ABSTRACT
Laggeric acid (1), a novel 4,5-seco-eudesmane sesquiterpene acid, along with 19 known compounds, was isolated from the MeOH extract of the whole plant of Laggera crispata. The structure of 1 was elucidated to be (4S,5S*,7R*,10R*)-4,5-seco-4,5-dihydroxy-11(13)-eudesmen-12-oic acid on the basis of spectroscopic analysis and a convenient Mosher's method.
Subject(s)
Drugs, Chinese Herbal/isolation & purification , Sesquiterpenes, Eudesmane/isolation & purification , Asteraceae/chemistry , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry , Molecular Structure , Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular , Sesquiterpenes , Sesquiterpenes, Eudesmane/chemistry , StereoisomerismABSTRACT
To determine the level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in experimental dog model of severe acute cauda equina syndrome, which was induced by multiple cauda equina constrictions throughout the entire lumbar (L), sacral (S) and coccygeal (Co) spinal cord and their central processes of the dorsal root ganglia neurons. Adult male mongrel dogs were randomly divided into 2 groups. The experiment group (n=4) was subjected to multiple cauda equina constrictions. The control group (n=4) was subjected to cauda equina exposure without constrictions. Level of BDNF in the spinal cord and the dorsal root ganglion cells (L7, S1-S3) was assessed 48 hours after multiple constrictions by immunohistochemical and histopathological analyses. 48 hours after multiple constrictions of cauda equina, up-regulation of BDNF within lumbosacral (L7-S3) spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion was observed in experimental group as compared to control group. Our result suggests that BDNF might play a role in the inflammatory and neuropathic pain as a result of multiple cauda equina constrictions. Regulation of BDNF level could potentially provide a therapy for treating cauda equina syndrome.
ABSTRACT
Osteoblasts play a crucial role in bone formation. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in osteoblast differentiation remain largely unclear. Runt-related gene 2 (Runx2) is a master transcriptional factor for osteoblast differentiation. Here we reported that p300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF) directly binds to Runx2 and acetylates Runx2, leading to an increase in its transcriptional activity. Upregulation of PCAF in MC3T3-E1 cells increases the expression of osteogenic marker genes including alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (Ocn), and Osteopontin (Opn), and ALP activity was stimulated as well. Consequently, the mineralization of MC3T3-E1 cells was remarkably improved by PCAF. In contrast, PCAF knockdown decreases the mRNA levels of ALP, Ocn, and Opn. ALP activity and the mineralized area were attenuated under PCAF knockdown conditions. These results indicate that PCAF is an important regulator for promoting osteoblast differentiation via acetylation modification of Runx2.
Subject(s)
Cell Differentiation , Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit/metabolism , Osteoblasts/cytology , Osteoblasts/metabolism , p300-CBP Transcription Factors/metabolism , Acetylation , Animals , Cell Differentiation/genetics , Cell Line , Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit/genetics , Gene Knockdown Techniques , HEK293 Cells , Humans , Mice , Osteogenesis/genetics , Protein Binding , Transcription, Genetic , Up-Regulation/geneticsABSTRACT
Lamiolactone (1), a new iridoid lactone, together with five known iridoids, were isolated from the 95% EtOH extract of the roots of Lamiophlomis rotata. The structure of 1 was elucidated to be methyl antirrhinolide-4-carboxylate on the basis of spectroscopic analysis.
Subject(s)
Iridoids/chemistry , Lactones/chemistry , Lamiaceae/chemistry , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Molecular Structure , Plant Roots/chemistryABSTRACT
Three new compounds, debilitriol (1), debilignanoside (2), and equisetumine (3), along with nine known compounds, were isolated from the whole plant of Equisetum debile. Their structures were elucidated by spectral and chemical methods.
Subject(s)
Alkaloids/isolation & purification , Benzene Derivatives/isolation & purification , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/isolation & purification , Equisetum/chemistry , Glucosides/isolation & purification , Lignans/isolation & purification , Alkaloids/chemistry , Benzene Derivatives/chemistry , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry , Glucosides/chemistry , Lignans/chemistry , Molecular Structure , Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, BiomolecularABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of reduction through anterior distraction in treatment of bilateral cervical facet dislocation. METHODS: Twenty-one patients with bilateral cervical facet dislocation underwent leverage reduction through anterior distraction, interbody fusion, and internal fixation. Follow-up lasted 16 months (4 months to 5 years). RESULTS: All of the 21 patients got reduction of cervical facet dislocation and bony fusion. The neurological deficiency in 4 of the 21 patients improved. CONCLUSION: Simple and safe, reduction through anterior distraction is effective in treatment of bilateral cervical facet dislocation with reliable fusion.