, was the direct target of miR-34a. Importantly, inhibiting SNHG7 successfully suppressed LDHA expressions and sensitized cisplatin resistant cells and such inhibitory effects could be recovered by further anti-miR-34a. These findings suggest an important regulator mechanism for the SNHG7-mediated cisplatin resistance via miR-34a/LDHA-glycolysis axis.

Synthetic poly(vinyl alcohol)-chitosan as a new type of highly efficient hemostatic sponge with blood-triggered swelling and high biocompatibility.

Rapid and effective hemostasis for a noncompressible hemorrhage is the key to control bleeding and reduce mortality. Chitosan (CS) has been widely used as a popular hemostatic dressing; however, irregularly shaped wounds present in emergencies limit the performance of CS powder. To improve the hemostatic effect of CS, we modified it with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), a fast-swelling sponge triggered by water. The novel synthetic PVA-CS was prepared by cross-linking PVA and CS during foaming and crosslinking reactions. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction were utilized to analyze the characteristics of PVA-CS. In vitro, the swelling ratio and blood clotting ability were evaluated in different groups with various weight ratios or degrees of deacetylation of the CS, and the cytocompatibility and cell attachment on the material were analyzed by human dermal fibroblast (HDF) cell testing. In vivo, the hemostatic effects were evaluated in Sprague-Dawley rats and Bama miniature pigs in a femoral artery hemorrhage model or gunshot wound experiment. PVA-CS presents robust mechanical strength, rapid water-triggered swelling and a fast absorption speed. As compared with gauze and PVA, which are widely used in first aid, PVA-CS sponges showed an improved blood clotting ability and increased blood cell and platelet adhesion and activation. The PVA-CS sponges also showed high biocompatibility in cell viability, cell proliferation and cell attachment bioassays. Furthermore, in vivo evaluation of the PVA-CS sponges revealed excellent hemostatic performance and enhanced wound healing with increased re-epithelialization and decreased granulation tissues. The results of this study strongly support the use of these composite sponges for noncompressible hemorrhage in acute trauma and ballistic injuries.

[Efficacy comparison between ProGrip self-gripping mesh and polypropylene mesh for retromuscular repair of incisional hernias].

Objective: To compare the efficacy of retromuscular repair of incisional hernia by using ProGrip self-gripping mesh and conventional polypropylene mesh. Methods: A retrospective analysis was made on clinical data of 83 cases of incisional hernia between May 2012 and May 2016. Of 83 cases, ProGrip self-gripping mesh was used in 46 cases (self-gripping mesh group) and conventional polypropylene mesh (conventional mesh group) in 37 cases. There was no significant difference in gender, age, body mass index, types of incision hernia, hernia ring diameter, course of disease, and associated disease between 2 groups ( P>0.05). The operative time, hospital stays, and visual analogue scale (VAS) were recorded and compared between 2 groups. Results: The self-gripping mesh group was significantly lower than conventional mesh group in operative time and hospital stays ( t=2.977, P=0.004; t=2.270, P=0.026). Primary healing of incision was obtained in 2 groups, with no seroma and mesh infection. The VAS score of self-gripping mesh group was significantly lower than that of conventional mesh group at 24 hours, 7 days, and 30 days after operation ( P<0.05). The follow-up time was 5-53 months (mean, 25.8 months) in 43 patients of self-gripping mesh group, and was 7-54 months (mean, 27.4 months) in 33 patients of conventional mesh group. No chronic pain or hernia recurrence was found in both groups during follow-up time. Conclusion: It is a safe and feasible curative way to use ProGrip self-gripping mesh for retromuscular repair of incisional hernia as it can reduce operative time, hospital stays, and postoperative pain.

[HYBRID REPAIR OF PARASTOMAL HERNIA WITH DynaMesh-IPST].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the technique and early results of hybrid repair of parastomal hernia with the DynaMesh-IPST. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was made on the clinical data of 28 patients who underwent DynaMesh-IPST hybrid repair of parastomal hernia between October 2013 and June 2016. There were 18 males and 10 females, aged 49-84 years (mean, 71 years). The disease duration of parastomal hernia was 6-60 months (mean, 27.6 months). The body mass index (BMI) was 17-35 (mean, 25.6); there were 15 obese patients (BMI>26). RESULTS: The operation was completed smoothly in all patients. The mean stoma diameter was 6 cm (range, 4-9 cm). The mean operation time was 142 minutes (range, 110-190 minutes). The mean hospital stay was 9 days (range, 7-12 days). Seroma was found in 2 patients, and was cured by needle aspiration and pressure bandage. All 28 cases were followed up 1-33 months (mean, 19 months). No recurrence, infection, intestinal fistula, and stoma-related problems were found. The appearance of abdominal wall was symmetrical. CONCLUSIONS: DynaMesh-IPST hybrid repair is a safe and feasible method for parastomal hernia, and the short-term operative result is satisfactory.

Repair of Concomitant Incisional and Parastomal Hernias Using a Hybrid Technique: A Series of 32 Patients.

BACKGROUND: Concomitant incisional and parastomal hernias is a challenging condition. We used a hybrid technique of sublay and onlay to treat patients with this condition. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The clinical data of 32 consecutive patients treated from February 2008 to April 2014 for concomitant incisional and parastomal hernias were retrospectively reviewed. The mean diameter was 9 (range 4-13) cm of the incisional hernias, and 6 (range 4.5-8) cm of the parastomal hernias. RESULTS: The mean operative time was 247 (range 220-290) min. The mean hospital stay was 20 (range 14-27) days. All surgical wounds healed by primary intention. Seven patients had postoperative seroma and were well managed with puncture and compression. All 32 patients were followed up for a mean of 48 (range 5-68) months. Four patients recurred with parastomal hernias and were treated with secondary surgery. No further recurrence occurred until the last follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: This hybrid technique of sublay and onlay is only suitable for the repair of complex incisional and parastomal hernias.

Laparoscopic-assisted subtotal colectomy combined with modified Duhamel procedure for mixed constipation.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of subtotal colectomy combined with the modified Duhamel procedure on mixed constipation. METHODS: A total of 16 female patients with mixed constipation were enrolled and underwent subtotal colectomy combined with the modified Duhamel procedure under laparoscopy from April 2010 to April 2012. Before surgery, physical examinations such as the gastrointestinal transit test, barium enema, and defecography were performed for all the patients. After surgical treatment, 2-year follow-up was performed using questionnaires to assess the effect of treatment. RESULTS: All 16 cases were treated successfully, with a mean operation time of 230 minutes (range, 180-290 minutes). No intraoperative or postoperative complications were found, and no deaths occurred. Constipation and relevant symptoms were relieved, and all patients were satisfied with their quality of life. The gastrointestinal quality-of-life score was significantly increased 6 months postoperatively (mean, 102) compared with preoperatively (mean, 75). CONCLUSION: Subtotal colectomy combined with the modified Duhamel procedure under laparoscopy is effective and safe for the treatment of mixed constipation.

Identification of collaboration patterns of dysfunctional pathways in breast cancer.

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy among women. We aimed to illuminate the molecular dysfunctional mechanisms of BC progression. The mRNA expression profile of BC GSE15852 was downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus database, including 43 normal samples and 43 cancer samples. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in BC were screened using the t-test by Benjamin and Hochberg method. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways of the selected DEGs were enriched using Hypergeomeric distribution model. In addition, functional similarity network among the enriched pathways was constructed to further analyze the collaboration of these pathways. We found 848 down-regulated DEGs were associated with 16 significant dysfunctional pathways, including PPAR signaling fatty acid metabolism, and 1584 up-regulated DEGs were related to 6 significant dysfunctional pathways, like cell cycle, protein export, and antigen processing and presentation in BC samples. Crosstalk network analysis of pathways indicated that pyruvate metabolism, propanoate metabolism, and glycolysis gluconeogenesis were the pathways with closest connections with other pathways in BC. In addition, other antigen processing and presentation, including 19 DEGs; PPAR signaling pathway, including 18 DEGs; and pyruvate metabolism pathway, including 13 DEGs were further analyzed. Our results suggested that dysfunctional of significant pathways can greatly affect the progression of BC. Several significant disorder pathways were enriched in our comprehensive study. They may provide guidelines to explore the dysfunctional mechanism of BC progression.

[Effect of elemene on reversing chemoresistance to adriamycin in human stomach cancer cell line].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of elemene on reversing chemoresistance to adriamycin (ADM) in human stomach cancer cell, and explore its possible mechanism. METHODS: SGC7901/ADM were divided imto two groups: control group and elemene treatment group. The cytotoxicity of ADM on SGC7901/ADM was determined by MTT assay. The activity of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) was measured by immunohistochemical staining. The apoptosis rate of stomach cancer cell line was determined by flow cyotometric analysis. RESULTS: The immunohistochemical staining result showed that the activity of NF-kappaB in SGC7901/ADM was increased after treated with ADM for 9 - 12 h, while that of the elemene treatment group decreased with the increasing of the elemene concentration and the lowest level was 8 - 12%. The apoptosis rate of SGC7901/ADM stomach cancer cell line was increased with the increasing of elemene concentration. At the same elemene concentration, the apoptosis rate increased with ADM treatment time prolonged. MTT result showed that the non-cytotoxic dose of elemene had synergistic effect on rilling SGC7901/ADM stomach cancer cell line and was in a dose-dependant manner. CONCLUSION: The inhibitory effect of elemene on reversing chemoresistance to ADM in human stomach cancer cell line maybe related to inhibiting NF-kappaB activity.