Association between Dietary Consumption of Vitamin B1 and Advanced Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study in NHANES 2005-2008.

INTRODUCTION: One of the most common conditions that causes permanent blindness globally is age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The purpose of the present study was to determine the association between vitamin B1 consumption and the prevalence of late AMD in a representative US sample. METHODS: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2005 and 2008 were utilized for this cross-sectional analysis. The logistic regression model was used to evaluate the association between vitamin B1 consumption levels and late AMD. RESULTS: Our study included 5,107 people aged 40 years old and above. Vitamin B1 intake levels were inversely associated with the prevalence of late AMD, with OR being 0.40 (95% CI: 0.26-0.62), 0.53 (95% CI: 0.29-0.94), 0.55 (95% CI: 0.31-0.99) for the crude model 1, adjusted model 2, and fully adjusted model 3, respectively. CONCLUSION: Our study found that vitamin B1 intake levels were inversely associated with the prevalence of late AMD in the USA. Further randomized clinical trials among multiple centers are still warranted to investigate the longitudinal and causal relationship between vitamin B1 intake and late AMD.

Corneal remodeling after SMILE for moderate and high myopia: short-term assessment of spatial changes in corneal volume and thickness.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the early corneal remodeling and its influencing factors after Small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) for moderate and high myopia. METHODS: This was a retrospective study. Pre- and post-operative (1 week and 1, 3, 6 months) corneal volume (CV), mean keratometry (Km), and corneal thickness (CT) were measured by Scheimpflug tomography. CT at the central, thinnest point, and on concentric circles of 2, 4, and 6 mm diameter was recorded to assess corneal thickness spatial profile (CTSP) and percentage of thickness increase (PTI) in the moderate and high myopia groups, and to explore possible influencing factors. RESULTS: After SMILE, the peripheral CT decreased in the moderate myopia group and central corneal thickness (CCT) increased in the high myopia group at 1 month compared to 1 week (all P < 0.05). The CV, Km and CT were significantly increased at 3 months compared to 1 month (all P < 0.05), but there was no significant change at 6 months compared to 3 months for both groups (all P > 0.05). Patients with high myopia showed greater corneal thickness changes (△CT) and higher PTI than moderate myopia (all P < 0.05). Regression analysis revealed that in addition to refraction, peripheral PTI was negatively correlated with CCT in the moderate myopia group (4 mm: ß = -0.023, P = 0.001; 6 mm: ß = -0.050, P < 0.001), as well as in the high myopia group (4 mm: ß = -0.038, P < 0.001; 6 mm: ß = -0.094, P < 0.001). Moreover, peripheral PTI in the moderate myopia group was negatively correlated with age (4 mm: ß = -0.071, P = 0.003; 6 mm: ß = -0.162, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: After SMILE, the CV, Km, and CTSP showed dynamic changes in the early stage, which stabilized after 3 months. Compared to the moderate myopia group, the high myopia group experienced slower corneal stabilization. The change in PTI at 6 months after SMILE may be related to higher preoperative refraction, thinner CCT and younger age.

Association between axial length and HDL in children: a hospital-based cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: To analyze the relationship between axial length and levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol in children. METHODS: A retrospective, hospital-based cross-sectional research with 69 right eyes from 69 children who underwent health examination by Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital was carried out. The participants were split into three groups: Group A (axial length < = 23 mm), Group B (axial length 23-24 mm), and Group C (axial length > 24 mm). Demographic epidemiological information, blood biochemical parameters and ophthalmic characteristics including refractive status and ocular geometric parameters were obtained and analyzed. RESULTS: 69 right eyes from 69 patients (25 males and 44 females) with a median age of 10.00 years old (IQR: 8.00-11.00 years) were included in the study. Within Group A, there were a total of 17 individuals; Group B consisted of 22 individuals; Group C included 30 individuals. The mean axial length of three groups was 22.148(0.360), 23.503(0.342) and 24.770(0.556) mm, respectively (p < 0.0001). The mean HDL levels were significantly different in three groups are 1.824(0.307), 1.485(0.253) and 1.507 (0.265) mmol/L, respectively. By applying a Pearson Coefficient, we evaluated the association between axial length and HDL and discovered that there was a statistically significant (p = 0.00025) and adverse (R = -0.43) association between axial length and HDL. CONCLUSIONS: We concluded from our study that there was a significantly inverse relationship between axial length and the levels of HDL in children.