Investigating SNHG3 and BCYRN1 lncRnas expression in the peripheral blood cells of multiple sclerosis patients.

BACKGROUND: MS (Multiple sclerosis) is a progressive neurologic disorder often appearing in the third decade of life. MS is the most frequent demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. The development of MS is influenced by environmental, genetic, and epigenetic factors. The bulk of the human transcriptome comprises lncRNAs, which play crucial regulatory roles. We aimed to assess the SNHG3 and BCYRN1 lncRNA expression in blood samples from MS patients and how these lncRNAs and disease activity are related. METHODS: A total of 100 MS patients, including 8 primary progressive (PP), 82 relapsing-remitting (RR), and 10 secondary progressive (SP) MS, as well as 100 healthy controls, had their blood samples taken. Gene expression was assessed using quantitative real-time PCR. Recognizing the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, the diagnostic potential of lncRNA levels was evaluated. RESULTS: Expressions of SNHG3 and BCYRN1 were found to have significantly increased (p < 0.0001). SNHG3 expression level showed significant differences compared to age groups and MS subtypes (p value = 0.001 and p value = 0.02).Furthermore, patients with a family history showed elevated BCYRN1 expression with a p value of 0.01. Considering the age factor, BCYRN1 exhibits altered expression levels in patient groups compared to healthy controls (p value 0.04). Additionally, the novel biomarkers SNHG3 and BCYRN1 can be used to diagnose MS (AUC = 0.97 and AUC = 0.88, respectively). DISCUSSION: Increased levels of SNHG3 and BCYRN1 in the serum may serve as potential molecular biomarkers for the MS diagnosis.

Expression Level of lncRNA CYTOR in Iranian Cervical Cancer Patients.

Background: A critical role has been known for lncRNAs in the initiation and development of cancers. Therefore, lncRNAs have been reported as the possible biomarkers in relation to the diagnosis and therapy of malignancies. This project examined the change in CYTOR lncRNA expression in human cervical cancer samples as compared with adjacent healthy ones. Methods: We provided one hundred fifteen pairs of tumorous and adjacent healthy tissue specimens of cervical cancer patients. RNAs were isolated from tissue specimens and cDNAs were synthesized. We considered quantitative Real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) to examine the expression levels of CYTOR lncRNA. In addition, the biomarker activity of CYTOR and the associations between the lncRNA and clinicopathological characteristics were evaluated. Results: The significant increased expression of CYTOR was obtained in cancerous samples as compared with non-cancerous ones (P< 0.0001). A significant correlation was indicated between CYTOR expression and the squamous subtype of cervical cancer (p=0.046). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve-related AUC (area under the curve), specificity, and sensitivity were calculated 0.88, 81.74%, and 80%, respectively, which may introduce CYTOR as a potential biomarker. Conclusion: CYTOR may be an effective oncogene and biomarker in cervical cancer cases given its increased expression in human cervical cancer tissues.

Expression pattern of PCAT1, PCAT2, and PCAT5 lncRNAs and their value as diagnostic biomarkers in patients with gastric cancer.

BACKGROUND: Gastric cancer (GC), is a complex multifactorial neoplasm with a high mortality and prevalence rate all over the world. Hence, it is necessary to identify the multiple pathways that are previously unknown and are involved in its initiation and progression. Recently, it has become clear that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a crucial role in the onset and spread of cancer. The current study assessed the lncRNAs PCAT1, PCAT2, and PCAT5 expression in primary gastric tumors and adjacent noncancerous tissues. METHODS: 90 pairs of GC and adjacent noncancerous tissue samples were obtained. Total RNA was extracted, then cDNA was synthesized. Using quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR), PCAT1, PCAT2, and PCAT5 expression levels were evaluated. Using the SPSS statistical package, the correlation between clinicopathological characteristics and the expression of PCAT1, PCAT2, and PCAT5 was investigated. The diagnostic value of PCAT1, PCAT2, and PCAT5 in GC was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. RESULTS: Compared to surrounding non-cancerous tissues, PCAT1, PCAT2, and PCAT5 were all significantly overexpressed in tumoral tissues (P = 0.001, P = 0.019, and P = 0.0001, respectively). PCAT5 expression was significantly associated with gender (P = 0.020), according to our research. The ROC curve's findings indicated that PCAT1, PCAT2, and PCAT5 may each function as poor diagnostic biomarkers, with respective AUC values of 64 %, 60 %, and 68 %, specificity values of 68 %, 60 %, and 76 %, and sensitivity values of 55 %, 72 %, and 52 %. CONCLUSION: Our research suggested that PCAT1, PCAT2, and PCAT5 may be engaged in promoting and developing GC cells as a novel oncogene because of the increased expression of PCAT1, PCAT2 and PCAT5 in tumor tissues of GC patients. Additionally, PCAT1, PCAT2, and PCAT5 can be thought of as poor diagnostic biomarkers for GC case detection.

The expression profile of HAR1A and HAR1B in the peripheral blood cells of multiple sclerosis patients.

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS) with varying degrees of axonal and neuronal damage. The onset and progression of the disease are influenced by several environmental and genetic variables. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have a crucial role in the pathophysiology of MS. Our study aimed to assess the levels of HAR1A and HAR1B lncRNA expression in the blood samples of MS patients and investigate the relationship between these lncRNAs and disease activity. METHODS AND RESULTS: The blood samples of 100 MS patients, including 82 relapsing-remitting (RR), 8 primary progressive (PP), and 10 secondary progressive (SP) MS cases, and 100 healthy controls were collected. Quantitative real-time PCR was used for the evaluation of gene expression. ROC curve analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic potential of lncRNA levels. A significant decrease was detected in HAR1A expressions (P < 0.0001), and a moderate increase was also shown in HAR1B of SPMS patients (P value = 0.0189). HAR1A showed different expression levels in patients over forty (P value = 0.034). The expression levels of HAR1A and HAR1B were positively correlated in MS patients (r = 0.2003, P value = 0.0457). In addition, ROC curve results suggested that HAR1A can be introduced as a novel biomarker for MS diagnosis (AUC = 0.776). CONCLUSION: The low serum level of HAR1A may be a potential molecular biomarker for MS diagnosis; however, no discernible difference was detected in the expression level of HAR1B in the blood samples of MS patients.

Expression of lncRNAs AK058003 and APOC1P1 in breast cancer patients.

In the current study, the expression levels of two important lncRNAs, i.e., AK058003 and APOC1P1, in breast tumors were compared with adjacent non-tumor tissues to evaluate their diagnostic potential in a panel of 121 patients. Total RNA was extracted, cDNA was synthesized and expression of AK058003 and APOC1P1 was assessed using qRT-PCR. A significant overexpression and positive correlation between these two lncRNAs were observed in tumor tissues compared to marginal healthy tissues. In conclusion, the examined lncRNAs were overexpressed in tumor tissues, suggesting their significant diagnostic value in breast cancer.

Moderate Prognostic Value of lncRNA FOXD2-AS1 in Gastric Cancer with Helicobacter pylori Infection.

PURPOSE: Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most frequent tumors worldwide and identification of a sensitive and specific prognostic biomarker is of great importance. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in tumorigenesis of various malignancies. In the present study, we investigated lncRNA FOXD2-AS1 expression in gastric tumors and assessed its potential as a prognostic biomarker. METHODS: A total of 95 tumor and corresponding adjacent non-tumor tissue specimens were collected from patients with GC from Imam Reza hospital, Tabriz, Iran. Total RNA was isolated and FOXD2-AS1 expression was measured using quantitative reverse transcriptase (qRT)-PCR. RESULTS: FOXD2-AS1 was significantly upregulated in tumor samples as compared to non-tumor tissues (P < 0.0001). In addition, higher expression of FOXD2-AS1 was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis and Helicobacter pylori infection. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed that FOXD2-AS1 might be served as a potential prognostic biomarker for GC. CONCLUSION: FOXD2-AS1 is upregulated in gastric tumors and can be used as a valuable biomarker in the prognosis of patients with GC.

Prognostic Value of LncRNA KRT18P55 in Patients with Intestinal Type of Gastric Cancer.

PURPOSE: Gastric cancer (GC) is a heterogeneous disease, and this heterogeneity significantly affects survival and treatment outcomes. Identification of molecular biomarkers specific for early-stage GC can help clinicians to choose more precise and effective treatment approaches. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have the potential to be used as biomarkers because of their tissue specificity, stability, and availability in body fluids. In this study, we aimed to investigate changes in the expression levels of lncRNA KRT18P55 and to assess its biomarker potentials in patients with GC. METHODS: Tumor and non-tumor marginal tissues were collected from 102 patients at Noor-Nejat Hospital (Tabriz, Iran). RNA was isolated, and quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to assess KRT18P55 expression levels in tumor and non-tumor tissue samples. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate potentials of KRT18P55 as a prognostic biomarker in GC. SPSS and GraphPad Prism software were used for data analysis. RESULTS: We found that KRT18P55 is significantly overexpressed in tumor as compared to non-tumor tissues (p < 0.0001). We found a significant association between KRT18P55 overexpression and intestinal GC subtype (p < 0.0001), lymph node metastasis (p = 0.013), and Helicobacter pylori infection (p = 0.033). Based on the ROC analysis, KRT18P55 showed a sensitivity and specificity of 53.92% and 77.45%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Overexpression of KRT18P55 in gastric tumors is suggestive of its oncogenic role in GC. In addition, KRT18P55 may be used as a potential prognosis biomarker and therapeutic target in intestinal GC subtype.

PVT1 and ZFAS1 lncRNAs expressions and their biomarker value in gastric cancer tissue sampling among Iranian population.

BACKGROUND: lncRNAs are modulatory factors with critical function in the tumorigenesis pathways, introducing them as promising therapeutic and diagnostic biomarkers for different cancers. This study is thus aimed to evaluate the differences in PVT1 and ZFAS1 gene expression in tumorous tissues as compared with adjacent healthy non-tumorous biopsies of gastric cancer cases. METHODS: One hundred two pairs of tumorous and adjacent non-tumorous biopsies of GC cases were sampled. RNA isolation and cDNA production were carried out. The qRT-PCR was performed to evaluate the expression of PVT1 and ZFAS1 genes. Moreover, the associations between PVT1 or ZFAS1 and clinicopathological characteristics as well as the biomarker roles of the lncRNAs were assessed. RESULTS: The PVT1 and ZFAS1 expressions showed a significant increase and decrease in GC samples as compared with non-cancerous tissues, respectively. PVT1 expression was significantly associated with and lymph-node involvement (p = 0.0007). Moreover, ZFAS1 expression demonstrated a significant association with lymph-node involvement (p = 0.0005), and tumor size >5 cm (p = 0.003). The findings of the ROC curve revealed that PVT1 and ZFAS1 may act as a possible biomarker with AUC of 0.71 and 0.79, specificity of 78.43% and 79.41%, and sensitivity of 55.88% and 64.71%. CONCLUSIONS: Regarding upregulation of PVT1 and downregulation of ZFAS1 in human GC samples, these genes may respectively act as oncogenic and tumor-suppressive factors in GC cases. Furthermore, PVT1 and ZFAS1 can be considered as possible biomarkers for the detection and treatment of GC cases.