ABSTRACT
An electrochemical sensor is described for the determination of nilutamide (NLM) in biological fluids. A flexible mat of nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers (NCNFs) was prepared by electrospinning. This was followed by carbonization and the growth of one-dimensional vanadium tetrasulfide (VS4) nanorods in the circumference of the NCNFs by a solvothermal route. The material was used to modify a glassy carbon electrode (GCE). Cyclic voltammetry and amperometry revealed an excellent electrocatalytic activity of the VS4/NCNF mat towards NLM at a working potential of - 0.57 V (vs Ag/AgCl). The modified GCE has a wide linear range (0.001-760 µM), a low limit of detection (90 pM), good stability, and fast response. It was used to detect NLM in spiked serum and urine samples. Graphical abstract Schematic presentation of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) composed of free-standing nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers decorated with vanadium tetrasulfide (Patronite) nanorods (VS4/NCNF). It was fabricated by electrospinning followed by stabilization and carbonization. The GCE responds to nilutamide (NLM) with excellent selectivity and nanomolar sensitivity.
Subject(s)
Carbon/chemistry , Imidazolidines/blood , Nanofibers/chemistry , Nitrogen/chemistry , Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnosis , Vanadium Compounds/chemistry , Antineoplastic Agents/blood , Biosensing Techniques , Electrochemical Techniques , Electrodes , Humans , Limit of Detection , Male , Nanocomposites/chemistry , Nanotubes/chemistry , Particle Size , Sulfides/chemistry , Surface PropertiesABSTRACT
We present a room-temperature magnetoelectrically coupled bilayer thin film multiferroic system (BTS) 'Zn1-xSmxO/BaTiO3 (where x = 0.02 and 0.04)' grown on a SrTiO3 (100) substrate. The thin film layers are polycrystalline and continuous with an average roughness of 3.2 nm. At room temperature, the BTSs with x = 0.02 (BTS2) and x = 0.04 (BTS4) are ferromagnetic with a saturation magnetic moment (Ms) of 5.1 memu and 8.6 memu respectively, while the latter shows a paramagnetic trace. Both BTS2 and BTS4 are ferroelectric at room temperature with a saturation polarization (Ps) of 12.51 µC cm(-2) and 6.75 µC cm(-2), respectively. The coercive (electric) field required to polarize BTSs increases as a function of x (25.2 kV cm(-1) for BTS2 and 62.3 kV cm(-1) for BTS4). The change in degree of polarization/magnetization (domain contrast of the piezoresponse/magnetic force microscopy images), permittivity and resistance, as a function of external magnetic/electric field, directly suggests that the Zn0.98Sm0.02O/BaTiO3 BTS is magnetoelectrically coupled at room temperature.
Subject(s)
Drug Delivery Systems , Ferric Compounds/chemistry , Nanoparticles , RNA, Double-Stranded/chemistry , Receptors, Cell Surface/chemistry , Toll-Like Receptor 3/chemistry , Cell Line, Tumor , Humans , Kidney/cytology , Ligands , Magnetics , Molecular Structure , RNA, Double-Stranded/metabolism , RNA, Messenger/biosynthesisABSTRACT
Polymer coated superparamagnetic gamma-Fe(2)O(3) nanoparticles were derivatized with a synthetic double-stranded RNA [poly(IC)], a known allosteric activator of the latent (2-5)A synthetase, to separate a single 35 kDa protein from a crude extract which cross reacted with antibodies raised against the sponge enzyme.
Subject(s)
2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase/chemistry , DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases/chemistry , Ferric Compounds/chemistry , Immunomagnetic Separation , Nanoparticles/chemistry , Peptides/chemistry , 2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase/isolation & purification , Animals , Binding Sites , Ligands , Magnetics , Molecular Structure , Particle Size , Porifera/enzymology , Surface PropertiesABSTRACT
Collagen fibres have been shown by transmission electron microscopy to progressively bind the polyoxomolybdate ring-complex, termed molybdenum blue. Nucleation of cuboidal molybdenum blue microcrystals occurs on the surface of the collagen fibres, leading eventually to extensive coating of the fibres with microcrystals.
