Subject(s)
Cardiac Surgical Procedures/mortality , Community-Institutional Relations , Consumer Behavior/statistics & numerical data , Hospital Mortality , Cardiac Surgical Procedures/standards , Case-Control Studies , Chi-Square Distribution , Discriminant Analysis , Female , Humans , Male , Quality of Health Care/statistics & numerical data , Surveys and Questionnaires , United States/epidemiologyABSTRACT
A 2 x 2 x 2 factorial study with two levels each of price, quality, and mortality data was undertaken to determine consumers' reactions to hospital advertisements that include mortality statistics. Both as a simple effect and in selected interaction effects, mortality statistics are found to be significant to hospital choice, measured in terms of intentions and attitudes.
Subject(s)
Choice Behavior , Hospitals/classification , Mortality , Patient Acceptance of Health Care/statistics & numerical data , Quality of Health Care , Advertising/methods , Analysis of Variance , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Factor Analysis, Statistical , Humans , Surveys and Questionnaires , United StatesABSTRACT
In a review of 1,092 patients with histologically proved carcinoma of the stomach, it was found that 40 patients (3.8 per cent) had previously undergone surgical treatment of a duodenal ulcer. In 13 patients, truncal vagotomy had been carried out, while 27 patients had a partial gastrectomy. Patients having truncal vagotomy and who subsequently had carcinoma of the stomach develop did so at a significantly earlier age than those having partial gastrectomy (55 years compared with 64 years). Carcinoma of the stomach was diagnosed after an average interval of 8.5 years in the vagotomy group compared with 24.0 years in the nonvagotomy group. Possible explanations for this observation are considered. Patients in the vagotomy group were less likely to have a resectable tumor.
Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/etiology , Duodenal Ulcer/surgery , Gastrectomy/adverse effects , Stomach Neoplasms/etiology , Vagotomy/adverse effects , Adenocarcinoma/diagnosis , Adult , Dyspepsia/etiology , Gastric Acid , Humans , Middle Aged , Stomach Neoplasms/diagnosis , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Four patients representing four generations of one family suffered from the multiple nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome. These cases are described and the importance of examination and careful supervision of the progeny of such patients is discussed. A unique finding in this series was a large congenital lung cyst occupying the left thoracic cavity of 1 patient.
Subject(s)
Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome/genetics , Carcinoma, Basal Cell/genetics , Adolescent , Adult , Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome/diagnostic imaging , Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome/pathology , Child , Cysts/diagnostic imaging , Female , Humans , Lung Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Male , Mandibular Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Mandibular Neoplasms/pathology , Middle Aged , Radiography , Skin Neoplasms/pathologyABSTRACT
The principal features of the Multiple Basal Cell Naevi Syndrome are reviewed and the case of a seven-year-old child is described. The diagnosis and the management of young patients with this syndrome are discussed.
Subject(s)
Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome/diagnosis , Carcinoma, Basal Cell/diagnosis , Odontogenic Cysts/diagnosis , Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome/pathology , Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome/therapy , Bone and Bones/pathology , Child , Female , Humans , Jaw Cysts/pathology , Odontogenic Cysts/pathologySubject(s)
Clostridium Infections , Peritonitis/etiology , Adolescent , Ascitic Fluid/microbiology , Female , HumansABSTRACT
In the period 1970-75 inclusive 5152 patients were admitted to an accident hospital after an uncomplicated injury to their head. This group was compared with the 116 patients who needed craniotomy in the same period. It is suggested that precautionary admission of patients with minor head injuries is excessive.
Subject(s)
Brain Injuries , Craniocerebral Trauma , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Brain Edema/diagnosis , Brain Edema/surgery , Cerebral Hemorrhage/diagnosis , Cerebral Hemorrhage/surgery , Craniocerebral Trauma/diagnosis , Craniocerebral Trauma/surgery , Craniotomy , Diagnostic Errors , England , Humans , Length of Stay , Middle Aged , Patient Admission , Patient Discharge , Skull Fractures/diagnosis , Trauma CentersABSTRACT
A laboratory experiment was conducted to test Jones and Nisbett's information-processing explanation of the often-observed tendency for individuals (actors) to provide relatively more situational and less dispositional causal attributions for their behavior than those provided by observers of the same behavior. According to this explanation, aspects of the situation are phenomenologically more salient for actors, whereas characteristics of the actor and his behavior are more salient for observers. To test this explanation, the phenomenological perspective of observers are altered without making available any additional information. Subjects watched a videotape of a get-acquainted conversation after instructions either to observe a target conversant or to empathize with her. As predicted, taking the perspective of the target through empathy resulted in attributions that were relatively more situational and less dispositional than attributions provided by standard observers. The results support Jones and Nisbett's information-processing explanation of actor-observer attributional differences, and shed additional light on the process of empathy.