Free-standing N, S co-doped graphene aerogels coupled with Eucalyptus wood tar-based activated carbon and cellulose nanofibers for high-performance supercapacitor and removal of Cr(VI).

N, S-dual doping graphene aerogels with three dimensional interconnected network and large specific surface area have been fabricated by cellulose nanofibers (CNF), Eucalyptus wood tar-based activated carbon (AC), and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) for the energy storage applications as well as the removal of Cr(VI). Benefiting from the particular pore structural characteristics, the optimized activated carbon aerogel electrode (GDAC) exhibited prominent capacitances of 813.8 F/g at 1 A/g, and prominent cycling stability. The Ragone plot for the GDAC supercapacitor depicted that the energy density reached maximum (50 Wh/kg) when the power density was 370 W/kg. As far as the adsorption capacity of GDAC for Cr(VI), GDAC achieved a removal rate of 97 % for Cr(VI) and a maximum adsorption capacity of 939.20 mg/g. The fabrication method and excellent performance of GDAC proposed in this study provided new perspective into the potential application of Eucalyptus wood tar-based materials in the supercapacitor applications. Additionally, the comprehensive analysis of the structure-function relationship also provided important theoretical foundations for the removal of Cr(VI).

Microbacterium nymphoidis sp. nov. and Microbacterium festucae sp. nov., two novel species with high plant-promoting potential isolated from wetland plants in China.

Two novel plant growth-promoting, rod-shaped, Gram-positive and non-motile rhizobacteria, W1NT and W2RT, were isolated from wetland plants Festuca elata and Nymphoides peltatum, respectively, in China. The results of the 16S rRNA sequence alignment analysis showed that they were related to Microbacterium, with the highest similarity to Microbacterium ketosireducens (98.7 %) and Microbacterium laevaniformans (98.5 %) for strain W1NT, and to Microbacterium terricola (98.1 %) and Microbacterium marinum (98.0 %) for strain W2RT. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and 92 conserved concatenated proteins suggested that the two strains belong to the genus Microbacterium and were placed in two separate novel phylogenetic clades. The genome sizes of the two strains were 3.2 and 3.7 Mb, and the G+C contents were 71.7 and 68.5 mol%, respectively. The comparative genome results showed that the average nucleotide identity values between W1NT and W2RT and other species ranged from 73.5 to 83.6 %, and the digital DNA-DNA hybridization values ranged from 19.7 to 26.8 %. These two strains show physiological and biochemical features that differ from those of closely related species. Rhamnose, galactose and glucose were present in the characteristic sugar fractions of strains W1NT and W2RT. The peptidoglycan of strains W1NT and W2RT contained the amino acids ornithine, alanine and aspartic acid. C15 : 0 anteiso, C17 : 0 anteiso and C16 : 0 iso were the predominant cellular fatty acids in W1NT and W2RT. Phosphatidylglycerol and diphosphatidylglycerol are major polar lipid components. Strain W1NT not only formed bacterial biofilms but also had the ability to solubilize phosphorus and produce indole-3-acetic acid. Strain W2RT had siderophore-producing and lignin-degrading properties. Based on their genetic and phenotypic characteristics, strains W1NT and W2RT were classified as novel bacteria in the genus Microbacterium and designated as Microbacterium festucae sp. nov. (type strain W1NT=ACCC 61807T=GDMCC 1.2966T=JCM 35339T) and Microbacterium nymphoidis sp. nov. (type strain W2RT=ACCC 61808T=GDMCC 1.2967T=JCM 35340T).

Outcome expectations and working alliance may be more important for patients from rural areas during the transition to college life: An exploratory within-patient analysis.

OBJECTIVE: Research has given limited attention to the distinction between patients from rural and urban areas, especially concerning the frequent overlap between rural living and low socio-economic status (SES). To shed more light on this, we explored the differential treatment processes between patients from rural and urban areas. METHOD: Seven hundred and fourteen patients recruited from a university counseling center in China filled out the questionnaires for Outcome Expectation (OE), Session Alliance Inventory (SAI) and Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation-Outcome Measure (CORE-OM) each session. Data was analyzed using the disaggregated cross-lagged panel model and the asymmetric fixed-effect model. RESULTS: The findings indicated a reciprocal within-patient relation between OE and SAI for the whole sample. SAI mediated the effect of OE on next-session CORE-OM for patients from rural areas, with a significantly greater indirect effect than for patients from the urban areas. Asymmetric effects were found for OE among patients from urban areas, for whom drops in OE predicted worse next-session CORE-OM more strongly than improvements in OE predicted improved CORE-OM. CONCLUSION: This study provided preliminary evidence for differential OE-alliance-outcome predictions between patients with different SES and affirmed a reciprocal OE-alliance relation in a Chinese sample during the transition period of college.

Childhood maltreatment influences suicidal behavior: Rumination mediates and regulatory emotional self-efficacy moderates.

To investigate the mediating role of rumination in the association between childhood maltreatment and suicidal behavior, and the moderating role of regulatory emotional self-efficacy, university students (N = 1,458) from 5 universities in China completed questionnaires in classrooms. Path analyses showed emotional maltreatment had the greatest positive association with suicidal behavior and rumination compared with other types of childhood maltreatment. Rumination partly mediated the relationship between childhood maltreatment and suicidal behavior. High regulatory emotional self-efficacy moderated the relation between ruminating childhood maltreatment and suicidal behavior.

The relationship between responsibility attribution and session outcomes: Two-dimension attribution and two-person perspective.

OBJECTIVE: Blame attribution (who is to blame for problem causes) and solution attribution (who is to control problem solving) are two critical dimensions of responsibility attribution in psychotherapy. The present study aimed to (1) investigate the impacts of blame attribution and solution attribution on session outcomes from both client and therapist perspectives and (2) clarify the relationship between the therapist-client congruence of responsibility attribution and session outcomes. METHOD: A total of 69 clients were recruited at a university counselling centre. Client-rated responsibility attribution (to what extent they were responsible for the causes and solution of their current concerns), therapist-rated responsibility attribution (to what extent they thought their clients should be responsible for the causes and solution of clients' current concerns), client-rated session quality and symptom level for each session were collected across 387 sessions. Multilevel regression was used to explore the relationship between responsibility attribution and session outcomes. Truth and bias model and response surface analysis were utilized to analyse the within-client and between-client client-therapist congruence effects. RESULTS: The main results included that (1) the clients with higher solution responsibility had more symptom improvement and higher evaluation of session quality (between-client level). A client's perceived solution responsibility predicted better session quality and fewer next session symptom levels (within-client level). (2) If a therapist attributed more solution responsibility to his/her client, the session quality was higher (within-client level). (3) Neither clients' nor therapists' perspectives on blame attribution directly affected session outcomes. But the higher the client's blame for his/her problem causes, the stronger the association between solution responsibility and symptom reduction (within-client level). (4) Higher within-client client-therapist congruence on blame responsibility led to better session outcomes. CONCLUSION: The clients' solution responsibility and client-therapist congruence on blame for problem causes contribute to session outcomes in psychotherapy.

Separating the effects of improvements and deteriorations in mechanisms on outcome using the asymmetric effects model.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this article was to introduce the Asymmetric Fixed Effects (AFE) model to psychotherapy mechanisms of change researchers as a novel way of studying the effects of improvements and deteriorations in the candidate mechanism(s) separately. Alliance-outcome research was used to illustrate the possibility of estimating separate effects of improvements and deteriorations in the alliance. METHOD: Two archival data sets were used. One was from community-based primary care services in Sweden using the Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation-Outcome Measure (CORE-OM) and the Working Alliance Inventory-Short form (WAI-S, therapist form) each session with 1,096 patients. The other data set was from a university counseling center in China using the Session Rating Scale (SRS) and the Outcome Rating Scale (ORS) each session with 292 patients. Data were analyzed using the AFE model. RESULTS: The findings indicated that with raw scores, improvements in alliance from one session to the next were followed by lower symptoms/distress scores by the next session, but alliance deteriorations had no effect on next-session symptoms/distress. With alliance deteriorations and improvements defined relative to the sample's average linear change over time, improvements, and deteriorations had equal but opposite effects on next session symptom level. CONCLUSIONS: Findings confirm the utility of the Asymmetric Fixed Effect model across two cross-national samples in showing that alliance deteriorations and improvements can predict next session symptoms separately at the within-person level. Findings raise new questions regarding the use of detrending in within-patient mechanism of change studies. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

Alliance-outcome relation and progress feedback: Secondary data analyses of a randomized clinical trial study in China.

Objective: This study examined the alliance-outcome relation and the possible moderation effect of receiving progress feedback on a sample of Chinese clients. Method: One hundred and fifty-nine clients recruited from a university counseling center in central China filled out the Session Rating Scale (SRS) and the Outcome Rating Scale (ORS) each session. Participants were randomly assigned to either the progress feedback group or non-feedback group. Therapists working with clients in the feedback group received their clients' SRS and ORS scores weekly and were asked to plot their scores in a chart. The alliance-outcome and moderator effects were tested with disaggregated cross-lagged panel modeling of SRS and ORS. Results: The findings indicated a strong reciprocal relation between SRS and ORS, but the moderator effect due to feedback was not supported. Conclusion: Results affirm the cross-cultural stability of the session-by-session reciprocal effects of the alliance-outcome model in a Chinese sample. The issue of whether feedback moderates the within-person alliance-outcome relationship needs to be studied further.

Leguminous supplementation increases the resilience of soil microbial community and nutrients in Chinese fir plantations.

Understory vegetation plays a vital role in the flow of materials and nutrient cycling in plantation ecosystems. Introducing functional plants (one species or a group of plants that share similar characteristics and can play a similar role in an ecological environment) can quickly improve the environment of the soil of a plantation with a single-stand structure suffering from soil degradation. Five stands composed of Chinese fir plants of different ages (young, immature, near-mature, mature, and over-mature stand forests) were supplemented with leguminous plants to determine the effects on soil nutrients and microbial communities. We supplemented the five stands with five different combinations of four non-native plant species, Dalbergia balansae, Taxus chinensis, Spatholobus suberectus, and Kaempferia galangal, as treatments. After one year, plant growth was estimated, and soil samples were collected for laboratory experiments and high-throughput sequencing. Our results show that supplementing the stands with plants increased the nutrient content of the soil and promoted the growth and diversity of soil microbial communities in Chinese fir plantations. Furthermore, the effects of plant supplementation varied according to the age of the stand in the plantation; thus, the positive effects were stronger for young, immature, and near-mature stand forests than they were for mature and over-mature stand forests. Measurements of the microbial diversity in the soil revealed that supplementation increased diversity in the fungal community more than that in the bacterial community. A principal component analysis (PCA) of the five treatments and controls under different forest stands ages demonstrated that microbial communities differed significantly between treatments and controls and that supplementing Chinese fir plantations with leguminous plants had a greater influence on microbial communities than other plants did. Our study suggests that certain leguminous plants can increase soil nutrients and the diversity of soil microbial communities in one year.

Phyllobacterium phragmitis sp. nov., an endophytic bacterium isolated from Phragmites australis rhizome in Kumtag Desert.

A Gram-negative rod, designated strain 1N-3T, was isolated from a rhizome of Phragmites australis grown in Kumtag Desert, China. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the strain is closely related to Phyllobacterium salinisoli LMG 30173T with 99.0% sequence similarity in the 16S rRNA gene and 92.9% in the atpD gene. Growth was observed at salinities of 0-4% (w/v), over a pH range of 5.0-10.0 (optimum 8.0) and at temperatures of 15-40 °C (optimum 30 °C). The predominant cellular fatty acids were identified as summed feature 8 (C18:1ω7c/C18:1ω6c). The G+C content of strain 1N-3T was determined to be 60.1%. Based on phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, phylogenetic properties and genomic comparison, it is concluded that strain 1N-3T represents a novel species of the genus Phyllobacterium, for which the name Phyllobacterium phragmitis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 1N-3T (=KCTC 62183T =ACCC 60071T).

Sphingomonas deserti sp. nov., isolated from Mu Us Sandy Land soil.

A Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped bacterium, designated as strain GL-C-18T, was isolated from soil sample collected at Mu Us Sandy Land, China, and its taxonomic position was investigated using a polyphasic approach. Growth was observed in the presence of 0-1 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0 %), pH 6.0-9.0 (optimum, pH 7.0-8.0) and 20-37 °C. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, strain GL-C-18T belonged to the family Sphingomonadaceae and was most closely related to Sphingosinicella vermicomposti YC7378T (95.7 %), Sphingomonas oligophenolica S213T (95.0 %) and Sphingobium boeckii 301T (94.8 %). The draft genome of strain GL-C-18T was 6.09 Mb, and the G+C content was 66.0 %. The average nucleotide identity value to Sphingosinicella vermicomposti YC7378T was 83.7 %. The predominant respiratory quinone was Q-10. The major fatty acids were C18 : 1ω7c, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c), C16:0 and C14 : 0 2OH. The main polar lipids were sphingoglycolipid, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine. On the basis of chemotaxonomic, phylogenetic and phenotypic evidence, strain GL-C-18T represents a novel species of the genus Sphingomonas, for which the name Sphingomonasdeserti sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is GL-C-18T (=ACCC 60076T=KCTC 62411T).

Functional Insights into the Roles of Hormones in the Dendrobium officinale-Tulasnella sp. Germinated Seed Symbiotic Association.

Dendrobium is one of the largest genera in the Orchidaceae, and D. officinale is used in traditional medicine, particularly in China. D. officinale seeds are minute and contain limited energy reserves, and colonization by a compatible fungus is essential for germination under natural conditions. When the orchid mycorrhizal fungi (OMF) initiates symbiotic interactions with germination-driven orchid seeds, phytohormones from the orchid or the fungus play key roles, but the details of the possible biochemical pathways are still poorly understood. In the present study, we established a symbiotic system between D. officinale and Tulasnella sp. for seed germination. RNA-Seq was used to construct libraries of symbiotic-germinated seeds (DoTc), asymbiotic-germinated seeds (Do), and free-living OMF (Tc) to investigate the expression profiles of biosynthesis and metabolism pathway genes for three classes of endogenous hormones: JA (jasmonic acid), ABA (abscisic acid) and SLs (strigolactones), in D. officinale seeds and OMF under symbiotic and asymbiotic conditions. Low concentrations of endogenous JA, ABA, or SLs were detected in the D. officinale-Tulasnella symbiont compared with the asymbiotic tissues. Gene annotation results suggest that the expression of DEGs (differentially expressed genes) related to JA and ABA biosynthesis from D. officinale were down-regulated, while most of the key DEGs related to SL biosynthesis from D. officinale were up-regulated in the symbiotic germinated seeds compared with the asymbiotic germinated seeds. Moreover, in the OMF, we found a significantly up-regulated differential expression of the JA and ABA biosynthesis-related genes in the symbiotic interaction, with the opposite expression trends to those found in Dendrobium. This indicates that Dendrobium seed symbiotic germination may be stimulated by the apparent involvement of the OMF in the production of hormones, and relatively low concentrations of endogenous JA, ABA, or SLs might be maintained to promote the growth of the D. officinale-Tulasnella symbiotic protocorm-like body. These results will increase our understanding of the possible roles played by endogenous hormones in the regulation of the orchid-fungus symbiosis.

Mesorhizobium ephedrae sp. nov. isolated from the roots of Ephedra przewalskii in Kumtag desert.

Strain 6GN-30T, a Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped, motile bacterium was isolated from Ephedra sinica roots in the Kumtag Desert. On the basis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence, the isolate represented a member of the genus Mesorhizobium of the family Phyllobacteriaceae. The results of a phylogenetic analysis indicated that 6GN-30T was phylogenetically related to Mesorhizobium soliNHI-8T. Strain 6GN-30T grew at a salinity of 0-1.0 % (w/v) NaCl (with optimum growth in the absence of NaCl), pH 6.0-9.0 (optimum 7.0-8.0) and 15-45 °C. The major cellular fatty acids were summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω7c/C18 : 1ω6c), C19 : 0cyclo ω8c, iso-C17 : 0, C18 : 0, and C16 : 0. The draft genome of 6GN-30T was 6.11 Mb long, with a DNA G+C content of 66.4 mol%. The average nucleotide identity to M. soliNHI-8T was 84.32 %. The strain contained diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine,aminophospholipids and phospholipids. The chemotaxonomic, phylogenetic and phenotypic data indicate that 6GN-30T represents a novel species of the genus Mesorhizobiumfor which the name Mesorhizobiumephedrae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 6GN-30T (=ACCC 60073T=KCTC 62410T).

Zobellella endophytica sp. nov., isolated from the roots of Phragmites communis in the Kumtag Desert.

A Gram-negative, aerobic, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped, motile bacterium, named strain 59N8T, was isolated from Phragmites communis roots in the Kumtag Desert. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that the isolate belongs to the genus Zobellella within the family Aeromonadaceae. The analysis showed that strain 59N8T was most closely related to Zobellella taiwanensis ZT1T. The average nucleotide identity value with Zobellella taiwanensis ZT1T was 88.2 %, and the digital DNA-DNA hybridization value was 29.7±2.4 %, which was calculated using the Genome-to-Genome Distance Calculator. The G+C content of strain 59N8T was 62.8 mol%. Strain 59N8T grew at 0-5 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0-4 %), pH 6.0-9.0 (optimum, 7.0-8.0) and at 10-45 °C. The major cellular fatty acids were summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω7c/C18 : 1ω6c), summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c/C16 : 1ω6c) and C16 : 0. The major polar lipids in strain 59N8T were phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol. Based on the chemotaxonomic, phylogenetic and phenotypic data, strain 59N8T represents a novel species in the genus Zobellella, for which the name Zobellellaendophytica sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 59N8T (=ACCC 60074T=KCTC 62456T).

Sphingobacterium haloxyli sp. nov., an endophytic bacterium isolated from Haloxylon ammodendron stems in Kumtag desert.

A Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, aerobic, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped, bacterial strain, designated 5JN-11T, was isolated from Haloxylonammodendron stems in Kumtag desert, Xinjiang province, China. Strain 5JN-11T grew at salinities of 0-6 % (w/v; optimum 0-2 %), a pH of 7.0-9.0 (pH 7.0-8.0) and temperatures of 20-42 °C (28-30 °C). Based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, the strain was designated a member of the genus Sphingobacterium and the phylogenetic analysis showed that strain 5JN-11T shared the highest similarity to Sphingobacterium gobiense H7T, followed by Sphingobacterium chuzhouense DH-5T and Sphingobacterium arenae H-12T. The unfinished draft genome of strain 5JN-11T was 4.69 Mb. The G+C content of strain 5JN-11T was 42.8 mol%. The average nucleotide identity to S. gobiense H7T was 90.5 %. The respiratory quinone was MK-7, and the major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphoglycolipid. The predominant cellular fatty acids were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c), iso-C15 : 0 and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH. On the basis of phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic evidence, strain 5JN-11T represents a novel species in the genus Sphingobacterium, for which the name Sphingobacteriumhaloxyli sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 5JN-11T (=ACCC 60072T=KCTC 62457T).

Client feedback in China: A randomized clinical trial in a college counseling center.

Although client feedback has been demonstrated to improve psychotherapy outcomes in over a dozen randomized clinical trials, no studies to date have investigated the feedback effect outside of the United States or Europe. This study examined the impact of a client feedback intervention, the Partners for Change Outcome Management System, in a college counseling center in Wuhan, China (N = 186). Using a randomized design within routine care, treatment as usual (TAU; n = 85) was compared with a feedback condition (n = 101) in which therapists had access to client-generated outcome and alliance information at each session. Clients in the feedback condition demonstrated significantly greater improvement than those in the TAU condition at posttreatment. Not-on-track (n = 60) clients also demonstrated significantly more improvement at 6 times the rate of reliable change compared with the TAU condition. Survival analysis revealed that 66.7% of the clients in the feedback condition achieved reliable and clinically significant change after a median of 4 sessions whereas 57.0% of the clients in the TAU condition achieved reliable and clinically significant change after a median of 6 sessions. Alliance scores improved significantly more across treatment and were higher at posttreatment in the feedback condition. Although preliminary, this study suggests that the positive effects of improved outcomes and increased efficiency associated with systematic client feedback can also occur in a college counseling setting in China. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).

Parapedobacter deserti sp. nov., an endophytic bacterium isolated from Haloxylon ammodendron stems.

Strain N5SSJ16T, a Gram-negative-staining, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped, non-motile bacterium, was isolated from Haloxylon ammodendron stems. The strain grew in the presence of 0-4 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum growth in the absence of NaCl), at pH 7-9 (optimum: pH 8) and at 12-50 °C. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain N5SSJ16T was related phylogenetically to Parapedobacter composti 4M40T (96.5 %) and Parapedobacter luteus 4M29T (95.9 %). The cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c), summed feature 9 (C16 : 0 10-methyl and/or iso-C17 : 1ω9c) and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH. MK-7 was the respiratory quinone. The main polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, unidentified aminophospholipid and two unknown lipids. The G+C content of the DNA was 45.8 mol%. On the basis of chemotaxonomic, phylogenetic and phenotypic evidence, strain N5SSJ16T represents a novel species of the genus Parapedobacter, for which the name Parapedobacter deserti sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is N5SSJ16T (=ACCC 19928T=KCTC 52416T).

[Content and distribution of active components in cultivated and wild Taxus chinensis var. mairei plants].

Taxus chinensis var. mairei is an endemic and endangered plant species in China. The resources of T. chinensis var. mairei have been excessively exploited due to its anti-cancer potential, accordingly, the extant T. chinensis var. mairei population is decreasing. In this paper, ultrasonic extraction and HPLC were adopted to determine the contents of active components paclitaxel, 7-xylosyltaxol and cephalomannine in cultivated and wild T. chinensis var. mairei plants, with the content distribution of these components in different parts of the plants having grown for different years and at different slope aspects investigated. There existed obvious differences in the contents of these active components between cultivated and wild T. chinensis var. mairei plants. The paclitaxel content in the wild plants was about 0.78 times more than that in the cultivated plants, whereas the 7-xylosyltaxol and cephalomannine contents were slishtly higher in the cultivated plants. The differences in the three active components contents between different parts and tree canopies of the plants were notable, being higher in barks and upper tree canopies. Four-year old plants had comparatively higher contents of paclitaxel, 7-xylosyltaxol and cephalomannine (0.08, 0.91 and 0.32 mg x g(-1), respectively), and the plants growing at sunny slope had higher contents of the three active components, with significant differences in the paclitaxel and 7-xylosyltaxol contents and unapparent difference in the cephalomannine content of the plants at shady slope. It was suggested that the accumulation of the three active components in T. chinensis var. mairei plants were closely related to the sunshine conditions. To appropriately increase the sunshine during the artificial cultivation of T. chinensis var. mairei would be beneficial to the accumulation of the three active components in T. chinensis var. mairei plants.

[Point pattern analysis of different age-class Taxus chinensis var. mairei individuals in mountainous area of southern Anhui Province].

By using O-ring statistics in point pattern analysis and Programita software, this paper studied the spatial distribution patterns and associations of different age-class individuals of Taxus chinensis var. mairei populations at Xianyu and Xiaxiang in the mountainous area of southern Anhui Province. The Xianyu population had a random spatial distribution at the scales from 2 m to 25 m but a clumped distribution at the scales < 2 m, while the Xiaxiang population distributed randomly at all the scales. As for Xianyu population, its individuals of age-class I had a clumped distribution at the scales < 5 m, while the individuals of elder age-classes tended to be non-randomly distributed at more scales than < 5 m, which might be related to the features of population regeneration. With increasingly enlarged age-class differences, the spatial association between younger and elder age-classes individuals turned to be negative, but less spatial association was observed between adjacent age-classes individuals. Such a spatial relationship between different age-classes individuals of T. chinensis was beneficial to the effective use of resources. With the growth of the individuals, T. chinensis population had a transition from clumped to random distribution.