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1.
Hipertens. riesgo vasc ; 37(1): 11-16, ene.-mar. 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-188668

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Analizar la evolución de un programa de actividad física motivada para el tratamiento de la obesidad. Método: Estudio casos-control longitudinal, aleatorizado y controlado, con 2 brazos, 12 meses de seguimiento y una ratio de asignación 1:1. La recogida de datos se hizo entre julio del 2017 y julio del 2018. Los pacientes, mujeres y varones, debían haber sido derivados por sus médicos de empresa con el diagnóstico de sobrepeso u obesidad y una edad entre 20 y 65 años. Se analizan parámetros antropométricos, lipídicos y de seguimiento del programa. Resultados: Han participado 123 pacientes obesos o con sobrepeso (61 en el grupo de intervención [G1] y 62 en el grupo control usual care [G2]), 107 de los cuales han finalizado el estudio (60 en G1 y 47 en G2). Edad media: 45,55±12,83 DE. Sexo: 57,2% mujeres y 42,8% hombres. El seguimiento de los pacientes en el programa es muy superior al grupo control y los abandonos son no significativos (solo hubo uno). Se puede observar que tanto el peso como el índice de masa corporal como los principales parámetros lipídicos se reducen en el grupo de estudio de forma significativa con respecto al grupo control. La actividad física del grupo con intervención de programa de actividad física motivada es 3 veces superior al grupo sin intervención. Se aprecia una relación significativa entre el aumento de la actividad y la reducción de peso (p < 0,001), y también entre esta y la reducción de colesterol y triglicéridos. Conclusiones: En nuestro estudio, un programa de motivación para la actividad física resulta tener más seguimiento y por tanto mejora los parámetros antropométricos y lipídicos


Objective: To analyse the outcomes of a motivational physical activity program for the treatment of obesity. Method: A randomised, controlled, double blind clinical trial with 2 arms, 12 months of follow-up and a 1:1 allocation ratio. The data was collected between July 2017 and July 2018. The patients, of both genders, had to be referred by their occupational medicine doctors with the diagnosis of overweight or obesity and be aged between 20 and 65 years. An analysis was made of the anthropometric measurements, lipid parameters, as well as on the follow-up of the program. Results: A total of 123 obese or overweight patients participated. Two groups were formed; 61 in intervention group [G1] and 62 in as usual care control group [G2]). As regards the 107 that finished the study (60 in G1 and 47 in G2), the mean age was 45.55±12.83 SD, with 57.2% women and 42.8% men. The number of patients followed-up was much higher in the Physical Activity Program than in the control group, and the number of dropouts (only one) was insignificant. It can be seen how both the weight and the body mass index as the main lipid parameters are reduced in the study group significantly with respect to the control group. The physical activity of the group in the motivated physical activity program is three times higher than in the group without intervention. There was a significant relationship between the increase in activity and weight reduction (P<.001), also between the reduction in weight and the reduction in cholesterol and triglycerides. Conclusions: In our study, a motivational physical activity program leads to more follow-up and therefore improves the anthropometric and lipid parameters


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Motivation , Motor Activity/physiology , Obesity/therapy , Overweight/therapy , Case-Control Studies , Longitudinal Studies , Anthropometry , Body Mass Index
2.
SEMERGEN, Soc. Esp. Med. Rural Gen. (Ed. Impr.) ; 44(4): 249-256, mayo-jun. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-179988

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Se decidió comprobar que el tratamiento antitabáquico no era menos efectivo en la población psiquiátrica que en la sana. Material y métodos: Estudio de cohortes retrospectivo, descriptivo y comparativo. Se utilizó chi-cuadrado, razón de verosimilitud y t de Student. Significación estadística p≤0,05. Realizado en el Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete durante los años 2008-2012, con todos los pacientes atendidos en la Unidad de Tabaquismo. Resultados: El estudio incluyó a 1.484 pacientes, el 48,6% mujeres, edad 46,8 años, y edad de inicio al consumo 17,6. Número de intentos previos 1,48 y 25,39 cigarrillos-día. Test de Fagerström, 6,04; Richmond, 8,13; y cooximetría, 16,65ppm. Enviados desde atención primaria (38,7%) y Neumología (33%); tipo de tabaco, 75,8% rubio. El 15% con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica, el 8% con asma, el 9,4% con síndrome de apneas-hipopneas del sueño, el 28,7% con enfermedad respiratoria, el 4,6% cardiovascular, el 3,5% ambas, el 7,2% con hernia hiato, el 3,8% con enfermedad tiroidea, el 19% hipertensión, el 10,7% diabetes y el 29,4% dislipidemia. El 7,1% consumían drogas, un 12,6% alcohol y el 39,3% tenían, comorbilidad psiquiátrica (CPs). Los que padecían o no CPs fueron equiparables excepto en sexo, edad de inicio, Fagerström, Richmond, procedencia, asma, hernia de hiato, enfermedad tiroidea, hipertensión arterial y drogas. No acudió a la 2.a visita el 49,3% y hubo diferencias entre el tratamiento que se ofreció a los que tenían CPs. Completaron el tratamiento el 22,3% en CPs, sin diferencias existentes, así como tampoco en los que se trataron y no abandonaron, fracaso y días de abstinencia. Sí se detectaron respecto al éxito (p=0,008), el 13% con CPs y el 18,2% en los que no. Conclusión: El tratamiento antitabáquico en pacientes psiquiátricos es efectivo. Hay un aumento en la probabilidad de éxito en pacientes sin comorbilidad psiquiátrica


Objective: To determine whether or not nicotine addiction treatment was less effective in psychiatric than in the healthy population. Material and methods: A retrospective, descriptive and comparative cohort study was conducted in Albacete University Hospital during years 2008-2012 on all patients that attended the Tobacco Cessation Unit. The statistical tests used were Chi-squared, likelihood ratio, and the Student t test. Statistical significance P≤.05. Results: The study included a total of 1,484 patients, of which 48.6% were female. The mean age was 46.8 years, and the mean age of starting smoking was 17.6 years. The mean number of previous attempts to quit was 1.48, and mean number of cigarettes smoked was 25.39. They had a mean Fagerström score of 6.04, a Richmond score of 8.13, and a mean carbon monoxide level of 16.65ppm. Most patients were referred from Primary Care (38.7%) and Chest Diseases department (33%), and the type of tobacco smoked was "light" in 75.8%. There was 15% with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 8% with asthma, and 9.4% with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome. Furthermore, there was respiratory disease in 28.7%, cardiovascular disease in 4.6%, and both in 3.5%. Hiatus hernia was present in 7.2%, thyroid disease in 3.8%, hypertension in 19%, diabetes in 10.7%, and dyslipidaemia in 29.4%, Drugs were used by 7.1%, and 12.6% consumed alcohol. There was 39.3% psychiatric comorbidity (PC), and were comparable except in gender, age of onset, Fagerström, Richmond, source of referral, asthma, hiatus hernia, thyroid disease, hypertension, as well as drugs and treatment. Drug treatment was completed by 22.3% in the PC group, with no significant difference. There were differences in success (P=.008), but not in failure and relapse rates. Conclusion: Anti-smoking treatment in psychiatric patients is effective. An increase in the probability of treatment success is observed in patients without psychiatric comorbidity


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Tobacco Use Disorder/therapy , Smoking Cessation/statistics & numerical data , Mental Disorders/complications , Smoking Prevention , Retrospective Studies , Diagnosis, Dual (Psychiatry)/statistics & numerical data , Mental Disorders/epidemiology , Treatment Outcome , Comorbidity , Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology
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