ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Sarcopenia is a progressive age-related disease that can cause a range of adverse health outcomes in older adults, and older adults with severe sarcopenia are also at increased short-term mortality risk. The aim of this study was to construct and validate a risk prediction model for sarcopenia in Chinese older adults. METHODS: This study used data from the 2015 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), a high-quality micro-level data representative of households and individuals aged 45 years and older adults in China. The study analyzed 65 indicators, including sociodemographic indicators, health-related indicators, and biochemical indicators. RESULTS: 3454 older adults enrolled in the CHARLS database in 2015 were included in the final analysis. A total of 997 (28.8%) had phenotypes of sarcopenia. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that sex, Body Mass Index (BMI), Mean Systolic Blood Pressure (MSBP), Mean Diastolic Blood Pressure (MDBP) and pain were predictive factors for sarcopenia in older adults. These factors were used to construct a nomogram model, which showed good consistency and accuracy. The AUC value of the prediction model in the training set was 0.77 (95% CI = 0.75-0.79); the AUC value in the validation set was 0.76 (95% CI = 0.73-0.79). Hosmer-Lemeshow test values were P = 0.5041 and P = 0.2668 (both P > 0.05). Calibration curves showed significant agreement between the nomogram model and actual observations. ROC and DCA showed that the nomograms had good predictive properties. CONCLUSIONS: The constructed sarcopenia risk prediction model, incorporating factors such as sex, BMI, MSBP, MDBP, and pain, demonstrates promising predictive capabilities. This model offers valuable insights for clinical practitioners, aiding in early screening and targeted interventions for sarcopenia in Chinese older adults.
Subject(s)
Sarcopenia , Humans , Sarcopenia/epidemiology , Sarcopenia/diagnosis , Male , Female , Aged , China/epidemiology , Middle Aged , Risk Factors , Aged, 80 and over , Longitudinal Studies , Body Mass Index , Risk Assessment/methods , NomogramsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors for suicide in patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in the USA. SETTING: Patients with SCC diagnosed between 1975 and 2017 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database were selected for this study. PARTICIPANTS: This study included patients with SCC older than 20 years who were diagnosed between 1975 and 2017. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: The general population included in data from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention were used to calculate the suicide rate and standardised mortality rate (SMR) of SCC patients. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to identify risk factors for suicide in patients with SCC. RESULTS: There were 415 268 SCC patients registered in the SEER database, among which 1157 cases of suicide were found, comprising a total of 2 289 772 person-years. The suicide rate for patients with SCC was 50.53 per 100 000 person-years, and the SMR was 4.13 (95% CI 3.90 to 4.38). The Cox regression analyses showed that the factors related to a high risk of suicide among patients with SCC included being male (vs female: HR 5.36, 95% CI 4.51 to 6.38, p<0.001), older at the diagnosis (70-79 vs ≤39 years: HR 1.46, 95% CI 1.09 to 2.08, p=0.012; ≥80 vs ≤39 years: HR 1.48, 95% CI 1.05 to 2.08, p=0.025) and white (vs black, HR 2.97, 95% CI 2.20 to 4.02, p<0.001) and surgery (vs not performed: HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.57 to 0.74, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with the general population, patients with SCC in the USA have a higher risk of suicide. Being male, older at the diagnosis, white and having a higher histological grade are risk factors for suicide in patients.
