ABSTRACT
Dietary phytochemical supplementation may improve muscle recovery from exercise. In this study, we investigated the effect of mate tea (MT) consumption - a phenol-rich beverage - on muscle strength and oxidative stress biomarkers after eccentric exercise. In a randomised, cross-over design, twelve men were assigned to drink either MT or water (control; CON) for 11 d. On the 8th day, subjects performed three sets of twenty maximal eccentric elbow flexion exercises. Maximal isometric elbow flexion force was measured before and at 0, 24, 48 and 72 h after exercise. Blood samples were obtained before and at 24, 48 and 72 h after exercise and analysed for total phenolics, GSH, GSSG, GSH:GSSG ratio and lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH). After eccentric exercise, muscle strength was significantly reduced over time, regardless of treatments. However, MT improved the rate of strength recovery by 8·6 % on the 1st day after exercise (P<0·05). Plasma concentration of total phenolic compounds was higher in MT than in CON at all time points (P<0·05) but decreased significantly at 72 h after exercise in both trials (P<0·05). Blood levels of GSH were significantly decreased at 48 and 72 h after exercise in CON (P<0·05) but did not change over time in MT. No significant changes were observed for GSSG, GSH:GSSG ratio and LOOH levels. MT intake did not influence muscle strength at all time points assessed but hastened the strength recovery over 24 h after exercise. MT also favoured the concentration of blood antioxidant compounds.
Subject(s)
Exercise/physiology , Ilex paraguariensis , Muscle Strength/drug effects , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Plant Extracts/administration & dosage , Plant Leaves/chemistry , Adult , Beverages , Biomarkers/blood , Cross-Over Studies , Glutathione/blood , Humans , Lipid Peroxides/blood , Male , Phenols/bloodABSTRACT
Com o objetivo de analisar a incidência de lesões e desvios posturais no taekwondo foram avaliados 10 atletas do sexo masculino da seleção catarinense. O histórico de lesões relacionadas à prática desta modalidade foi obtido por aplicação de questionário. A postura foi analisada por meio do protocolo do software SAPO. Os resultados indicaram lesões mais frequentes nos membros inferiores (7/10), principalmente no pé, por fratura e entorse. Houve diferença significativa entre os hemicorpos no ângulo Q (p = 0,037), ângulo perna/retropé (p = 0,001), alinhamento horizontal da pelve (p = 0,016) e comprimento entre membros (p = 0,02). Sugere-se a implementação de treinamento preventivo e exercícios compensatórios para prevenir lesões e desvios posturais em atletas de taekwondo.
Ten male athletes of Santa Catarina taekwondo team were evaluated with the purpose of assessing incidence of injuries and postural deviations. A questionnaire was used to access history of injuries related to the practice of this sport. Posture was evaluated by SAPO protocol. The results indicated more frequent injuries in lower limbs (7/10), specially on feet, by fractures and sprains. Significant difference at Q angle (p = 0,037), leg-hindfoot angle (p = 0,001), pelvis horizontal alignment (p = 0,016), and limbs length (p = 0,02) were identified. The relationship between postural deviations and incidence of injuries has not been established, due to the small sample size. We suggest prevention work programs and compensatory exercise to prevent injuries in taekwondo athletes.
Con el objetivo de analizar la incidencia de lesiones y alteraciones posturales en el taekwondo fueron evaluados 10 atletas del sexo masculino de la seleción catarinense. El histórico de lesiones relacionadas a la práctica de esta modalidad fue obtenido por aplicación de cuestionario. La postura fue analizada por medio del protocolo del software SAPO. Los resultados indicaron lesiones más frecuentes en los miembros inferiores (7/10) principalmente en el pie, por fractura y esguince. Ocurrieron diferencias significativas entre los hemicorpos en el ángulo Q (p = 0,037), ángulo pierna/retropie (p = 0,001), alineamiento horizontal de la pelves (p = 0,016) y tamaño entre miembros (p = 0,02). Se sugiere la implantación de entrenamiento preventivo y ejercicios compensatorios para prevenir lesiones y alteraciones posturales en atletas de taekwondo.
ABSTRACT
The aim of the present study was to measure saddle height effects on knee joint load. Nine uninjured non-cyclists were evaluated in three saddle heights: 100% of trochanteric height-REF; 103% of REF-HIGH; and 97% of REF-LOW. Two-dimensional sagittal plane force applied on the pedal and kinematics were recorded. After inverse dynamics of the lower limb, knee resultant force was computed as tibiofemoral normal and shear components and compressive patellofemoral force. Peak patellofemoral compressive force and peak compressive and shear tibiofemoral forces did not differ when saddle height was changed. Knee angle at the lower crank position increased at LOW compared to REF and HIGH saddle height (p<0.02). Small saddle height changes (±3%) did not affect knee joint load, at low workloads on uninjured subjects, while changes in knee angle did not relate to effects on joint forces. These findings suggest that setting saddle height by knee angle secures the maintenance of joint load at low workloads on uninjured subjects.