ABSTRACT
Chiglitazar sodium is a new peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) pan-agonist with independent intellectual property rights in China. It can treat type 2 diabetes mellitus and regulate metabolism by modestly activating PPARα, PPARγ, and PPARδ to improve insulin sensitivity, regulate blood glucose, and promote fatty acid oxidation and utilization. Chiglitazar sodium has a significant insulin-sensitizing effect and is advantageous in reducing fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels, particularly at the 48 mg dose in patients with concomitant high triglycerides in terms of blood glucose and triglyceride level control.
ABSTRACT
A simple, sensitive and interference-free method was established for simultaneous determination of trace selenium and tellurium in ore samples by HG-AFS, by using nano-TiO2 immobilized on a silica gel packed microcolumn for online preconcentration. Selenium and tellurium were selectively adsorbed to the microcolumn in acidic condition and then completely eluted with 2% (m/v) NaOH solution. The experimental conditions for hydride generation, adsorption, elution and potential interference were investigated in detail. Under the optimum conditions, the detection limits of selenium and tellurium by the proposed method with 180 s sampling time were 4.0 and 3.6 ng · L(-1), with sensitivity enhancement of 20- and 13-fold compared to conventional hydride generation method, respectively. The relative standard deviation (RSD, n=5) of this method for 1 µg · L(-1) Se(IV) and Te(IV) were 0.7% and 2.3%, respectively. This method was applied to determination of selenium and tellurium in several ore samples.
ABSTRACT
In this study, a 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane (cyclen)-based side-chain homopolymer was developed for the first time; this polymer can self-assembly with plasmid DNA to form polyelectrolyte complexes (polyplex), which can protect DNA from enzymatic degradation. Moreover, the polyplex can disassembly and release free DNA when NaCl solution is added to this system. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) are used for imaging of the surface structure of the polyplex, and results indicated that the polyplex structures respond to the polymer concentration. Circular dichroism (CD) spectrum suggested that the DNA configuration in the polyplex was retained.
Subject(s)
DNA/chemistry , Heterocyclic Compounds/chemistry , Plasmids/chemistry , Polymers/chemistry , Circular Dichroism , Cyclams , DNA/metabolism , Genetic Vectors/chemistry , Genetic Vectors/metabolism , Microscopy, Atomic Force , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Plasmids/metabolismABSTRACT
This study provided an experimental evidence for the use of cyclen (1, 4, 7, 10-tetraazacyclododecane)-based polymer for gene delivery. The interesting interaction of the polymer with plasmid DNA was studied by using fluorescence titration, circular dichroism spectra, agarose gel electrophoresis and atomic force microscopy. It was found that polyplex was formed between the polycation and plasmid DNA. The results demonstrated that the cyclen-based polymer could act as non-viral gene vector with relatively low cytotoxicity.
Subject(s)
DNA/chemistry , Genetic Vectors/chemistry , Transfection , Cell Line, Tumor , Circular Dichroism , Cyclams , Heterocyclic Compounds/chemistry , Humans , Microscopy, Atomic ForceABSTRACT
Stoichiometric CaMoO4 thin film was successfully fabricated based on chemical solution processing. The thin films were deposited on Si(100) substrates by means of the spin-coating technique. X-ray diffraction reveals that the CaMoO4 thin film prepared are pure and well crystalline thin films. Atom Force Microscope photographs indicate that the film prepared possesses a homogeneous and dense surface morphology. The average grain size of the films was 40-50 nm, and the root-mean-square (RMS) of the surface roughness and the average surface roughness of the film measured were 2.161 nm and 1.726 nm respectively. The photoluminescent properties of calcium molybdate thin film under ultraviolet light excitation were systematically measured from 12 K to room temperature and a green emission band of the films were observed. The results of present work confirm that the chemical solution processing is a promising technology on the fabrication of CaMoO4 thin film.
