A comparative study of three internal fixation techniques for comminuted fractures of humeral greater tuberosity / 中华创伤骨科杂志

Objective:To compare the clinical outcomes between anatomical locking plate, proximal humerus internal locking system (PHILOS) and anatomical locking plate combined with suture anchors in the treatment of comminuted fractures of humeral greater tuberosity.Methods:A total of 33 comminuted fractures of humeral greater tuberosity were surgically treated from October 2016 to October 2021 at Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University. There were 20 males and 13 females, with an age of (53.5±13.6) years. They were assigned into 3 groups according to different internal fixation techniques. Group A of 12 cases was subjected to fixation with anatomical locking plate via the deltoid approach, group B of 10 cases subjected to fixation with PHILOS via the pectoralis major and the deltoid approaches and group C of 11 cases subjected to fixation with anatomical locking plate combined with suture anchors via the deltoid approach. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, range of shoulder motion, Constant-Murley shoulder score, visual analogue scale (VAS) and postoperative complications were compared between the 3 groups.Results:The 3 groups were comparable because there was no significant difference between them in the general clinical data ( P>0.05). The follow-up duration for all patients was (14.5±4.1) months. All fractures got united at the last follow-up. In groups A, B and C, respectively, the operation time was (57.9±7.8), (73.0±7.1) and (63.6±9.5) min, and the intraoperative blood loss (41.7±18.9), (82.0±22.9) and (46.4±13.6) mL, showing significant differences between the 3 groups ( P<0.05). The operation time and intraoperative blood loss in groups A and C were significantly less than those in group B ( P< 0.05). At the last follow-up, in groups A, B and C, respectively, the shoulder abduction was 144.0°±7.7°, 138.7°±10.7° and 148.5°±6.2°, showing significant differences between the 3 groups ( P<0.05). Group C was significantly better than group B ( P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the forward flexion, external rotation, or internal rotation of the shoulder joint between the 3 groups ( P>0.05). The Constant-Murley scores in groups A, B and C, respectively, were (90.4±5.7), (86.1±6.6) and (93.1±3.4) points, showing significant differences between the 3 groups ( P<0.05). Group C was significantly better than group B ( P<0.05). The VAS scores in groups A, B and C, respectively, were 1 (0, 2), 1 (0, 2), and 1 (0, 1) point, showing insignificant differences between the 3 groups ( P>0.05). Group A had 1 case of shoulder joint stiffness and 1 case of fracture re-displacement complicated with acromial impingement syndrome, group B 1 case of shoulder joint stiffness and 3 cases of fracture re-displacement, but group C no post-operative complication. Conclusions:In the treatment of comminuted fracture of humeral greater tuberosity, all the 3 internal fixation techniques can lead to fine clinical outcomes. Conventional PHILOS may lead to relatively large trauma and a high incidence of postoperative complications. The anatomical locking plate may result in fine functional recovery of the shoulder due to advantages of less invasion, shorter operation time and fewer postoperative complications than PHILOS. The anatomical locking plate combined with suture anchors may lead to the best shoulder functional recovery and the least complications.

Research progress on clinical and mechanisms of chronic pruritus with anxiety and depression / 中华预防医学杂志

Chronic pruritus seriously affects the quality of life of patients, which is closely related to stress, anxiety and depression. Prolonged and repeated pruritus can induce negative emotions such as anxiety and depression, while continued increased negative emotions can also promote exacerbation of pruritus, which drives the itch scratch cycle, thereby further aggravating skin damage. More and more studies have explored the mechanism of pruritus, anxiety and depression. This article mainly reviews the clinical relationship between pruritus and anxiety, depression and the new progress of its possible mechanism, providing reference for the prevention, control and effective treatment of chronic pruritus, anxiety and depression.

Characterizing seasonal transitions: Breeding-like morphology and behavior during the late non-breeding season in green anole lizards.

Seasonally breeding animals, such as green anole lizards (Anolis carolinensis), allow for the examination of the control of reproduction during different reproductive states. During the breeding season, the gonads are large and reproductively active. Following the breeding season, gonads regress and become less active, and the lizards enter a refractory period where breeding is inhibited. After this stage, a post-refractory period occurs during which the lizards are still in a non-breeding state, but environmental changes can trigger the onset of breeding. However, it is unclear what causes these changes in reproductive state and we hypothesized that this may be due to alterations in gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) signaling. The present study aimed to identify morphological and behavioral differences in GnRH- and saline-injected refractory and post-refractory male anoles when housed under the same non-breeding environmental conditions. We found that post-refractory anoles had increased testicular weight, recrudescence, sperm presence, and reproductive behavior, with no impact of GnRH injection. Renal sex segment size and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) mRNA levels did not differ among groups, indicating that testosterone levels likely had not increased in post-refractory lizards. Post-refractory anoles in this study were beginning to transition towards a breeding state without exposure to changing environmental conditions, and GnRH was not necessary for these changes. These data reveal a complex interaction between the activation of breeding, changing environmental conditions, and the underlying physiology regulating reproduction in seasonally breeding lizards. Future studies are needed to further elucidate the mechanisms that regulate this relationship.

Investigation on anti-hepatitis B virus active components and mechanism of Salvia miltiorrhiza based on network pharmacology / 药学学报

We predicted the anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) active components and mechanism of Salvia miltiorrhiza based on network pharmacology. The active components of S. miltiorrhiza were obtained through TCMSP, PubChem database and literature research. The potential targets of the active components and HBV infection were predicted by SwissTargetPrediction and GeneCards databases, respectively. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed by String database. Cytoscape software was adopted to construct a visual network of active component-disease target and perform topological analysis. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed using DAVID platform. The molecular docking of key components and core targets was carried out by AutoDock Vina software. We screened out a total of 38 active components and 178 disease-component overlapping targets. Enrichment analyses obtained 405 related GO items and 68 signaling pathways, such as T/B cell receptor signaling pathways, PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, and mTOR signaling pathway. According to the results of molecular docking, most characteristic components of S. miltiorrhiza (miltionone Ⅱ, miltirone, protocatechuic acid, lithospermic acid, protocatechualdehyde) showed good affinity with the key targets (PIK3CA, APP, STAT3,AKT1 and mTOR). Furthermore, the anti-HBV activity of lithospermic acid, the representative active component of S. miltiorrhiza, and its regulation on PI3K/AKT and mTOR signaling pathways were investigated in an HBV replicating mouse model. Animal welfare and experimental procedures follow the regulations of the Animal Ethics and Welfare Committee of Hubei University. The results showed that lithospermic acid significantly inhibited HBV DNA replication, reduced serum HBsAg and HBeAg levels, and decreased the phosphorylation protein expression levels of AKT and mTOR in liver, indicating that lithospermic acid might exert the anti-HBV activity by regulating PI3K/AKT and mTOR signaling pathways.

Novel MSX1 variants identified in families with nonsyndromic oligodontia / 国际口腔科学杂志·英文版

The goal of this study was to identify MSX1 gene variants in multiple Chinese families with nonsyndromic oligodontia and analyse the functional influence of these variants. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) and Sanger sequencing were performed to identify the causal gene variants in five families with nonsyndromic oligodontia, and a series of bioinformatics databases were used for variant confirmation and functional prediction. Phenotypic characterization of the members of these families was described, and an in vitro analysis was performed for functional evaluation. Five novel MSX1 heterozygous variants were identified: three missense variants [c.662A>C (p.Q221P), c.670C>T (p.R224C), and c.809C>T (p.S270L)], one nonsense variant [c.364G>T (p.G122*)], and one frameshift variant [c.277delG (p.A93Rfs*67)]. Preliminary in vitro studies demonstrated that the subcellular localization of MSX1 was abnormal with the p.Q221P, p.R224C, p.G122*, and p.A93Rfs*67 variants compared to the wild type. Three variants (p.Q221P, p.G122*, and p.A93Rfs*67) were classified as pathogenic or likely pathogenic, while p.S270L and p.R224C were of uncertain significance in the current data. Moreover, we summarized and analysed the MSX1-related tooth agenesis positions and found that the type and variant locus were not related to the severity of tooth loss. Our results expand the variant spectrum of nonsyndromic oligodontia and provide valuable information for genetic counselling.

Association Between Serum IgG Concentrations and Prognosis in IgA Nephropathy.

INTRODUCTION: To investigate the relationship between serum IgG (sIgG) concentration and the prognosis of IgA nephropathy (IgAN). METHODS: A total of 309 patients with biopsy-proven IgAN in the Second Referral Hospital of Shenzhen were enrolled between 2010/01 and 2017/06. Patients were divided into 3 groups on the basis of sIgG tertiles: < 8.99 g/L (Group G1), 8.99 to 11.17 g/L (Group G2), and > 11.17 g/L (Group G3). RESULTS: As the level of sIgG increased, there was a decrease in DBP, serum creatinine, 24h urine proteinuria and an increase in serum albumin (all P < .05). In terms of pathological manifestations, with increasing sIgG levels, there was a tendency of decline in the Lee's grading system or high-grade tubular atrophy/interstitial fibrosis or in the proportion of glomerular sclerosis and the ratio of crescent (all P < .05). Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that the cumulative renal survivals rates were significantly higher in patients with elevated sIgG (P < .05). Cox regression analysis showed that after adjusting for gender, age, BMI, and clinical indicators (BP, 24h urine proteinuria, eGFR, M, E, S, T, and the ratio of crescent), decreased sIgG level at the time of renal biopsy is an independent risk factor for unfavorable outcomes in IgAN. Furthmore, every 1 g/L decrease in sIgG level was associated with a 1.74-fold (95% CI: 1.30 to 5.38) increased risk of the incidence of composite renal outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Decreased serum IgG level at baseline might be a kind of predictive marker for the poor prognosis of IgAN.

Single-Molecule Sensing of Interfacial Acid-Base Chemistry.

Bronsted acid and base interactions are a cornerstone of chemistry describing a wide range of chemical phenomena. However, probing such interaction at the solid-liquid interface to extract the elementary and intrinsic information at a single-molecule level remains a big challenge. Herein, we employ an STM break junction (STM-BJ) technique to investigate the acid-base chemistry of carboxylic acid-based molecules at a Au (111) model surface and propose a prototype of a single-molecule pH sensor for the first time. The single-molecule measurements in different environmental conditions verify that the formation probability of molecular junctions is determined by the populations of deprotonated -COO- form in a self-assembled monolayer. Furthermore, the variation of the intensity of the conductance peaks (i.e., junction-forming probability) with the pH of the bulk solution fits well to the Henderson-Hasselbalch type equation. From the equation, a good linear relation is found between the degree of dissociation of the immobilized -COOH group and the environmental pH, providing a feasible way to design chemicals and biosensors and a detector at the single-molecule scale.

A Digital Protein Microarray for COVID-19 Cytokine Storm Monitoring

Despite widespread concern for cytokine storms leading to severe morbidity in COVID-19, rapid cytokine assays are not routinely available for monitoring critically ill patients. We report the clinical application of a machine learning-based digital protein microarray platform for rapid multiplex quantification of cytokines from critically ill COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) at the University of Michigan Hospital. The platform comprises two low-cost modules: (i) a semi-automated fluidic dispensing/mixing module that can be operated inside a biosafety cabinet to minimize the exposure of technician to the virus infection and (ii) a 12-12-15 inch compact fluorescence optical scanner for the potential near-bedside readout. The platform enabled daily cytokine analysis in clinical practice with high sensitivity (<0.4pg/mL), inter-assay repeatability ([~]10% CV), and near-real-time operation with a 10min assay incubation. A cytokine profiling test with the platform allowed us to observe clear interleukin -6 (IL-6) elevations after receiving tocilizumab (IL-6 inhibitor) while significant cytokine profile variability exists across all critically ill COVID-19 patients and to discover a weak correlation between IL-6 to clinical biomarkers, such as Ferritin and CRP. Our data revealed large subject-to-subject variability in a patients response to anti-inflammatory treatment for COVID-19, reaffirming the need for a personalized strategy guided by rapid cytokine assays.

Controlling Contact Configuration of Carboxylic Acid-Based Molecular Junctions Through Side Group.

In this paper, the contact configuration of single molecular junction is controlled through side group, which is explored by electrochemical jump-to-contact STM break junction. The conductance values of 2-methoxy-1,3-benzenedicarboxylic acid (2-M-1,3-BDC) is around 10-3.65 G0, which is different from that of 5-methoxy-1,3-benzenedicarboxylic acid (5-M-1,3-BDC) with 10-3.20 G0. Interestingly, the conductance value of 2-M-1,3-BDC is the same as that of 1,3-benzenedicarboxaldehyde (1,3-BDCA), while single molecular junctions of 5-M-1,3-BDC and 1,3-benzenedicarboxylic acid (1,3-BDC) give out similar conductance value. Since 1,3-BDCA binds to the Cu electrode through one oxygen atom, the dominated contact configuration for 1,3-BDC is through two oxygen atoms. The different conductance values between 2-M-1,3-BDC and 5-M-1,3-BDC can be attributed to the different contact configurations caused by the position of the side group. The current work provides a feasible way to control the contact configuration between the anchoring group and the electrode, which may be useful in designing future molecular electronics.

Fabrication of Fe3O4@Polydopamine@Bovine Serum Ablumin (BSA) and Fe3O4@Polydopamine-Ag Core-Shell Nanoparticles and Their Catalytic and Antibacterial Properties.

The submicron-sized Fe3O4 particles were synthesized by solvothermal method. Then polydopamine (PDA) was used to modify the surface of Fe3O4 particles. And then the core-shell Fe3O4@PDA@BSA (single layer and multilayer) microspheres were prepared by the layer by layer self-assembly method (SAM). In addition, Ag nanospheres were grafted onto the surface of Fe3O4@PDA particles to obtain Fe3O4@PDA-Ag core-shell nanoparticles using silver mirror reaction. The morphology and component of the obtained core-shell particles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The biocompatibility of the microspheres was researched in vitro by MTT method and its magnetic properties were also evaluated. The results showed that the microsphere has excellent magnetic properties and good biological safety. Then the catalytic performance of Fe3O4@PDA-Ag microspheres for methylene blue (MB) was studied. And the antimicrobial properties of Fe3O4@PDA-Ag microspheres for Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis were also be discussed. The results indicated good catalytic properties and antibacterial properties.

Bioremediation of Hexavalent Chromium Pollution by Sporosarcina saromensis M52 Isolated from Offshore Sediments in Xiamen, China / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Cr(VI) removal from industrial effluents and sediments has attracted the attention of environmental researchers. In the present study, we aimed to isolate bacteria for Cr(VI) bioremediation from sediment samples and to optimize parameters of biodegradation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Strains with the ability to tolerate Cr(VI) were obtained by serial dilution and spread plate methods and characterized by morphology, 16S rDNA identification, and phylogenetic analysis. Cr(VI) was determined using the 1,5-diphenylcarbazide method, and the optimum pH and temperature for degradation were studied using a multiple-factor mixed experimental design. Statistical analysis methods were used to analyze the results.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Fifty-five strains were obtained, and one strain (Sporosarcina saromensis M52; patent application number: 201410819443.3) having the ability to tolerate 500 mg Cr(VI)/L was selected to optimize the degradation conditions. M52 was found be able to efficiently remove 50-200 mg Cr(VI)/L in 24 h, achieving the highest removal efficiency at pH 7.0-8.5 and 35 °C. Moreover, M52 could completely degrade 100 mg Cr(VI)/L at pH 8.0 and 35 °C in 24 h. The mechanism involved in the reduction of Cr(VI) was considered to be bioreduction rather than absorption.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The strong degradation ability of S. saromensis M52 and its advantageous functional characteristics support the potential use of this organism for bioremediation of heavy metal pollution.</p>

Research progress on Chinese materia medica in overcoming EGFR-TKIs acquired drugs resistance through PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway / 中草药

With in-depth study of the pathogenesis of lung cancer and its biological behaviour, molecular targeted therapy, especially the epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) made a breakthrough in non-small cell lung cancer treatment. However, the majority of patients can produce the resistance to EGFR-TKIs after 6 to 12 months treatment, which called acquired drug resistance. PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway plays an important role in the development of non-small cell lung cancer, this pathway in cancer treatment has been widely studied. Chinese materia medica (CMM) in overcoming EGFR-TKIs resistance has a bright future, In this review, we show the developments on CMM in overcoming EGFR-TKIs acquired drugs resistance through PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.

Phylogenetic and Molecular Analysis of an H7N7 Avian Influenza Virus Isolated in East Dongting Lake in 2012 / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>In March 2012, an H7N7 subtype avian influenza virus (AIV) named A/wild goose/Dongting/PC0360/2012 (H7N7) (DT/PC0360) was recovered from a wild goose in East Dongting Lake. We performed whole-genome sequencing of the isolate, and analyzed the phylogenetic and molecular characterization.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>RNA was extracted from environment samples (including fecal samples from wild bird or domestic ducks, and water samples) for detecting the presence of Influenza A Virus targeting Matrix gene, using realtime RT-PCR assay. The positive samples were performed virus isolation with embryonated eggs. The subtype of the isolates were identified by RT-PCR assay with the H1-H16 and N1-N9 primer set. The whole-genome sequencing of isolates were performed. Phylogenetic and molecular characterizations of the eight genes of the isolates were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Our results suggested that all the eight gene segments of DT/PC0360 belonged to the Eurasian gene pool, and the HA gene were belonged to distinct sublineage with H7N9 AIV which caused outbreaks in Mainland China in 2013. The hemagglutinin cleavage site of HA of DT/PC0360 showed characterization of low pathogenic avian influenza virus.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Strengthening the surveillance of AIVs of wild waterfowl and poultry in this region is vital for our knowledge of the ecology and mechanism of transmission to prevent an influenza pandemic.</p>

Treadmill exercise promotes angiogenesis in the ischemic penumbra of rat brains through caveolin-1/VEGF signaling pathways.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of caveolin-1 in treadmill-exercise-induced angiogenesis in the ischemic penumbra of rat brains, and whether caveolin-1 changes correlated with reduced brain injury induced by treadmill exercise, in rats after cerebral ischemia. Rats were randomized into five groups: sham-operated (S, n=7), model (M, n=36), exercise and model (EM, n=36), inhibitor and model (IM, n=36), and inhibitor, exercise, and model (IEM, n=36). Rats in the model groups underwent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Rats in the inhibitor groups received an IP injection of the caveolin-1 inhibitor, daidzein (0.4 mg/kg), every 24 h following reperfusion. Rats were killed at 7 or 28 days after the operation. The exercise group showed better neurological recovery and smaller infarction volumes compared with the non-exercise group. Correspondingly, significant increases of caveolin-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein expression were observed compared with the non-exercise group. Additionally, the number of Flk-1/CD34 double-positive cells towards the ischemic penumbra was increased in the exercise group. Furthermore, the induction of VEGF protein, microvessel density, decrease of infarct volumes and neurological recovery was significantly inhibited by daidzein. This study indicates that treadmill exercise reduces brain injury in stroke. Our findings suggest that the caveolin-1 pathway is involved in the regulation of VEGF in association with promoted angiogenesis in the ischemic penumbra of rat brains after treadmill exercise. The caveolin-1/VEGF signaling pathway may be a potential target for therapeutic intervention in rats following MCAO.

Simultaneous determination of ten active ginsenosides in steamed notoginseng by UPLC / 中国中药杂志

A quantitative method using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography was established to simultaneously determine ten ginsenoside active ingredients including ginsenoside Rg6, F4, Rk3, Rh4, 20(S) -Rg3, 20(R) -Rg3, Rk1, Rg5, 20(S)-Rh2 and 20(R)-Rh2 in steamed notoginseng. The ten ginsenosides of steamed notoginseng with different head numbers, parts, and steaming time were determined by this method. An Acquity BEH C18 chromatographic column (2.1 mm x 100 mm, 1.7 microm) was used to perform the determination, which was maintained at 35 degrees C throughout the analysis. Mobile phase was composed of water and acetonitrile with flow rate at 0.3 mL x min(-1) under gradient elution, and detection wavelength was set to 203 nm for monitoring the separation. The results demonstrate ginsenoside Rg6, F4, Rk3, Rh4, 20 (S)-Rg3, 20 (R) -Rg3, Rk1, Rg5, 20 (S)-Rh2 and 20(R) -Rh2 have shown good linearity (R2 > or = 0.999 8) within 0.46-115, 2.06-515, 1.632408, 3.216-804, 1.392-348, 1.4-350, 0.496-248, 3.012-1 506, 0.82-205 and 0.832-208 mg x L(-1), and their average recoveries were 97.00%, 97.96%, 98.86%, 95.27%, 98.67%, 98.02%, 95.53%, 96.63%, 99.57% and 103.6%, respectively. The proposed approach was quick and accurate and portrayed excellent repeatability and determination efficiency. The quality of steamed notoginseng was effectively controlled, which served as a foundation for establishing a normalized processing technique and quality standard for ensuring the reliability and consistency of its clinical efficacy.

[The expression, identification of human HMGB1 B box and preparation of monoclonal antibodies against HMGB1 B box].

AIM: To express human HMGB1 B box protein and obtain monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against HMGB1 B box for further study of the function of human HMGB1 protein. METHODS: pET28-HMGB1 B box plasmid transfected the DH5α, then expressed. And the extracted protein was purified by protein purification system. BALB/c mice were immunized with recombinant human HMGB1 B box protein. Hybridoma cell lines secreting mAb against human HMGB1 B box protein were screened by ELISA and subcloning approach. The characteristics of these mAbs were identified by ELISA and Western blot. RESULTS: Two hybridoma cell lines (1D2F4E3 and 2D4E3A2) stable secreting specific mAbs were successfully obtained.Western blot exhitited the two mAbs binded specifically to human HMGB1 B box protein. The immunoglobulin (Ig) class of two mAbs belonged to IgG, their titers were 1×10(6);, and the A(450); of mAb1D2F4E3, 2D4E3A2 were 0.324±0.093, 0.296±0.085, respectively. CONCLUSION: Two of high specificity mAbs against human HMGB1 B box protein have been successfully prepared, which laid the foundation for further study of biological function of human HMGB1 protein.

Influence of serum prolactin on interleukin-6 secretion by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To detect serum prolactin (PRL) level in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and its correlations to SLE activity and interleukin-6 (IL-6) by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>An electrochemiluminescence assay was employed to examine the serum content of PRL in 40 SLE patients and 20 healthy subjects, and the levels of IL-6 secretion by the PBMCs were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>SLE patients showed a significantly higher serum level of PRL than healthy subjects, which was especially obvious in the active stage of the disease (P=0.000. Serum PRL in SLE patients was found to positively correlate to SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) (r=0.568, P=0.000). SLE patients with hyperprolactinemia showed a significantly higher level of IL-6 secretion by the PBMCs than those with normal serum PRL level (P=0.000). IL-6 secretion by the PBMCs isolated from SLE patients with normal PRL level and from healthy controls, especially the latter, increased significantly after stimulation of the cells with recombinant human PRL in vitro (P=0.000).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Serum PRL may play a role in the pathogenesis of SLE. An elevated PRL level is closely related to SLE activity and can be used to assess SLE activity. Increased serum PRL level can up-regulate the secretion of IL-6 by the PBMCs.</p>

Helicobacter priori induces changes in the degranulation of mast ceils and the permeability of gastric mucosa in BALB/c mice / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) on the degranulation of mast cells and the permeability of gastric mucosa in BALB/c mice, in order to provide further evidence for the important role of Hp in the pathogenesis of chronic urticaria (CU). Methods Seventy healthy BALB/c mice were randomly classified into 3 different groups, namely, Hp group (n = 30), fed with Hp liquid once every 3 days for a total of 7 times, and two control groups, alcohol group (n = 20) fed with 45 percent alcohol solution, and bovine serum albumin (BSA) group (n = 20) fed with BSA 2% solution. Alteration in the blood sucrose level was used to assess the permeability of gastric mucosa. Toluidine blue staining of gastric mucosa was used to assess the total number of mast cells, the amount of degranulated mast cells and the per-centage of degranulated cells after feeding. Results There was a statistically significant difference between the total number of mast cells (F = 207.59, P < 0.01 ) and the percentage of degranulated mast cells (F = 108.16, P <0.01 ) among the three groups, with the highest number and percentage observed in the Hp group followed by the alcohol group. In both groups, the concentration of blood sucrose was increased after feed-ing, with a higher increase in the alcohol group; no significant change occurred in the concentration of blood sucrose in the BSA group (F = -4.06, P > 0.05 ), which differed significantly from the other two groups (F =277.03, P< 0.01 ). Conclusions Hp infection could increase the number and degranulation of mast cells in gastric mucosa, resulting in the release of histamines and vasoactive mediators, which may be related to the manifestation of urticaria.

Biological characteristics of hydroxyapatite artificial eye mount / 中国组织工程研究

Hydroxyapatite artificial eye mount has no toxicity,no sensitization and good histocompatibility.Its porous structure is beneficial for the ingrowth of new vessels and fibrous tissues,thereby it is the main implant of orbital reconstruction following enucleation.With the wide application in clinics,hydroxyapatite artificial eye mount also show some complications such as conjunctival humbling,erosion,split and artificial eye mount exposure.There are many causes for these complications and the most one is the stimulation and wearing of orbital soft tissues induced by crude implants,as well as the delaying in vessels.Using autologous or variant tissue for covering or encapsulating the anterior artificial eye mount,the mount will be strengthen and become smooth,thereby reducing the friction.Autologous sclera is superior to other encapsulating materials.