TCM syndrome differentiation in colorectal cancer patients assisted by differences in gut microbiota: An exploratory study.

Objective: To explore the difference in gut microbiota between different traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndromes in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and its internal relationship. Methods: From June 2020 to August 2021, 109 colorectal cancer patients with a clear pathological diagnosis who had not yet undergone surgery or chemotherapy were classified according to the TCM syndrome classification, and the feces samples of 109 patients with preoperative colorectal cancer were collected. 16s rRNA gene sequencing was used to determine gut microbiota diversity and abundance in CRC patients with different TCM syndrome, and LEfSe analysis was made to screen different TCM syndrome for differential representative microbiota. Results: 109 patients were divided into 5 syndromes by TCM syndrome classification, which were Liver and Kidney Yin Deficiency Syndrome (LKYDS, n = 19), Spleen Deficient Qi Stagnation Syndrome (SDQSS, n = 30), Stasis and Poison Obstruction Syndrome (SPOS, n = 17), Damp-Heat Syndrome (DHS, n = 30), Qi and Blood Deficiency Syndrome (QBDS, n = 13). Alpha diversity index showed significant differences among the five groups of TCM syndromes, with Shannon index being highest in the SDQSS group and lowest in the LKYDS (p = 0.003). ACE index being highest in the SDQSS group and lowest in the SPOS (p = 0.010). PD whole tree index being highest in the SDQSS group and lowest in the SPOS (p = 0.017). Similarly, beta diversity showed significant differences among the five groups of TCM syndromes, with principal coordinate analysis (PCo1 = 31.86 %, PCo2 = 5.62 %) showing separation and coincidence between the groups, and Adonis group differences showing coincidence between the QBDS-LKYDS (p = 0.702), QBDS-DHS (p = 0.133), and SDQSS-DHS (p = 0.260) groups. LEfSe analysis revealed that the representative microbiota of DHS patients was Dialister sp Marseille P5638 (LDA = 3.05, p＜0.001), the representative microbiota of SPOS patients was Oscillospirales (LDA = 4.78, p = 0.029), the representative microbiota of SDQSS patients was Selenomonadaceae (LDA = 3.94, p = 0.003), the representative microbiota of LKYDS patients was Dialister (LDA = 4.19, p = 0.001), and the representative microbiota of QBDS patients was Akkermansia muciniphila (LDA = 4.23, p = 0.006). Conclusions: There are significant differences in gut microbiota between different TCM syndromes in CRC patients. The five microbiota, Dialister sp Marseille P5638, Oscillospirales, Selenomonadaceae, Dialister, and Akkermansia muciniphila, may be differential markers of TCM syndrome in CRC and are expected to be one of the bases for accurate TCM syndrome differentiation of CRC.

[Spatio-temporal Change in City-level Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Municipal Solid Waste Sector in China During the Last Decade and Its Potential Mitigation].

The waste sector is a significant source of greenhouse gas(GHG) emissions and clarifying its emission trends and characteristics is the premise for formulating GHG emission reduction strategies. Using the IPCC inventory model, the GHG emissions from the municipal solid waste(MSW) sector in China during 2010 to 2020 were estimated. The results showed that GHG emissions increased from 42.5 Mt in 2010 to 75.3 Mt in 2019, then decreased to 72.1 Mt in 2020. MSW landfills were the main source of GHG emissions. Further, with the increase in the proportion of waste incineration, the proportion of GHG incineration increased rapidly from 16.5% in 2010 to 60.1% in 2020. In terms of regional distribution, East and South China were the regions with the highest emissions, and Guangdong, Shandong, Jiangsu, and Zhejiang were the provinces with the largest GHG emissions. Implementing MSW classification, changing the MSW disposal modes from landfilling to incineration, improving the LFG collection efficiency of landfills, and using biological functional materials as the cover soil to strengthen the methane oxidation efficiency are the main measures to achieve GHG emission reduction in waste sectors.

[Influence of the Classification of Municipal Solid Wastes on the Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emissions: A Case Study of Qingdao City, China].

The municipal solid waste (MSW) sector is an important source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. MSW classification can achieve waste reduction and improve resource utilization. However, few studies have investigated the effects of MSW classification on GHG emission reduction. Therefore, the GHG emissions under different MSW disposal modes before and after classification were studied based on the life cycle assessment method in the four districts of Qingdao City. The results showed that MSW classification could significantly reduce the GHG emissions during the whole MSW treatment process. The net carbon emissions(in CO2/MSW)during the whole process of waste treatment for mode 1 (mixed collection+landfill), mode 2 (mixed collection+incineration), mode 3 (waste classification+anaerobic digestion of food waste and other incineration), and mode 4 (waste classification+anaerobic digestion of food waste, recycling of recyclable waste, and other incineration) were 686.39, -130.12, -61.88, and -230.17 kg·t-1, respectively. Improving the classification efficiency of food waste had no significant impact on carbon emissions. The reduction in carbon emissions increased linearly with the improvement of waste recycling efficiency. For every 10% increase in the recovery efficiency of recyclable waste, the net carbon emission decreased by 26.6%(16.5 kg·t-1). Appropriate separation of food waste, improving the recycling efficiency of recyclable waste, and reducing the leakage rate of biogas from anaerobic digestion are feasible strategies to reduce carbon emissions from MSW disposal units through the classification of MSW.

Progress of researches on developmental processes and reproduction mode of Pneumocystis / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Pneumocystis, an important opportunistic fungal pathogen that parasitizes in multiple mammalian lungs, may cause life-threatening Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) and even death among immunocompromised individuals. With the rapid development of high-throughput sequencing and multi-omics technologies, systematic comparative analyses of genome, transcriptome, and whole-genome sequencing results demonstrate that Pneumocystis is a type of obligate biotrophic fungi, and requires obtaining nutrition from hosts. In addition, sexual reproduction is an essential process for Pneumocystis survival, production and transmission, and asexual reproduction facilitates Pneumocystis survival, which provides new insights into understanding of the whole developmental process of Pneumocystis in the host lung and inter-host transmission of Pneumocystis. This review summarizes the advances in the reproduction mode of Pneumocystis and underlying mechanisms, which provides insights into prevention and treatment of PCP, notably for the prophylaxis against nosocomial transmission of PCP.

Association Between Metabolic Risk Factors and Cognitive Impairment in Schizophrenia Based on Sex

Objective@#Sex differences have been observed in many aspects of schizophrenia, including cognitive deficits. Despite extensive research into the relationship between metabolic factors and cognitive deficits in schizophrenia, few studies have explored the potential sex difference in their association. @*Methods@#We recruited 358 schizophrenia patients and 231 healthy controls. The participants underwent measurements of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, blood pressure, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and fasting blood glucose. Metabolic risk factors included abdominal obesity, hypertension, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia. A collection of these metabolic risk factors has been defined as metabolic syndrome. These diagnoses were based on the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program’s Adult Treatment Panel III. Cognitive performance was measured using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS). A descriptive analysis, difference analysis, and linear regression model were used to identify the metabolic risk factors for cognitive function in schizophrenia. @*Results@#Our findings revealed sex differences in the rate of abdominal obesity and hypertension in schizophrenic patients. Additionally, we observed sex differences in the association between metabolic risk factors and cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. Specifically, hyperglycemia was associated with the immediate memory index score of RBANS in male patients, while dyslipidemia was associated with language, attention, delayed memory index scores, and RBANS total score in female patients. @*Conclusion@#Our results suggest that sex should be considered when evaluating the impact of metabolic disorders on the cognitive function of schizophrenic patients. Moreover, our study identifies hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia as potential targets for precise treatment by sex stratification, which could benefit the improvement of cognitive impairment in schizophrenic patients.

Evaluation on the application of community hypertension screening model by automated blood pressure measurement / 上海预防医学

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of standardized blood pressure measurement in consulting room （SBPM） model on blood pressure screening of non-hypertensive patients in community. MethodsFour communities were randomly selected from Fengxian District of Shanghai， and non-hypertensive patients in the communities were included for screening. Based on the communities， participants were further classified into the intervention group and control group. A one-year intervention study was conducted from January 1， 2021 to December 31， 2021. The intervention group received the intervention measures of standardized measurement， and the control group remained the routine measurement. The distribution of blood pressure values and last digit of the values between the intervention group and control group were tested using Chi-square test and normality test. Then changes in abnormal blood pressure rate before and after the intervention were determined by double difference method. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 20.0. ResultsA total of 15 368 participants were included in the intervention group， and 19 811 participants in the control group. After the intervention， range of the last digit of blood pressure values in the intervention group was 9.55%‒10.41%， of which that of systolic and diastolic blood pressure were equally distributed （P=0.932 and 0.871， respectively）. The range of the last digit in the control group was 1.31%‒42.58%， of which that of systolic and diastolic blood pressure showed unequal distribution （P<0.001）. Through one-year standardized measurement intervention， the abnormal rate of blood pressure in the intervention group was 26.29%， which was 7.61 times as high as that in the control group （OR=7.55， 95%CI： 6.75‒8.57， P<0.001）. ConclusionStandardized blood pressure measurement in consulting room is suitable for the screening of blood pressure measurement in community， which has higher data quality than that of routine measurement.

RNA m / 中国生物化学与分子生物学报

The central nervous system controls high-level neural activities such as perception, movement, language, and cognition. As the most important part of the human nervous system, its normaldevelopment and functional activities are very important in the process of human development. A betterunderstanding of the essential molecular pathways that regulate the development of the nervous systemmay improve diagnoses and treatments for neurologic diseases, as well as basic biological understanding ofthe brain. The dynamic changes of the modified state of RNA N

The value of plasma SEPT9 gene methylation combined with serum carcinoembryonic antigen and carbohydrate antigen 724 in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective:To investigate the clinical application value of plasma SEPT9 gene methylation combined with serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 724 (CA724) in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer.Methods:A total of 219 patients with colorectal diseases in Baoji Central Hospital and Yunnan Province New Kun Hua Hospital from May 2018 to October 2021 were selected, including 149 cases of colorectal cancer and 70 cases of colorectal polyp diagnosed by pathology. A total of 100 healthy people in the same period were selected as the healthy control group. The methylation of SEPT9 gene in plasma was measured by using real-time fluorescent polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the levels of serum CEA and CA724 were measured by using electrochemiluminescence. The expressions of three indicators in each group were compared, and the effect of every single indicator and the combination of the three indicators on the diagnosis of colorectal cancer was analyzed by using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results:The positive rate of SEPT9 gene methylation in colorectal cancer group (74.50%, 111/149) was higher than that in colorectal polyp group (22.86%, 16/70) and healthy control group (1.00%, 1/100), and the difference was statistically significant ( P < 0.001). The positive rate of CEA in colorectal cancer group (46.98%, 70/149) was higher than that in colorectal polyp group (40.00%, 28/70) and the healthy control group (3.00%, 3/100) and the difference was statistically significant ( P < 0.001). The positive rate of CA724 in colorectal cancer group (38.93%, 58/149) was higher than that in colorectal polyp group (32.86%, 23/70) and the healthy control group (2.00%, 2/100), and the difference was statistically significant ( P < 0.001). The area under the curve (AUC) of ROC of SEPT9 gene methylation, CEA and CA724 in the single diagnosis of colorectal cancer was 0.823 (95% CI 0.753-0.891), 0.788 (95% CI 0.725-0.852) and 0.689 (95% CI 0.624-0.754), respectively. The optimal cut-off Ct value of SEPT9 gene methylation in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer was 36.5, the sensitivity was 90.30%, and the positive predictive value was 84.68%, which were higher than those of CEA and CA724. The optimal cut-off value of CEA in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer was 8.80 ng/ml, and the specificity (77.50%) and negative predictive value (78.48%) were higher than those of SEPT9 gene methylation and CA724. The sensitivity (97.66%), positive predictive value (93.98%), negative predictive value (81.25%) and AUC (0.846, 95% CI 0.749-0.944) of the combined detection of the three indexes taking the optimal cut-off value of every single indicator were higher than those of the single indicator. Conclusions:The combined detection of plasma SEPT9 gene methylation, CEA and CA724 in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer has high sensitivity and accuracy. The three combined detection can complement each other and improve the diagnostic efficiency, which is of high clinical value for the diagnosis of colorectal cancer.

MA Hui-fang's experience in age-related macular degeneration treated with acupuncture at Jingming (BL 1) / 中国针灸

The paper introduces professor MA Hui-fang's experience in age-related macular degeneration treated with acupuncture at Jingming (BL 1). It is believed that the basic pathogenesis of this disease refers to liver and kidney insufficiency and weakness of spleen qi. Based on the academic ideas of yang qi and meridian-collateral system, the treatment principle is proposed as "invigorating yang qi, replenishing the liver and kidney and nourishing the spleen and stomach". Regarding acupoint selection, Jingming (BL 1) is specially used, combined with the 4 front-mu points (Zhongwan [CV 12], Guanyuan [CV 4] and bilateral Tianshu [ST 25]), as well as the empirical points for eye diseases (Jingming [BL 1], Baihui [GV 20] and Zulinqi [GB 41]). Concerning to needling technique, shuci (transport needling), fenci (intermuscular needling) and yuandaoci (distal needling) are dominated. Eventually, a set of unique therapeutic method has been accumulated through professor MA Hui-fang's clinical practice in treatment of age-related macular degeneration.

[Effect of acupuncture on intestinal flora and TLR4 in brain and intestinal tissues in rats with stress gastric ulcer].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of acupuncture at "Guanyuan" (CV 4) and "Xiajuxu" (ST 39) on intestinal flora and Toll-like receptors-4 (TLR4) in brain and intestinal tissue in rats with stress gastric ulcer (SGU), and to explore the possible mechanism of acupuncture for SGU. METHODS: Thirty-one male SD rats were randomly divided into a blank group (n=7), a model group (n=8), an acupuncture group (n=8) and a drug group (n=8). The rats in the model group, acupuncture group and drug group were treated with modified restraint plus water-immersion stress method to establish SGU model. After modeling, the rats in the acupuncture group were treated with acupuncture at "Guanyuan" (CV 4) and "Xiajuxu" (ST 39), 20 min each time, and the needles were twirled for 30 s every 5 min. The rats in the drug group were treated with intragastric administration of 2 mL omeprazole enteric-coated tablets (20 mg/mL). Both the treatments were given once a day for 5 days. After the intervention, the gastric mucosal damage index was calculated by Guth method; the morphological changes of gastric mucosa were observed by HE staining; the diversity of intestinal flora was detected by 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing; TLR4 contents in brain and intestinal tissues were determined by ELISA. RESULTS: Compared with the blank group, the gastric mucosal damage index was significantly increased in the model group (P<0.01); the morphological changes of gastric mucosa were obvious; the Observed Species index and Shannon index of α diversity index of intestinal flora were decreased (P<0.05); the ß diversity showed that the spatial distance between the model group and the blank group was far; the TLR4 contents in the brain and intestinal tissue were increased (P<0.05, P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the gastric mucosal damage index was decreased in the acupuncture group and the drug group (P<0.05); the morphology of gastric mucosa was improved; the Observed Species index and Shannon index of α diversity index of intestinal flora in the acupuncture group was increased (P<0.05), and the Shannon index in the drug group was increased (P<0.05); the ß diversity showed that the spatial distance between the acupuncture group and the blank group was close; the TLR4 contents in the brain and intestinal tissues of the acupuncture group were decreased (P<0.01). Compared with the drug group, the contents of TLR4 in the intestinal tissue of the acupuncture group were decreased (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Acupuncture at "Guanyuan" (CV 4) and "Xiajuxu" (ST 39) could alleviate SGU in rats, and its mechanism may be related to increasing the diversity of intestinal flora, promoting the disorder of intestinal flora to normal, and reducing the overexpression of TLR4 in brain and intestinal tissues.

Research on the effectiveness of WPBL teaching method in medical humanities English course under the background of "New Medical Science" / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To explore whether the introduction of web problem based learning (WPBL) teaching method in medical humanities English class under the background of new medical science is helpful to the course learning and the improvement of students' humanistic quality.Methods:Taking 602 students from Batch 2017 clinical medicine in Xi'an Medical University as the experimental group and 610 students from Batch 2018 as the control group, the research lasting a semester was carried out around eight modules. The control group adopted the traditional teaching mode, while the experimental group used the WPBL mode for teaching relying on the Blue Pigeon Cloud Network Language Learning Platform. After teaching, through comparing the final exam results and issuing self-made questionnaires, the teaching effects of the two methods on students' self-study ability, thinking ability, teamwork ability and knowledge application ability were compared. The data were statistically processed by SPSS 20.0.Results:The final average score of the experimental group (62.13±2.11) was higher than that of the control group (60.42±2.03), with significant differences ( P < 0.05). According to the statistical analysis of the questionnaire, there were differences between the two groups in evaluating the teaching effect, and the proportion of the experimental group was over 60%, significantly higher than that of the control group. 93.3% of the students in the experimental group were satisfied with the WPBL teaching method, while only 43.0% of the students in the control group were satisfied with the traditional teaching method, showing a significant difference between them. The evaluation of students in the experimental group were higher than the control group in terms of self-study ability, data access ability, knowledge exploration ability, language expression ability and problem finding and solving ability. 91.1% of students in the experimental group believed that the introduction of WPBL teaching mode in the course would help to improve their medical humanistic quality, which was significantly higher than the proportion of students in the control group. Conclusion:The empirical study shows that the introduction of WPBL teaching method in medical humanities English course can not only enable students to master learning skills, but also strengthen students' humanistic quality, thus promoting the development of medical education.

Progress of researches on anti-infective properties of epigallocatechin-3-gallate / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

(-)-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCG) is the most abundant polyphenol in green tea, which has shown anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic, anti-radiation, anti-mutant, anti-cancer and anti-fibrotic actions, and has shown improvements of diabetes, obesity, asthma, cancer, cardiovascular diseases and central nervous system disorders. In addition, EGCG is reported to enhance the human immunity. Recently, EGCG has been found to play a vital role in infectious diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, viruses and parasites. The review summarizes the progress of researches on anti-infective properties of EGCG, so as to elucidate the potential role of EGCG in the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases.

Single point mutations can potentially enhance infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 revealed by in silico affinity maturation and SPR assay

The RBD (receptor binding domain) of the SARS-CoV-2 virus S (spike) protein mediates the viral cell attachment and serves as a promising target for therapeutics development. Mutations on the S-RBD may alter its affinity to cell receptor and affect the potency of vaccines and antibodies. Here we used an in-silico approach to predict how mutations on RBD affect its binding affinity to hACE2 (human angiotensin-converting enzyme2). The effect of all single point mutations on the interface was predicted. SPR assay result shows that 6 out of 9 selected mutations can strengthen binding affinity. Our prediction has reasonable agreement with the previous deep mutational scan results and recently reported mutants. Our work demonstrated in silico method as a powerful tool to forecast more powerful virus mutants, which will significantly benefit for the development of broadly neutralizing vaccine and antibody.

Metabolic indicators associated with non-communicable diseases deteriorated in COVID-19 outbreak: evidence from a two-center, retrospective study

ObjectiveOur study aimed to investigate whether the metabolic indicators associated with non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in the general population have changed during the COVID-19 outbreak. METHODSThis retrospective self-controlled study enrolled adult participants with metabolic indicators relate to NCDs followed at Fujian Provincial Hospital and Fujian Provincial Hospital South Branch. The metabolic indicators followed during January 1, 2020 and April 30, 2020, the peak period of the COVID-19 epidemic in China, were compared with the baseline value in the same period last year. Pared-samples T-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were performed to analyze the differences between paired data. ResultsThe follow-up total cholesterol was significantly increased than that of the baseline (4.73 (4.05, 5.46) mmol/L vs 4.71 (4.05, 5.43) mmol/L, p=0.019; n=3379). Similar results were observed in triglyceride (1.29 (0.91, 1.88) vs 1.25 (0.87, 1.81) mmol/L, p<0.001; n=3381), uric acid (330.0 (272.0, 397.0) vs 327.0 (271.0, 389.0) umol/L, p<0.001; n=3364), and glycosylated hemoglobin (6.50 (6.10, 7.30) vs 6.50 (6.10, 7.20) %, p=0.013; n=532). No significant difference was observed in low density lipoprotein, body mass index and blood pressure. ConclusionsMetabolic indicators associated with NCDs deteriorated in the COVID-19 outbreak. We should take action to prevent and control NCDs without delay.

Blood glucose levels in elderly subjects with type 2 diabetes during COVID-19 outbreak: a retrospective study in a single center

AimsIdeal glycemic control is of great importance for diabetic patients during public health emergencies of infectious diseases as long-term hyperglycemic are not only associated with chronic complications but also vital drivers of common and life-threatening infections. The present study was designed to investigate the changes of blood glucose levels in elderly subjects with type 2 diabetes(T2D) during COVID-19 outbreak. MethodsThis retrospective study focused on the T2D outpatients at Fujian Provincial Hospital aged 65 years old and above who received baseline test for fasting plasma glucose and/or glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) between January 1, 2019 and March 8, 2019 and were followed up on fasting plasma glucose and/or HbA1c in the same period in 2020. The baseline and follow-up data were analyzed with the paired-samples T-test. ResultsA total of 135 elderly subjects with T2D with baseline and follow-up fasting plasma glucose and 50 elderly subjects with T2D with baseline and follow-up HbA1c were analyzed, respectively. The baseline and follow-up fasting plasma glucose were 7.08 {+/-} 1.80 and 7.48{+/-}2.14 mmol/L, respectively (P=0.008). The baseline and follow-up HbA1c were 7.2{+/-}1.7% and 7.4{+/-}1.8%, respectively (P=0.158). ConclusionsElderly subjects with T2D had higher fasting plasma glucose levels during COVID-19 outbreak. We should pay more attension to the management of diabetics during public health emergencies.

Expression of TRPM7 in breast cancer and clinicopathological characteristics / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the expression level of TRPM7 in breast cancer tissues and adjacent carcinoma tissues and to analyze its clinicalpathological characteristics.Methods:The expressions of TRPM7 in 87 breast cancer and 47 adjacent tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry, and then the relationship between expression and clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed.Results:The positive rate of TRPM7 in breast cancer tissues was 66.7%, significantly higher than that in para-cancer tissues (10.6%) ( P<0.001) . Meanwhile, TRPM7 expression was much higher in those with tumor diameter≥2 cm ( P=0.023) , TNM stage III ( P=0.001) and lymph node metastasis ( P=0.015) . The expression of TRPM7 has nothing to do with patients’ age ( P=0.455) or histological grade ( P=0.577) . Conclusions:High expression of TRPM7 is associated with the development of breast cancer. TRPM7 may become a potential biological indicator to monitor the prognosis of breast cancer in the future.

Effect of acupuncture on serum inflammatory cytokines and intestinal flora in rats with stress-induced gastric ulcer / 针刺研究

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of acupuncture on serum inflammatory cytokines and intestinal flora in rats with stress-induced gastric ulcer (SGU), and to explore the mechanism of acupuncture in the treatment of SGU. METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into blank, model, acupuncture, and medication groups, with 7 rats in each group. Restraint water-immersion stress was used to establish the model of SGU. The rats in the acupuncture group were given acupuncture at "Zhongwan"(CV12) and bilateral "Zusanli"(ST36) for 20 min, once a day for 5 days, and those in the medication group were given 2 mL solution of Omeprazole enteric-coated tablets (0.2 mg/kg) by gavage, once a day for 5 days. The Guth method was used to calculate the gastric mucosa damage index, HE staining was used to observe the histopathological changes of the gastric mucosa, ELISA was used to measure the serum levels of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), and 16S rDNA sequencing method was used to observe the change in intestinal flora. RESULTS: Compared with the blank group, the model group had a significant increase in gastric mucosa damage index (P<0.01), markedly pathological changes of the gastric mucosa shown by HE staining, a significant reduction in the content of serum IL-4 (P<0.01), and a significant increase in the content of serum IL-6 (P<0.01), as well as a significant reduction in Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes at the phylum level. Compared with the model group, the acupuncture group and the medication group had a significant reduction in gastric mucosa damage index (P<0.01, P<0.05). HE staining showed reduced pathological changes of the gastric mucosa, as well as a significant increase in the content of serum IL-4 (P<0.01, P<0.05) and a significant reduction in the content of serum IL-6 (P<0.01, P<0.05). As for the intestinal flora, there was a significant increase in Bacteroidetes. Compared with the medication group, the gastric mucosa damage index was decreased （P<0.05），the content of serum IL-4 was significantly increased （P<0.05）, while the content of serum IL-6 significantly decreased (P<0.05) in the acupuncture group. CONCLUSION: Acupuncture at CV12 and ST36 can down-regulate the content of serum IL-6, up-regulate the content of serum IL-4, maintain the relative homeostasis of inflammatory cytokines, and regulate the community structure of intestinal flora, and thus help to repair the damage of gastric mucosa.

Effect of acupuncture on intestinal flora in rats with stress gastric ulcer / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effect of acupuncture at "Baihui" (GV 20), "Zhongwan" (CV 12) and "Zusanli" (ST 36) on intestinal flora in rats with stress gastric ulcer (SGU) , and to explore the mechanism of acupuncture promoting SGU recovery.@*METHODS@#Thirty-one SPF SD rats were randomly divided into a control group (7 rats), a model control group (8 rats), an acupuncture group (8 rats) and a medication group (8 rats). The rats in the model group, acupuncture group and medication group were selected to applied the improved restraint water-immersion stress method to establish the SGU model. After modeling, the rats in the control group and model group were fixed and restrained for 20 min every day for a total of 5 days; the rats in the acupuncture group were intervented with acupuncture at "Baihui" (GV 20), "Zhongwan" (CV 12) and "Zusanli" (ST 36), once a day, 20 min each time, and twisting needle for 30 s every 5 min for a total of 5 days; the rats in the medication group were gavaged by solution of omeprazole enteric-coated tablet (200 mg/mL), 2 mL for each rat, once a day. Guth method was used to calculate the gastric mucosal damage index (GMDI), HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of gastric mucosa, and 16SrDNA identification was used to detect the structural abundance of intestinal flora.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the control group, the GMDI of rats in the model group was increased (<0.01), the gastric mucosal pathological changes were significant, and the intestinal flora richness index Chao1, Observed species and diversity index Shannon were all decreased (<0.05), the diversity index Simpson was increased (<0.05). Compared with the model group, the GMDI of rats in the acupuncture group and medication group was reduced (<0.01, <0.05), the gastric mucosal damage degree was reduced, and the intestinal flora richness index Chao1, Observed species and diversity index Shannon were all increased (<0.05) and the diversity index Simpson decreased (<0.05). Compared with the medication group, the GMDI of rats in the acupuncture group was reduced (<0.01), the recovery of gastric mucosal injury was better than that of the medication group.@*CONCLUSION@#Acupuncture can effectively improve gastric mucosal injury of SGU, and the mechanism may be related to increasing the diversity of intestinal flora and promoting the correction of the disordered intestinal flora.

Abnormal resting-state percent amplitude of fluctuation in smoking addicted teenagers / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To investigate the differences of resting-state spontaneous neural activity between smoking addicted teenagers and healthy non-smokers.Methods:In the current study, the percent amplitude of fluctuation (perAF) approach was applied to explore the differences of resting-state spontaneous neural activity between smoking addicted teenagers and healthy non-smokers.Pearson correlation analysis was used to investigate the relationships between the altered perAF values and smoking years, fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence (FTND) and pack-years of smokers.Results:Compared with healthy non-smokers, smoking addicted teenagers showed increased perAF values in the parahippocampal gyrus (smoking addicted teenagers: 2.026 5±0.516 7, nonsmokers: 0.781 6±0.148 9), middle temporal gyrus (smoking addicted teenagers: 0.796 7±0.203 2, nonsmokers: 0.545 5±0.134 1), and superior frontal gyrus (smoking addicted teenagers: 2.734 5±0.372 8, nonsmokers: 1.962 4±0.416 8) (all P<0.001). It was noteworthy that the perAF values of the parahippocampal gyrus were negatively correlated with smoking years of smoking addicted teenagers( r=-0.6007, P=0.0084). Conclusion:Compared with healthy non-smokers, the resting-state regional neural activity in smoking addicted teenagers was altered, mainly manifested as increased perAF value in the parahippocampal gyrus, which is correlated with smoking years of smoking addicted teenagers.These findings may help us understanding neural mechanisms underlying nicotine addiction of smoking addicted teenagers.

The influence of humanistic management atmosphere on nurses′ intention to stay / 中华医院管理杂志

Objective:To explore the influence of humanistic management atmosphere on nurses′ intention to stay in hospital, so as to provide reference for stabilizing nursing team.Methods:The convenience sampling method was used to investigate 1 044 clinical nurses in 5 tertiary hospitals in Shandong province by using the general information questionnaire, nurses′ perception of humanistic management questionnaire and nurses′ intention to stay questionnaire in May 2019.Four dimensions of demographic factors and nurses′ perception of hospital humanistic management were used as independent variables, and the total score of nurses′ intention to stay was used as dependent variable for stepwise regression analysis.Results:The total scores of humanistic management perception and intention to stay were 166.70±29.42 and 23.30±4.29 respectively. There was a positive correlation between humanistic management perception and intention to stay( P<0.05). The three dimensions of human management perception, emotional management perception and cultural management perception, as well as the professional title, working years and employment form could explain 27.5% of variation. Conclusions:The nurses′ intention to stay is in the middle and upper level, which is related to the hospital′s humanistic management. The perception of humanistic management of nurses has a positive predictive effect on the intention to stay, especially in talent management, emotional management and cultural management. Hospital managers should improve the humanistic management mode, enhance nurses′ perception of humanistic management in order to stabilize the nursing team and improve nurses′ intention to stay.