ABSTRACT
Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy could improve the life quality of patients with breast cancer but also bring side effects and cause adverse reactions. Yiqi Yangyin decoction has been reported to possess anti-cancer activity and has been employed in the postoperative treatment of various cancers. A total of 128 patients with breast cancer who received surgical therapy were enrolled in this study and were randomly grouped as the control and the test group to receive different therapies. Patients in the control group received single chemotherapy of fluorouracil and hydrochloride, while the therapy of the test group patients supplemented Yiqi Yangyin decoction based on the control group. Both two therapeutic strategies improved life quality and TCM syndrome scores of enrolled patients, and the supplement of Yiqi Yangyin decoction significantly improved the therapeutic effect. Adverse reactions including nausea, vomiting, thrombocytopenia, diarrhea, leukopenia, and hemoglobinia occurred in both two groups, but the application of Yiqi Yangyin decoction significantly alleviated adverse reactions. Additionally, patients in the test group showed a better 1-year disease-free survival. The combination of adjuvant chemotherapy with Yiqi Yangyin decoction could improve postoperative life quality, improve therapeutic efficacy, and reduce adverse reactions in patients with breast cancer.
ABSTRACT
Cytidine 5'-monophosphate (CMP) was widely applied in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Currently, CMP is mainly produced by enzyme catalysis. However, the starting materials for enzyme catalysis were relatively expensive. Therefore, seeking a low-cost production process for CMP was attractive. In this study, Escherichia coli (E. coli) was systematically modified to produce CMP. First, a the cytidine-producing strain was constructed by deleting cdd, rihA, rihB, and rihC. Second, the genes involved in the pyrimidine precursor competing pathway and negative regulation were deleted to increase cyti dine biosynthesis. Third, the deletion of the genes that caused the loss of CMP phosphatase activity led to the accumulation of CMP, and the overexpression of the rate-limiting step genes and feedback inhibition resistance genes greatly increased the yield of CMP. The yield of CMP was further increased to 1013.6 mg/L by blocking CMP phosphorylation. Ultimately, the yield of CMP reached 15.3 g/L in a 50 L bioreactor. Overall, the engineered E. coli with a high yield of CMP was successfully constructed and showed the potential for industrial production.
