Detection of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in nasal and laryngeal swab specimens in endemically infected pig herds.

BACKGROUND: Apparently, laryngeal swabs (LS) are more sensitive than nasal swabs (NS) and allow earlier detection of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae by PCR. However, antecedents about the compared detection of M hyopneumoniae with NS and LS in growing pigs, from naturally infected herds, are lacking in the literature. Thus, this study compared the PCR detection of M hyopneumoniae from NS and LS in pigs of various ages. METHODS: A longitudinal study was performed at two farms where NS and LS were collected from three consecutive groups of 20 pigs at 3, 6, 10, 16 and 22 weeks of age. All samples were analysed by nested PCR for M hyopneumoniae detection. RESULTS: The probability of PCR detection of M hyopneumoniae was higher in LS for pigs of all ages (odds ratio (OR)=1.87; 95 per cent confidence interval (CI) 1.31-2.67) and in 22-week-old pigs (OR=4.87; 95 per cent CI 2.86-8.30). The agreement between both sample types was low to moderate (kappa 0.087-0.508), highlighting that M hyopneumoniae does not appear to colonise the respiratory tract in a generalised and consistent fashion. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that LS could be employed at different ages to achieve greater bacterial detection. Considering that LS is a minimally invasive, highly sensitive sample compared with the traditional NS, it could be suggested to employ this sample type for M hyopneumoniae detection in naturally infected pigs.

[Detection of Brachyspira pilosicoli and other Brachyspira species in Argentine poultry farms]. / Detección de Brachyspira pilosicoli y otras especies de Brachyspira en granjas avícolas argentinas.

Some species of the genus Brachyspira such as Brachyspira pilosicoli, Brachyspira intermedia and Brachyspira alvinipulli are pathogenic species capable of producing disease in laying hens. In our country, the presence of B. pilosicoli and other species of Brachyspira has been reported in pigs and dogs but there is no record of their presence in poultry. Fecal and cecal content samples from 34 laying hens of 4, 12 and 24 months of age from two farms were analyzed by isolation, biochemical tests and PCR. B. pilosicoli and Brachyspira spp. were identified in samples taken from laying hens of 12 and 24 months of age.

Detección de Brachyspira pilosicoli y otras especies de Brachyspira en granjas avícolas argentinas / Detection of Brachyspira pilosicoli and other Brachyspira species in Argentine poultry farms

Algunas especies del género Brachyspira, como Brachyspira pilosicoli, Brachyspira intermedia y Brachyspira alvinipulli, son especies patógenas capaces de producir enfermedad en gallinas ponedoras. En nuestro país, la presencia de B. pilosicoli y otras especies de Brachyspira ha sido informada en cerdos y en perros, pero no existen antecedentes de su presencia en aves de corral. En este estudio se analizaron muestras de materia fecal y de contenido de ciego de 34 gallinas ponedoras de 4, 12 y 24 meses provenientes de 2 establecimientos por medio del aislamiento, la realización de pruebas bioquímicas y reacción en cadena de la polimerasa. B. pilosicoli y Brachyspira spp. fueron identificadas en muestras tomadas de aves de 12 y 24 meses de edad

Some species of the genus Brachyspira such as Brachyspira pilosicoli, Brachyspira intermedia and Brachyspira alvinipulli are pathogenic species capable of producing disease in laying hens. In our country, the presence of B. pilosicoli and other species of Brachyspira has been reported in pigs and dogs but there is no record of their presence in poultry. Fecal and cecal content samples from 34 laying hens of 4, 12 and 24 months of age from two farms were analyzed by isolation, biochemical tests and PCR. B. pilosicoli and Brachyspira spp. were identified in samples taken from laying hens of 12 and 24 months of age

Detection of Mycoplasma canadense and Mycoplasma californicum in dairy cattle from Argentina.

Different species of Mycoplasma can affect bovine cattle, causing several diseases. PCR sequencing and further analysis of the 16S-23S rRNA ITS region have shown a significant interspecies variability among Mollicutes. Sixteen suspected isolates of Mycoplasma spp. obtained from milk samples from dairy herds were amplified (16S-23S rRNA ITS region). Fourteen out of those 16 suspected Mycoplasma spp. isolates were PCR-positive. To confirm the identity of Mycoplasma bovis, these 14 isolates were tested by another species-specific PCR. Seven of the isolates rendered a positive result. The products of 16S-23S rRNA ITS PCR from one isolate that was identified as M. bovis and from two other isolates, identified as non- M. bovis were randomly selected, sequenced and analyzed. The three sequences (A, B and C) showed 100% similarity with M. bovis, Mycoplasma canadense and Mycoplasma californicum respectively.

Detección de Mycoplasma canadense y Mycoplasma californicum en ganado lechero de Argentina / Detection of Mycoplasma canadense and Mycoplasma californicum in dairy cattle from Argentina

Diferentes especies del género Mycoplasma pueden afectar al ganado bovino y causar varias enfermedades. La técnica de PCR, secuenciación y posterior análisis de la región ITS 16S-23S ARNr ha mostrado que existe una importante variabilidad interespecies entre Mollicutes. Se realizó la amplificación (región ITS 16S-23S ARNr) de 16 aislamientos sospechosos de corresponder a alguna especie de Mycoplasma, que habían sido obtenidos de muestras de leche provenientes de rodeos lecheros. Catorce de esos aislamientos fueron PCR positivos. Para confirmar la identidad de Mycoplasma bovis, dichos aislamientos fueron evaluados por otra PCR especie-específica. Siete aislamientos dieron un resultado positivo. Los productos de la PCR de la ITS 16S-23S ARNr de un aislamiento identificado como M. bovis y de otros dos aislamientos identificados como no-M. bovis fueron seleccionados al azar, secuenciados y analizados. Las tres secuencias (A, B y C) mostraron 100 % de similitud con cepas de M. bovis, Mycoplasma canadense y Mycoplasma californicum, respectivamente

Different species of Mycoplasma can affect bovine cattle, causing several diseases. PCR sequencing and further analysis of the 16S-23S rRNA ITS region have shown a significant interspecies variability among Mollicutes. Sixteen suspected isolates of Mycoplasma spp. obtained from milk samples from dairy herds were amplified (16S-23S rRNA ITS region). Fourteen out of those 16 suspected Mycoplasma spp. isolates were PCR-positive. To confirm the identity of Mycoplasma bovis, these 14 isolates were tested by another species-specific PCR. Seven of the isolates rendered a positive result. The products of 16S-23S rRNA ITS PCR from one isolate that was identified as M. bovis and from two other isolates, identified as non- M. bovis were randomly selected, sequenced and analyzed. The three sequences (A, B and C) showed 100% similarity with M. bovis, Mycoplasma canadense and Mycoplasma californicum respectively

Detection of Mycoplasma canadense and Mycoplasma californicum in dairy cattle from Argentina. / Detection of Mycoplasma canadense and Mycoplasma californicum in dairy cattle from Argentina.

Different species of Mycoplasma can affect bovine cattle, causing several diseases. PCR sequencing and further analysis of the 16S-23S rRNA ITS region have shown a significant interspecies variability among Mollicutes. Sixteen suspected isolates of Mycoplasma spp. obtained from milk samples from dairy herds were amplified (16S-23S rRNA ITS region). Fourteen out of those 16 suspected Mycoplasma spp. isolates were PCR-positive. To confirm the identity of Mycoplasma bovis, these 14 isolates were tested by another species-specific PCR. Seven of the isolates rendered a positive result. The products of 16S-23S rRNA ITS PCR from one isolate that was identified as M. bovis and from two other isolates, identified as non- M. bovis were randomly selected, sequenced and analyzed. The three sequences (A, B and C) showed 100

similarity with M. bovis, Mycoplasma canadense and Mycoplasma californicum respectively.