ABSTRACT
Background: SimuCarePro-CRM aims to create tools for emergency health professional's simulation training by developing Crisis Resource Management concepts. This research project regards the leadership concept. Assuming simulation as an innovative learning strategy that can contribute to the development of leadership skills, we question: "What leadership competencies (LC) are developed through simulated nursing practices?". Objectives: Characterize nursing students' perceptions of LC exercised by the team leader during simulated practice (SP) and analyze the facilitating and difficult factors in the development of LC in SP. Method: A quantitative, observational, analytical, transverse and correlational study will be developed. An intentional sample will be formed by nursing students who attend Advanced Life Support courses in 2019 and accept to participate in the study. Data will be collected through a 3 parts questionnaire: sociodemographic and professional characterization; "Nursing Leadership Perception Scale" by Castilho and Frederico (2006)(1) and questions about team leader competencies; questions to identify facilitating and difficult factors in acquiring LC through SP. Ethical and legal procedures were foreseen. Results: Students (69%) perceive PS as a very important strategy for the development of LC. Conclusion: Results are compatible with the few available literatures. We suggest the applicability of the study to other nursing schools with identical teaching strategies
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Subject(s)
Humans , Simulation Training/methods , Education, Nursing/organization & administration , Medical-Surgical Nursing/education , Leadership , Professional Competence , Students, Nursing/statistics & numerical data , Models, Educational , Surveys and Questionnaires/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
Due to their detrimental effects on human health, scientific interest in ultrafine particles (UFP), has been increasing but available information is far from comprehensive. Children, who represent one of the most susceptible subpopulation, spend the majority of time in schools and homes. Thus, the aim of this study is to (1) assess indoor levels of particle number concentrations (PNC) in ultrafine and fine (20-1000 nm) range at school and home environments and (2) compare indoor respective dose rates for 3- to 5-yr-old children. Indoor particle number concentrations in range of 20-1000 nm were consecutively measured during 56 d at two preschools (S1 and S2) and three homes (H1-H3) situated in Porto, Portugal. At both preschools different indoor microenvironments, such as classrooms and canteens, were evaluated. The results showed that total mean indoor PNC as determined for all indoor microenvironments were significantly higher at S1 than S2. At homes, indoor levels of PNC with means ranging between 1.09 × 10(4) and 1.24 × 10(4) particles/cm(3) were 10-70% lower than total indoor means of preschools (1.32 × 10(4) to 1.84 × 10(4) particles/cm(3)). Nevertheless, estimated dose rates of particles were 1.3- to 2.1-fold higher at homes than preschools, mainly due to longer period of time spent at home. Daily activity patterns of 3- to 5-yr-old children significantly influenced overall dose rates of particles. Therefore, future studies focusing on health effects of airborne pollutants always need to account for children's exposures in different microenvironments such as homes, schools, and transportation modes in order to obtain an accurate representation of children overall exposure.