ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: CXCL3 and its receptor CXCR2 were considered to play particularly important roles in the progression of malignancies. However, the investigations about CXCL3/CXCR2 axis in prostate cancer have been poorly involved. Herein we firstly reported our studies on the expression and biological roles of CXCL3 and CXCR2 in prostate cancer. METHODS: Expression levels of CXCL3 and CXCR2 in prostate cancer cell lines (PC-3, DU145 and LNCaP), immortalized prostate stromal cell line (WPMY-1) and immortalized prostate epithelial cell line (RWPE-1) were investigated by RT-PCR, ELISA and western blot, whereas expression levels of CXCL3 in a prostate tissue microarray were detected by immunohistochemistry. Cell counting kit-8 and transwell assays were, respectively, utilized to determine the effects of exogenous CXCL3 on the cell proliferation and migration. We further examined whether CXCL3 could regulate the expression of genes correlated with prostate tumorigenesis by RT- PCR. RESULTS: Elevated expression of CXCR2 was detected in DU145, LNCaP and RWPE-1. Moreover, high-level CXCL3 can be secreted by PC-3 and RWPE-1, and CXCL3 protein expression level in tissue microarray is concordant with prostate cancer metastasis. Exogenous CXCL3 does not contribute to proliferation, but has a significant effect on migration of prostate cancer cells and RWPE-1. Finally, our data showed that exogenous CXCL3 can regulate the expression of genes including ERK, TP73, NUMB, BAX and NDRG3. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that CXCL3 and its receptor CXCR2 are overexpressed in prostate cancer cells, prostate epithelial cells and prostate cancer tissues, which may play multiple roles in prostate cancer progression and metastasis.
Subject(s)
Chemokines, CXC/genetics , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects , Prostatic Neoplasms/genetics , RNA, Messenger/metabolism , Receptors, Interleukin-8B/genetics , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Movement/drug effects , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Chemokines, CXC/metabolism , Chemokines, CXC/pharmacology , Epithelial Cells/metabolism , Humans , Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins , Male , Membrane Proteins/genetics , Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics , Prostate/cytology , Prostate/metabolism , Prostatic Neoplasms/metabolism , Receptors, Interleukin-8B/metabolism , Stromal Cells/metabolism , Tumor Protein p73/genetics , bcl-2-Associated X Protein/geneticsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Few studies have reported the relationship between duration of dialysis and effect of kidney transplantation on sex hormone levels and erectile dysfunction (ED) in Chinese patients. METHODS: Our study included 24 patients with uremia who underwent kidney transplantation. Erectile function in these patients was assessed using the 5-item version of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5), and serum sex hormone levels were measured pre- and post-transplantation. Post-transplantation changes in IIEF-5 scores were analyzed according to duration of dialysis. RESULTS: Twenty-one (87.5%) and 11 (45.9%) of the 24 patients suffered from varying degrees of ED during the pre- and post-transplantation periods, respectively. The pre- vs. post-transplantation IIEF-5 scores were significantly different (p < 0.05) among patients who had undergone dialysis for less than six months. Following transplantation, serum levels of prolactin and ß-estradiol decreased significantly (24.35 ± 11.62 vs. 13.93 ± 7.16 ng/mL, p = 0.027; 42.20 ± 15.04 vs. 17.7 ± 7.15 pg/mL, p = 0.000, respectively), whereas levels of testosterone increased (3.07 ± 0.94 vs. 6.54 ± 3.14 ng/mL, p = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS: Successful kidney transplantation can significantly ameliorate ED in Chinese patients, especially in individuals with a shorter time on dialysis. Changes in sex hormone levels may contribute to this improvement in ED.