Severe Venous Calcifications in Phlebosclerotic Colitis and Significantly Decreased Expression in Betaine.

Phlebosclerotic colitis (PC) is a rare type of chronic ischemic colitis. Its etiology is still unknown, and PC is also known as idiopathic mesenteric phlebosclerosis colitis. Currently, many studies have reported that long-term use of Chinese herbal medicine and drinking history are related to its pathogenesis. In the early stage of the lesion, due to insufficient understanding of PC, it is difficult to distinguish it from inflammatory bowel disease and other nonneoplastic intestinal diseases. We reported a case of severe diffuse total colon calcification with multiple misdiagnosis, summarizing and analyzing the clinical pathological characteristics to increase clinical and pathological physicians' understanding of the disease and reduce misdiagnosis. Moreover, for the first time, we conducted metabolomics sequencing on fresh intestinal specimens of PC, in order to explore the possible mechanism of severe calcification in the patient. We found that betaine was significantly decreased in the intestinal specimens of the patient, which is an amino acid that has been shown to improve vascular risk factors, and may be one of the mechanisms underlying severe calcification in the patient.

Epidemiological features of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection under new control strategy: a cross-sectional study of the outbreak since December 2022 in Sichuan, China.

BACKGROUND: A major shift in the "dynamic zero-COVID" policy was announced by China's National Health Commission on December 7, 2022, and the subsequent immediate large-scale outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 infections in the entire country has caused worldwide concern. This observational cross-sectional study aimed to describe the epidemiological characteristics of this outbreak in Sichuan, China. METHODS: All data were self-reported online by volunteers. We described the epidemic by characterizing the infection, symptoms, clinical duration, severity, spatiotemporal clustering, and dynamic features of the disease. Prevalence ratio (PR), Odds ratios (ORs) and adjusted ORs were calculated to analyze the associations between risk factors and infection and the associations of risk factors with clinical severity using log-binomial and multivariable logistic regression models; 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and Wald test results were reported. The prevalence rates and clinical severity among different subgroups were compared using the Chi-square and trend Chi-square tests. RESULTS: Between January 6 and 12, 2023, 138,073 volunteers were enrolled in this survey, and 102,645 were infected with COVID-19, holding a prevalence rate of 74.34%; the proportion of asymptomatic infections was 1.58%. Log-binomial regression revealed that the risk of infection increased among those living in urban areas. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that female sex, chronic diseases, older age and the fewer doses of vaccine received were associated with an increased risk of severe clinical outcomes after infection. We estimated the mean reproduction number during this pandemic was 1.83. The highest time-dependent reproduction number was 4.15; this number decreased below 1 after 11 days from December 7, 2022. Temporal trends revealed a single peak curve with a plateau pattern of incidence during the outbreak, whereas spatiotemporal clustering analysis showed that the onset in 21 cities in the Sichuan province had four-wave peaks. CONCLUSIONS: The peak of the first wave of Omicron infection in Sichuan Province had passed and could be considered a snapshot of China under the new control strategy. There were significant increases in the risk of severe clinical outcomes after infection among females, with chronic diseases, and the elderly. The vaccines have been effective in reducing poor clinical outcomes.

Development and Prospect of Vacuum High-Pressure Gas Quenching Technology.

As industrial modernization surges forward, the heat treatment industry strives for lower pollution, reduced oxidation and defects, minimized waste, and automatization. This paper reviews the mechanisms, processes, equipment, and simulations of the vacuum gas quenching technology, presenting a comprehensive account of the structure and working principle of a typical vacuum gas quenching furnace. Firstly, the mechanism of the heat transfer process, flow process, and flow-heat transfer-phase transition coupling were summarized. Then, the influences of process parameters on the mechanical properties and distortion of vacuum gas quenched workpieces, as well as the process optimization methods, were discussed. Finally, the advantages of vacuum gas quenching in energy saving, low pollution, and high efficiency were introduced, with the future development directions figured out.

Sex-Specific Contribution of Cardiometabolic Index in Predicting Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease: Insights from a General Population.

Background and Objective: Evidence suggests that cardiometabolic index (CMI) has been identified as a novel obesity-related index associated with diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. Current evidence suggests that the differences in sex hormones and regional fat distribution in both sexes are directly correlated with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) risk. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of CMI in MAFLD in both sexes. Methods: This retrospective study included 6107 subjects who underwent annual health check-ups from March 2021 to January 2022. CMI was calculated by multiplying the ratio of triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) by waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). Multivariable logistic regression analysis and restricted cubic spline were used to investigate the association of CMI and MAFLD risk. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was conducted for the exploration of the diagnostic accuracies of obesity-related indicators. Areas under the curves (AUCs) with 95% CIs were calculated. Results: Prevalence of MAFLD increased with elevated quartiles of CMI in both sexes. The median (IQR) age was 46.00 (18.00) years. Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that higher CMI was independently associated with MAFLD, in which every additional standard deviation (SD) of CMI increased the risk of MAFLD (OR=2.72, 95% CI:2.35-3.15 for males; OR=3.26, 95% CI:2.36-4.51 for females). Subjects in the fourth quartile of CMI had the highest odds of MAFLD for males (OR=15.82, 95% CI:11.84-21.14) and females (OR=22.60, 95% CI:9.52-53.65)(all P for trend<0.001). Besides, CMI had a non-linearity association with MAFLD (all P for non-linearity<0.001). Furthermore, CMI exhibited the largest AUC compared to other obesity-related indexes in terms of discriminating MAFLD in males (AUC=0.796, 95% CI:0.782-0.810) and females (AUC=0.853, 95% CI:0.834-0.872). Conclusion: CMI was a convenient indicator for the screening of MAFLD among Chinese adults. Females with high CMI had a better diagnostic value for MAFLD than males.

Rare synchronous colorectal carcinoma with three pathological subtypes: A case report and review of the literature.

BACKGROUND: Synchronous colorectal carcinomas (SCRC) are two or more primary colorectal carcinomas identified simultaneously or within 6 mo of the initial presentation in a single patient. Their incidence is low and the number of pathological types of SCRC is usually no more than two. It is very unusual that the pathological findings of a patient with SCRC show more than two different pathological subtypes. Here, we report a rare case of SCRC with three pathological subtypes. CASE SUMMARY: A 75-year-old woman who had no previous medical history or family history was admitted to the hospital because of intermittent hematochezia for more than a month. Colonoscopy displayed an irregularly shaped neoplasm of the rectum, a tumor-like lesion causing intestinal stenosis in the descending colon, and a polypoidal neoplasm in the ileocecum. Subsequently, she underwent total colectomy, abdominoperineal resection for rectal cancer, and ileostomy. After operation, the pathological report showed three pathological subtypes including well-differentiated adenocarcinoma of the ascending colon, moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma of the descending colon, and mucinous adenocarcinoma of the rectum. She is now recovering well and continues to be closely monitored during follow-up. CONCLUSION: Preoperative colonoscopy examination, imaging examination, and extensive intraoperative exploration play important roles in reducing the number of missed lesions.

The unmet needs of patients in the early rehabilitation stage after lung cancer surgery: a qualitative study based on Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to explore the unmet needs of lung cancer patients in early rehabilitation, based on Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory. METHODS: Information on the experiences of 20 patients was collected through semi-structured interviews. The interviews were conducted in the surgical nursing clinic within 1 week of discharge from hospital. The data were analysed using a combination of deductive (theory-driven) and inductive (data-driven) methods, using Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs as a framework for identifying and organising themes. RESULTS: Patients had a mean age of 50.92 years (SD 11.88); n = 11 (55%) were female. Major themes aligned with the dimensions of Maslow's hierarchy of needs model. Five major themes with 12 corresponding sub-themes emerged: (1) physiological needs, including "self-care and independence in life", "return to pre-operative status as soon as possible", "increase exercise under specialist guidance" and "reduce cough and pain and improve sleep quality"; (2) safety and security needs, such as "symptom management", "regulation of the emotions of worry and fear" and "access accurate treatment information"; (3) love and belonging needs, including "accompany family members" and "chat with friends";(4)Esteem needs: "live with dignity";(5) Self-actualization, such as "accept and submit to the reality of cancer" and "live meaningfully". CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study indicated that there were many unmet needs for patients during the early recovery period after lung cancer surgery. An overview of the different areas of need identified in this study may guide future research and development of interventions to improve patients' quality of life during the home rehabilitation phase.

Classic biphasic pulmonary blastoma: A case report and review of the literature from 2000 to 2022.

Classic biphasic pulmonary blastoma (CBPB), a distinct type of lung cancer, is a dual-phasic tumor characterized by the co-existence of low-grade fetal adenocarcinoma and primitive mesenchymal stroma. Accounting for less than 0.1% of surgically removed lung cancers, CBPB commonly presents in individuals during their fourth to fifth decades of life, with smoking as a significant risk factor. The optimal management strategy entails surgical resection, supplemented by chemotherapy to improve prognosis. The frontline chemotherapeutic agents typically include platinum agents and etoposide, with preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy potentially enabling operability for initially inoperable cases. In recent years, targeted therapies, such as antiangiogenic agents, have emerged as promising new treatment strategies for CBPB. For patients exhibiting brain metastases or deemed inoperable, radiation therapy proves to be a crucial therapeutic component. CBPB prognosis is adversely affected by factors such as early metastasis, tumor size exceeding 5 cm, and tumor recurrence. In this regard, serological markers have been identified as valuable prognostic indicators. To exemplify, we recount the case of a 44-year-old female patient with CBPB, wherein serum lactate dehydrogenase levels showed significant diagnostic value. This report further incorporates a comprehensive review of CBPB literature from the past 22 years.

Long noncoding RNA XLOC_006786 inhibits the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of osteosarcoma cells through NOTCH3 signaling pathway by targeting miR-491-5p.

Recent research has indicated that Long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs) are crucial in many disorders, especially tumors. However, the exact role of LncRNA XLOC_006786 (LncRNA-SPIDR-2:1) in malignancies, especially in human osteosarcoma, is unclear. The results of RT‒qPCR, western blotting, CCK-8 assays, and Transwell assays showed that LncRNA XLOC_006786 inhibited osteosarcoma cell proliferation, invasion, and migration, indicating that it may be a tumor suppressor gene in osteosarcoma. We found that LncRNA XLOC_006786 negatively regulated NOTCH3, which is an oncogenic gene in osteosarcoma, as we previously reported. Bioinformatics analysis showed that miR-491-5p may be a direct target of LncRNA XLOC_006786, while NOTCH3 is a key target of miR-491-5p. Then, we verified that LncRNA XLOC_006786 could prevent lung metastatic osteosarcoma in vivo. Taken together, our research showed that LncRNA XLOC_006786 suppresses osteosarcoma proliferation, invasion, and metastasis through the NOTCH3 signaling pathway by targeting miR-491-5p.

Status and factors associated with patient activation and its relationship with HIV clinic outcomes among Yi minority people living with HIV in Liangshan, China: a cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Patient activation is determined by an individual's knowledge, skills and confidence in managing his/her health. It is vital for people living with HIV (PLWH) to enhance their self-management skills and health outcomes, especially those from low- and middle-income regions, since they are at higher risk of worse health outcomes. However, literature from those regions is limited, especially in China. Objectives: This study aimed to explore the status and factors associated with patient activation among Yi minority PLWH in Liangshan, China and to determine whether patient activation is associated with HIV clinic outcomes. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 403 Yi minority people living with HIV in Liangshan between September and October 2021. All participants completed an anonymous survey measuring sociodemographic characteristics, HIV-related information, patient activation and illness perception. Multivariate linear regression and multivariate binary logistic regression were used to explore factors associated with patient activation and the association between patient activation and HIV outcomes, respectively. Results: The Patient Activation Measure (PAM) score was low (mean = 29.8, standard deviation = 4.1). Participants with negative illness perception, low income, and self-rated antiretroviral therapy (ART) effect based on self-perception were most likely to have a lower PAM score (ß = -0.3, -0.2, -0.1, respectively; all p < 0.05); those with having disease knowledge learning experiences and an HIV-positive spouse were more likely to have a higher PAM score (ß = 0.2, 0.2, respectively; both p < 0.001). A higher PAM score (AOR=1.08, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.14) was associated with viral suppression, mediated by gender (AOR=2.25, 95% CI: 1.38, 3.69). Conclusion: Low patient activation level among Yi minority PLWH impacts HIV care. Our findings indicate patient activation is associated with viral suppression for minority PLWH in low- and middle-income settings, suggesting that tailored interventions enhancing patient activation may improve viral suppression.

GLI1-altered Mesenchymal Tumor Involving the Duodenum: Case Report and Literature Review.

GLI1-altered mesenchymal tumor is an emerging entity with distinctive clinicopathologic features. It shows a distinctive monomorphic round to epithelioid morphology, nested to trabecular pattern of growth, and S100+/SOX10-/SMA-immunophenotype. We report an example of this entity arising in the duodenum. A 31-year-old man presented with anemia for 1 year, a mass in the duodenal bulb was found for 9 days. Histopathologic examination revealed the tumor with distinct multilobulated architecture, a monomorphic appearance of round to epithelioid cells arranged in papillary structures, nests, cords, solid, reticular patterns, and hyalinized stroma surrounding a rich capillary network. The neoplastic cells had amphophilic to light eosinophilic or clear cytoplasm, uniform round nuclei with fine chromatin and inconspicuous nucleoli. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed strong positivity for vimentin, S100, CD56, CyclinD1, and negativity for SOX10, SMA, melan-A, HMB-45, synaptophysin, and a variety of other markers. Based on the morphology and immunophenotype, molecular studies were performed, which revealed the presence of an ACTB::GLI1 fusion transcript, confirming the diagnosis of GLI1-altered mesenchymal tumor.

Erdheim-Chester Disease Involving the Left Uterine Adnexa: Mimicking an Ovarian Carcinoma Clinically.

Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a rare non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) that results in multiorgan disease involving the skin, bones, lungs, and kidneys. Female reproductive system manifestation of ECD was rare. Herein, we report a case of ECD involving the left ovary and fallopian tube. A 69-year-old woman presented with abdominal pain for 20 days. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a solid and cystic mass on the left pelvic cavity. Histological examination revealed ovarian and fallopian tube infiltration by abundant histiocytes, with single small nuclei and foamy cytoplasm, reactive small lymphocytes, and plasma cells. Based on histopathological and immunohistochemical findings of positivity for CD68, CD163, and BRAF V600E and negativity for CD1α and S100, the molecular finding of BRAF V600E mutation, the patient was diagnosed with ECD. Positron emission tomography examination did not reveal any other lesions. The patient recovered well 12 months after surgery without any treatment. ECD involving the left fallopian tube and ovary was rare and needed to be differentiated from LCH, Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD), juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG), IgG4+-related disease (IgG4+RD), and metastatic signet ring cell carcinoma.

Gut microbiota alters host bile acid metabolism to contribute to intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy.

Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is a female pregnancy-specific disorder that is characterized by increased serum bile acid and adverse fetal outcomes. The aetiology and mechanism of ICP are poorly understood; thus, existing therapies have been largely empiric. Here we show that the gut microbiome differed significantly between individuals with ICP and healthy pregnant women, and that colonization with gut microbiome from ICP patients was sufficient to induce cholestasis in mice. The gut microbiomes of ICP patients were primarily characterized by Bacteroides fragilis (B. fragilis), and B. fragilis was able to promote ICP by inhibiting FXR signaling via its BSH activity to modulate bile acid metabolism. B. fragilis-mediated FXR signaling inhibition was responsible for excessive bile acid synthesis and interrupted hepatic bile excretion to ultimately promote the initiation of ICP. We propose that modulation of the gut microbiota-bile acid-FXR axis may be of value for ICP treatment.

A nomogram prediction model for lymph node metastasis risk after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer patients based on SEER database.

Background: Rectal cancer patients who received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) may have a lower cancer stage and a better prognosis. Some patients may be able to avoid invasive surgery. It is critical to accurately assess lymph node metastases (LNM) after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. The goal of this study is to identify clinical variables associated with LNM and to develop a nomogram for LNM prediction in rectal cancer patients following nCRT. Methods: From 2010 to 2015, patients were drawn from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. To identify clinical factors associated with LNM, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) aggression and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used. To predict the likelihood of LNM, a nomogram based on multivariate logistic regression was created using decision curve analyses. Reslut: The total number of patients included in this study was 6,388. The proportion of patients with pCR was 17.50% (n=1118), and the proportion of patients with primary tumor pCR was 20.84% (n = 1,331). The primary tumor was pCR in 16.00% (n=213) of the patients. Age, clinical T stage, clinical N stage, and histology were found to be significant independent clinical predictors of LNM using LASSO and multivariate logistic regression analysis. The nomogram was developed based on four clinical factors. The 5-year overall survival rate was 78.9 percent for those with ypN- and 66.3 percent for those with ypN+, respectively (P<0.001). Conclusion: Patients over 60 years old, with clinical T1-2, clinical N0, and adenocarcinoma may be more likely to achieve ypN0. The watch-and-wait (WW) strategy may be considered. Patients who had ypN0 or pCR had a better prognosis.

High aspect ratio plasmonic Au/Ag nanorods-mediated NIR-II photothermally enhanced nanozyme catalytic cancer therapy.

Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) is based on the endogenous generation of cytotoxic hydroxyl free radicals (·OH) with high specificity and selectivity between cancer and normal cells. However, its efficacy is often limited by the relatively deficient catalytic activity of nanozymes in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Therefore, the combination of CDT with other strategy to realize synergistic therapy is necessary. Herein, a versatile plasmonic Au/Ag nanorods (abbreviated as Au/Ag NRs) via anisotropic Ag overgrowth on Au nanobipyramids was rationally devised to achieve synergistic nanozyme catalytic therapy and near infrared II (NIR-II) light induced photothermal therapy (PTT) with the guidance of computed tomography (CT) imaging. As TME contains high concentrations of H+ and H2O2, Au/Ag NRs exhibited peroxidase (POD) activity to catalyze H2O2 to produce ·OH, inducing cancer cell death. Meanwhile, Au/Ag NRs showed a preeminent NIR-II photothermal effect. More importantly, the enhanced ·OH generation by in-situ heating up resulting from PTT could conversely inhibit the expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) to abate their resistance to PTT, realizing self-augmented synergistic effect. The NIR-II photothermally enhanced nanozyme catalytic cancer therapy validly inhibited the cancer proliferation, as demonstrated via both cell and animal assays. Moreover, ideal high-contrast CT imaging was realized, owing to the X-ray attenuation capability of elemental Au. The multifunctional Au/Ag NRs hold potential in oncotherapy with imaging capability, high efficiency and low side effects.

Optimizing Large-Scale COVID-19 Nucleic Acid Testing with a Dynamic Testing Site Deployment Strategy.

The COVID-19 epidemic has spread worldwide, infected more than 0.6 billion people, and led to about 6 million deaths. Conducting large-scale COVID-19 nucleic acid testing is an effective measure to cut off the transmission chain of the COVID-19 epidemic, but it calls for deploying numerous nucleic acid testing sites effectively. In this study, we aim to optimize the large-scale nucleic acid testing with a dynamic testing site deployment strategy, and we propose a multiperiod location-allocation model, which explicitly considers the spatial-temporal distribution of the testing population and the time-varied availability of various testing resources. Several comparison models, which implement static site deployment strategies, are also developed to show the benefits of our proposed model. The effectiveness and benefits of our model are verified with a real-world case study on the Chenghua district of Chengdu, China, which indicates that the optimal total cost of the dynamic site deployment strategy can be 15% less than that of a real plan implemented in practice and about 2% less than those of the other comparison strategies. Moreover, we conduct sensitivity analysis to obtain managerial insights and suggestions for better testing site deployment in field practices. This study highlights the importance of dynamically deploying testing sites based on the target population's spatial-temporal distribution, which can help reduce the testing cost and increase the robustness of producing feasible plans with limited medical resources.

Pyro-Phototronic Effect Enhanced Pyramid Structured p-Si/n-ZnO Nanowires Heterojunction Photodetector.

The emergence of nanomaterials has brought about the development of miniature photodetectors into a new stage, and ZnO nanomaterials are currently one of the most popular research objects. Here, the performance of a photodetector consisting of micropyramid structured p-Si/n-ZnO NWs heterojunction constructed by an anisotropic chemical etching and hydrothermal method is optimized by using the pyro-phototronic effect, and the photoresponses of the device to 405 and 648 nm lasers are investigated. The results show that, with the introduction of pyro-phototronic effect, the photoresponsivity Rpyro increases to 208 times that of Rphoto when the wavelength is 405 nm and the optical power density is 0.0693 mW/cm2. Moreover, with the increase of the chopper frequency, the photocurrent increases by more than 3 times, and the photoresponsivity is also increased by a factor of 4.5, making it possible to detect ultrafast pulsed light. In addition, in order to increase the current collection efficiency, a thin film Al layer was deposited as the back electrode on the basis of the device, and the photocurrent and photoresponsivity are significantly improved. Finally, the coupling between the pyro-phototronic effect and the piezo-phototronic effect is analyzed by applying compressive strain to the photodetector. When the compressive strain is -1.02%, the photocurrent decreases by 31.4% and the photoresponsivity decreases by 27.9% due to the opposite direction between laser illumination induced pyroelectric polarization charges and compressive strain induced piezoelectric polarization charges. This work not only demonstrates the great potential of pyro-phototronic effect in enhancing the silicon-based heterojunction photodetectors for high-performance photodetection and ultrafast pulsed light detection but also provides assistance for a better understanding of the coupling mechanism between pyro-phototronic and piezo-phototronic effects.

Differences in Clinical Characteristics and Surgical Outcomes of Patients with Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Pituitary Adenomas.

OBJECTIVE: Ischemia and hemorrhage of pituitary adenomas (PA) caused important clinical syndrome. However, the differences on clinical characteristics and surgical outcomes between these two kinds apoplexy were less reported. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was made of patients with pituitary apoplexy between January 2013 and June 2018. Baseline and clinical characteristics before surgery were reviewed. All patients underwent transsphenoidal surgery and were followed up at least 1 year. RESULTS: Total 67 cases (5.8%) among 1147 pituitary tumor patients were enrolled, which consisted of 28 (~2.4%) ischemic PA and 39 (~3.4%) hemorrhagic PA. There were more male patients in the ischemic group compared with hemorrhagic group (78.6% vs 53.8%, p=0.043). However, the mean age, tumor size and functional tumor ratio were significant higher in the hemorrhagic group. Headache was more common in ischemic PA (82.1%) than that of hemorrhagic PA (51.3%, p=0.011). Magnetic resonance imaging findings found that mucosal thickening and enhancement of the sphenoid sinus was observed in 15 ischemic PA patients (n=27, 55.6%), but none in patients with hemorrhagic PA (n=38, p<0.0001). It was worth noting that the rate of pre-surgical hypopituitarism in ischemic PA patients were seemed higher than that in hemorrhagic PA patients, but not significant. The two groups got a total tumor resection rate at 94.1% and 92.9%, independently. No significant difference on the operative time, blood loss in operation and complications in perioperative period was observed in two groups. After operation, cranial nerve symptoms recovered to normal at 81.8% of ischemic PA patients and 82.6% of hemorrhagic PA patients. Importantly, the incidence of postoperative hypopituitarism partially decreased in both groups, among which the rate of hypothyroidism in ischemic PA patients significantly decreased from 46.4% to 18.5% (p=0.044). CONCLUSION: Patients with ischemic PA presented different clinical characteristics to the hemorrhagic ones. Transsphenoidal surgery should be considered for the patients with neuro-ophthalmic deficits and might benefit for pituitary function recovery of the apoplectic adenoma patients, especially pituitary thyroid axis in ischemic PA patients.

Mechanical Properties and Fracture Behavior of a TC4 Titanium Alloy Sheet.

TC4 titanium alloy has excellent comprehensive properties. Due to its light weight, high specific strength, and good corrosion resistance, it is widely used in aerospace, military defense, and other fields. Given that titanium alloy components are often fractured by impact loads during service, studying the fracture behavior and damage mechanism of TC4 titanium alloy is of great significance. In this study, the Johnson-Cook failure model parameters of TC4 titanium alloy were obtained via tensile tests at room temperature. The mechanical behavior of TC4 titanium alloy during the tensile process was determined by simulating the sheet tensile process with the finite element software ABAQUS. The macroscopic and microscopic morphologies of tensile fracture were analyzed to study the deformation mechanism of the TC4 titanium alloy sheet. The results provide a theoretical basis for predicting the fracture behavior of TC4 titanium alloy under tensile stress.

A Review of the Intelligent Optimization and Decision in Plastic Forming.

The plastic forming process involves many influencing factors and has some inevitable disturbance factors, rendering the multi-objective collaborative optimization difficult. With the rapid development of big data and artificial intelligence (AI) technology, intelligent process optimization has become one of the critical technologies for plastic forming. This paper elaborated on the research progress on the intelligent optimization of plastic forming and the data-driven process planning and decision-making system in plastic forming process optimization. The development trend in intelligent optimization of the plastic forming process was researched. This review showed that the intelligent optimization algorithm has great potential in controlling forming quality, microstructure, and performance in plastic forming. It is a general trend to develop an intelligent optimization model of the plastic forming process with high integration, versatility, and high performance. Future research will take the data-driven expert system and digital twin system as the carrier, integrate the optimization algorithm and model, and realize the multi-scale, high-precision, high-efficiency, and real-time optimization of the plastic forming process.

Design, preparation and pharmacodynamics of ICG-Fe(â ¢) based HCPT nanocrystals against cancer.

The use of nanocrystal technology to manufacture drug delivery systems intended to enhance therapeutic efficacy has attracted the attention of the pharmaceutical industry. However, the clinical application of nanocrystal drugs for injection is restricted by Ostwald ripening and the large-scale use of stabilizers such as polysorbate and lecithin, which have potential toxicity risks including hemolysis and allergies. Here, we designed an amorphous nanocrystal drug complex (IHNC), which is stabilizer-free and composed of indocyanine green (ICG) framework loading with a chemotherapeutic agent of 10-hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT). Considering the possibility of industrial manufacturing, IHNC was simply prepared with the assistance of ferric ion (III) via supramolecular assembly strategy. The theoretical result of Materials Studio simulation indicated that the prepared ICG-Fe(III) framework showed a stable spherical structure with the appropriate cavity for encapsulating the two drugs of HCPT and ICG with equal mass ratio. The IHNC was stable at physiological pH, with excellent PTT/PDT efficacy, and in vivo probing characteristics. The nanoscale size and reductive stimuli-responsiveness can be conducive to drug accumulation into the tumor site and rapid unloading of cargo. Moreover, such combination therapy showed synergistic photo/chemotherapy effect against 4T1 breast cancer and its tumor inhibition rate even up to 79.4%. These findings demonstrated that the nanocrystal drug delivery strategy could avoid the use of stabilizers and provide a new strategy for drug delivery for combination therapy.